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| Abaineh D | Sintayehu A | Treatment trial of subclinical mastitis with the herb Persicaria senegalense (Polygonaceae) | Trop Anim Health Prod. | 2001 | Dec;33(6):511-9 | klin stud 5 | ja | nee | nee | nee | G | Persicaria senegalense | The possible remedial effect of Persicaria senegalense in bovine subclinical mastitis was studied by in vitro and in vivo antimicrobial tests, using crude extracts and the leaf in different forms. The in vitro test showed that isolates of Staphylococcus aureus, Candida albicans and Corynebacterium bovis from subclinical cases and an isolate of Pseudomonas aeruginosa from a clinical case of mastitis were all inhibited by the three crude extracts at 820 g concentration. An in vivo trial feeding 1.5 kg of the cooked leaf per day for 5 days did not give a significant cure rate, whereas a second trial in which 0.77 kg of leaf powder, equivalent to 3 kg of wet leaf, was fed per day for 5 days resulted in an apparent cure rate of 92.8% (52.8% actual as there was a 40% spontaneous cure rate in the negative control group, in contrast to 80% (40% actual) in the positive control group treated with an intramammary antibiotic preparation. |
| Agripress.nl | Zoektocht naar nieuwe middelen tegen histomonas veelbelovend | http://www.agripress.nl/start/artikel/184778/nl | 2006 | B | nee | nee | ja | nee | J, A2 | Protophyt B, Protophyt SP, Enteroguard, Aromabiotic | Van Protophyt SP werd vastgesteld dat het werkzaamheid tegen H. meleagridis heeft. In latere experimenten bleek ook Enteroguard activiteit te hebben. Met Protophyt B kon daarentegen de groei van de parasieten niet worden geremd. Zie Hafez voor klinische studie. | ||
| Akbar MA | Sarker PK, Mondal MMH | Comparative effects of individual and mixture of indigenous medicinal plants on gastrointestinal nematodiasis and growth of calves | BSAS Ethnoveterinary Medicine Conference | 2006 | klin stud 4 | ja | nee | nee | nee | P | albendazol, Neem-bladeren, Atis-blad, ananas-blad en een mengsel (1:1:1) hiervan | De volgende vijf behandelingen werden vergeleken: albendazol (regulier anthelminticum; positieve controle), Neem-bladeren (Azadirachta indica), Atis-blad (Annona reticulata), ananas-blad (Ananas comocus) en een mengsel (1:1:1) hiervan. De bladeren werden gevriesdroogd en tot poeder vermalen. De dosis was 200 mg/kg van dit poeder. Elke behandeling werd aan vijf koeien gegeven die tussen een en twee jaar oud waren en ongeveer 500 wormen-eieren in de mest hadden. Op dag 7, 14, 21 en 28 na de behandeling werd de gewichtstoename en de procentuele vermindering van het aantal eieren in de mest vastgesteld (FECR). Albendazol gaf op al deze tijdsstippen 100% reductie, de neem-bladeren haalden na drie en vier weken respectievelijk 58,8% en 49,3% reductie. | |
| Alçiçek A | Bozkurt M, Çabuk M | The effect of an essential oil combination derived from selected herbs growing wild in Turkey on broiler performance | South African Journal of Animal Science | 2003 | 33:89-94 | klin stud 5 | nee | nee | ja | nee | A2 | ||
| Ali-Emmanuel N | Moudachirou M, Akakpo JA, Quetin-Leclercq J | Treatment of bovine dermatophilosis with Senna alata, Lantana camara and Mitracarpus scaber leaf extracts | J of Ethnopharmacology | 2003 | Vol. 86, Iss. 2-3; 167-171 | klin stud 5 | ja | nee | nee | nee | D | Senna alata, Lantana camara, Mitracarpus scaber | This study describes interesting preliminary results on the therapeutic effects of ointments prepared with extracts of medicinal plants on bovine dermatophilosis. Our results show that the use of ointments made with ethanolic extracts of leaves of Senna alata, Lantana camara and Mitracarpus scaber, as topical treatments on chronic crusty or acute lesions of dermatophilosis, induces healing of the disease in the nine infected animals treated without recurrence. This is opposed to what is observed by using oxytetracycline, terramycin long-acting (TLA), or procaine-penicillin, antibiotics commonly used parenterally for the treatment of dermatophilosis in the Republic of Benin which could not prevent the recurrence of the disease. |
| Allan P | Bilkei G | Oregano improves reproductive performance of sows | Theriogenology | 2005 | Feb;63(3):716-21 | klin stud 5 | nee | ja | nee | nee | G | Oregpig (oregano) | Natural herbs are being explored as alternatives to antimicrobials. The objective of the present study was to determine the effect of strategic addition of oregano to prefarrowing and lactation diets of sows under field conditions. Alternate farrowing groups were given diets containing 1000ppm oregano (dried leaf and flower of Origanum vulgare, enriched with 500g/kg of cold-pressed essential oils of O. vulgare) in prefarrowing and lactation diets. Overall, 801 oregano-treated sows, including 601 primiparous and 1200 multiparous (parity 2.99 ± 0.43, mean ± S.E.) and 1809 untreated control sows (705 primiparous and 1104 multiparous; parity 3.04 ± 0.38), were used. Sows fed oregano had lower annual sow mortality rate (4.02 ± 0.4% versus 6.92 ± 1.11%, mean ± S.E.; P = 0.003), lower sow culling rate during lactation (8.01 ± 1.11% versus 14.02 ± 1.33%, P = 0.02), increased farrowing rate (77.02 ± 2.31% versus 69.91 ± 2.32%, P = 0.01), increased number of liveborn piglets per litter (10.49 ± 1.5 versus 9.95 ± 1.22, P < 0.05), and decreased stillbirth rate (0.909 ± 0.01 versus 0.807 ± 0.01, P = 0.05). |
| Allen PC | Lydon J, Danforth HD | Effects of components of Artemisia annua on coccidia infections in chickens | Poult Sci. | 1997 | 76:1156-1163 | klin stud 5 | nee | nee | ja | nee | P | Artemisia annua | Four experiments were run to test the anticoccidial activity of dried Artemisia annua leaves and several of their chemical constituents for possible use as prophylactic feed additives. When fed over a period of 3 wk at a level of 5%, a dried leaf supplement of A. annua provided significant protection against lesions due to Eimeria tenella but not Eimeria acervulina or Eimeria maxima. When fed over a period of 5 wk at a level of 1% to chicks undergoing immunization with a live vaccine, it provided significant protection in partially immunized chicks against E. acervulina and E. tenella lesions from a dual species challenge infection. |
| Allen PC | Danforth HD, Augustine PC | Dietary modulation of avian coccidiosis | Int J Parasitol. | 1998 | Jul; 28(7):1131-40 | klin stud 5 | nee | nee | ja | nee | P | Artemisia annua, lijnzaadolie, kurkuma | During the past several years, our laboratory has been investigating the anticoccidial activities of various natural products that have potential use as dietary supplements for coccidiosis control. Sources of fats containing high concentrations of n-3 fatty acids such as menhaden oil and flaxseed oil and flaxseed, when added to starter rations and fed to chicks from one day of age, effectively reduce lesions caused by the caecal parasite Eimeria tenella, but not lesions caused by Eimeria maxima. Our results are consistent with reports of effects of diets high in n-3 fatty acids on other protozoan parasites which suggest that the state of oxidative stress induced by these diets in the cells of both host and parasites is responsible for their parasitic actions. |
| Allen VG | Pond KR, Saker KE, Fontenot JP, Bagley CP, Ivy RL, Evans R., Schmidt RE, Fike JH, Zhang X, Ayad JY, Brown CP, Miller MF, Montgomery JL, Mahan J, Wester DB, Melton C | Influence of a brown seaweed on antioxidants in forages and livestock | Journal of Animal Science | 2001 | 79: E21-E31 | sec | ja | nee | nee | nee | bruin zeewier | Tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.) infected with the endophyte Neotyphodium coenophialum ([Morgan-Jones and Gams] Glenn, Bacon, and Hanlin) causes fescue toxicosis in cattle grazing the forage, but effects of the endophyte were considered to be abated soon after removal of the animals from pastures. Tasco-Forage, a proprietary extract from the brown seaweed Ascophyllum nodosum, is a known source of cytokinins and has increased antioxidant activity in both plants and the animals that graze the forage. Tasco was applied at | |
| Amon M | Dobeic M, Misselbrook TH, Pain BF, Phillips VR, Sneath RW | A farm scale study on the use of De-Odorase for reducing odour and ammonia emissions from intensive fattening piggeries | Bioresource Technology | 1995 | Vol 51, no2: 163-169 | klin stud 5 | nee | ja | nee | nee | A3 | De-odorase (Yucca schidigera) | An experiment was mounted at a large fattening piggery in Slovenia, during which different groups each of 600 weaned pigs were housed and grown in different fattening rooms for 60 days (from age 24 days to age 84 days). All rooms were mechanically ventilated and had fully-slatted floors with slurry channels beneath. De-Odorase® was added to the diet of the treated groups of pigs at the rates recommended by the suppliers, e.g. for grower feed, 65 g/t. De-Odorase® was also added daily (3.2 g suspended in 10 l of water) to the upstream ends of the slurry channels. Once a week, the ammonia concentration in the air inside each fattening room was measured at each of four positions, using Dräger tubes, and the ventilation rate was computed from the cross-sectional area of each fan outlet and the average velocity of the air emerging from each. |
| Amrik B | Bilkei G | Influence of farm application of oregano on performances of sows | Canadian Veterinary Journal-Revue Veterinaire Canadienne | 2004, augustus | 45(8):674-7 | klin stud 5 | nee | ja | nee | nee | A2 | Oregpig (origanum vulgare) | This study was performed in a large commercial herd in eastern Europe to test the effect of oregano feed supplementation. Sows were studied in a unit where alternate farrowing groups were given diets containing 1000 ppm oregano in the prefarrowing and lactation diet. Oregano-treated groups showed a lower (P = 0.003) annual sow mortality rate, a lower (P = 0.03) sow culling rate during lactation, an increased (P = 0.01) subsequent farrowing rate, and more (P = 0.05) live-born piglets per litter compared with the nontreated sows. The conclusion was that dietary oregano supplementation improved the reproductive performance of sows in this herd. |
| Andersson R | Leon L, Baumeister J | Kräutermischung hatte positive Effekte | DGS-Magazin | 2002 | 01:43-44 | klin stud 4 | nee | nee | ja | nee | A2 | Enteroguard | Zowel in 1999 als in 2001 is op een biologisch proefbedrijf Enteroguard ingezet (1e 4 weken 1000 pppm, daarna 500 ppm). Dieren werden tot 2,5 kg gemest. Op dag 56 was de opbrengst significant hoger in de behandelde groep ivt de controle. Mortaliteit en VC verbeterden significant in 1 van de 2 proeven. |
| Arab HA | Rahbari S, Rassouli A, Moslemi MH, Khosravirad F | Determination of artemisinin in Artemisia sieberi and anticoccidial effects of the plant extract in broiler chickens | Trop Anim Health Prod. | 2006 | 38(6): 497-503 | klin stud 5 | nee | nee | ja | nee | P | Artemisia sieberi | Artemisinin has received much attention in the treatment of malaria in recent years, and it is now considered as a potential candidate to reduce coccidial infection in chickens. It is a sesquiterpene compound which has been isolated from Aretemisia annua for the first time. The present study aimed to investigate the occurrence of artemisinin in A. sieberi (AS) and to test the anticoccidial effects of plant extract in broiler chickens. The aerial parts of the plant were collected during different seasons from Yazd Province, in the centre of Iran. The artemisinin content of the AS was extracted with petrol ether and analysed by high-performance liquid chromatography using UV detection. |
| Arts J | Gennip M van, Lierop A-M van, Verhoeven J | Onderzoek naar de effecten van ginseng, cigarant en een mix van beide op gespeende biggen | scriptie HAS den Bosch | 2000 | klin stud 4 | nee | ja | nee | nee | A2, A4 | ginseng, cigarant en mix van beide | Scriptie HAS. Van geen van de drie behandelingen kon een significant effect op de opbrengst worden vastgesteld | |
| Aslan | Eryavuz A, dundar Y, Aknc Z, Bulbul A, Kucukkurt I, Fdan AF | Effects of various quantities of Yucca schidigera powder (Deodorase) added to diets on the performance, some hematological and biochemical blood parameters, and total antioxidant capacity of laying hens | Revue de Médecine Vétérinaire | 2005 | Vol 156, no6: 350-355 | klin stud 5 | nee | nee | ja | nee | A3 | De-odorase (Yucca schidigera) | The aims of this study were to clarify the effects of dietary supplementation with various quantities of Yucca schidigera powder (Deodorase) on some hematological markers, antioxidant capacity and serum and egg cholesterol concentrations in laying hens. Two hundred fifty six, 41 weeks old, laying hens Lohman LB were divided into 4 equal groups: the first group (control) was fed with basal layer diet and Deodorase (100, 150 and 200 ppm) was added to the ration in the 3 other groups. Zootechnical performances (growth, egg production), hematological parameters (erythrocyte, leukocyte and thrombocyte counts, hematocrit, and hemoglobin concentrations) and biochemical markers (glucose, cholesterol, glutathione, malondialdehyde (MDA) and total antioxidant capacity (TAC)) were monitored throughout the 10-week experiment. |
| Asseldonk T | Kleijer-Ligtenberg G, Vernooij A | Kruiden in de kraamstal - Een praktijkonderzoek voor en door biologische veehouders | samenv in V-focus; publ opc http://www.etnobotanie.nl | 2005 | klin stud 4 | nee | ja | nee | nee | A2, G | anijszaad, venkelzaad, brandnetelkruid(1:1:2); venkelzaad, tijmblad en CCM (1:0,5:8,5) | Praktijkproef bij enkele biologische varkenshouders. Kruidenmengsel toegediend aan zeug en biggen had geen invloed op groei of vc, wel was er minder uitval. | |
| Awati A | Prebiotics in piglet nutrition | Proefschrift | 2005 | klin stud 4 | nee | ja | nee | nee | A4 | saccharomyces (KH uit gistcelwanden) | The generalized theory behind the carbohydrate to protein fermentation in the GIT is that in presence of fermentable carbohydrate substrate, microbes prefer to ferment carbohydrate source to derive energy and use the nitrogen available for their own growth. With this background information, it was hypothesized that inclusion of fermentable carbohydrates in the piglet diet will reduce the protein fermentation, which will be confirmed by reduced levels of ammonia and branched chain fatty acids in end product profile of the fermentation. The aim of this thesis was to study the effects of inclusion of fermentable carbohydrates in weaning piglets’ diet, on GIT fermentation and any changes in microbial community composition and activity. | ||
| Ayurvet | Superliv increases Nutrient Utilisation | 1995 | klin stud 3 | nee | nee | ja | nee | A2 | Superliv | http://www.ayurvet.com, zoek op productnaam | |||
| Ayurvet | Superliv improves Broiler Performance | 1999 | klin stud 3 | nee | nee | ja | nee | A2 | Superliv | http://www.ayurvet.com, zoek op productnaam | |||
| Ayurvet | Stresroak Improves Breeder Performance | 2000 | klin stud 3 | nee | nee | ja | nee | N | Stresroak | http://www.ayurvet.com, zoek op productnaam | |||
| Ayurvet | Spirumax improves broiler performance | ? | klin stud 3 | nee | nee | ja | nee | A2 | Spirumax | ||||
| Ayurvet | Spirumax supplementation improves feed conversion in layers | ? | klin stud 3 | nee | nee | ja | nee | A2 | Spirumax | ||||
| Ayurvet | Stresroak fights Heat Stress | ? | klin stud 3 | nee | nee | ja | nee | N | Stresroak | http://www.ayurvet.com, zoek op productnaam | |||
| Bach A | Calsamiglia S, Greathead HMR, Kamel C | Effects of a combination of eugenol and cinnamaldehyde on ruminal protein and volatile fatty acids in lactating dairy cows | 4. BOKU-Symposium Tierernährung - Tierernährung ohne antibiotische Leistungsförderer | 2005 | 154-158 | klin stud 4 | ja | nee | nee | nee | A3 | eugenol, cinnamaldehyde | http://www.boku.ac.at/tte-symposium/Tagungsband/BOKU_Symposium_2005.pdf |
| Bampidis VA | Christoudoulou V, Florou-Paneri P, Christaki E, Chatzpoulou PS, Tsiligianni T, Spais AB | Effect of dietary dried oregano leaves on growth performance, carcase characteristics and serum cholesterol of female early maturing turkeys | British Poultry Science | 2005 | 46:595-601 | klin stud 5 | nee | nee | ja | nee | A2 | oregano | A study was conducted with 120 female early maturing turkeys to test the effect of dietary dried oregano leaves ( Origanum vulgare subsp. hirtum ) on body weight (BW), feed intake (FI), feed conversion efficiency (FCE), carcase characteristics and serum cholesterol concentration. Dried oregano leaves had a content of 3·6?ml essential oils/100?g, while the carvacrol content was 855?g/kg of the total essential oils.From 1 to 84?d of age, the turkeys were fed on 4 diets varying in oregano content (OR0, no oregano—control; OR45, 1·25?g oregano/kg; OR90, 2·5?g oregano/kg; OR135, 3·75?g oregano/kg). Birds were given feed and water ad libitum .BW was unaffected by oregano throughout the experiment. |
| Braden KW | Blanton JR jr., Montgomery JL, Santen E van, Allen VG, Miller MF | Tasco supplementation: Effects on carcass characteristics, sensory attributes, and retail display shelf-life | Journal of Animal Science | 2007 | 85:754-68 | klin stud 5 | ja | nee | nee | nee | J, A2 | Tasco | Two hundred crossbred cattle (Bos indicus x Bos taurus) were supplemented with 2% Tasco (Ascophyllum nodosum) in a commercial finishing facility to evaluate marbling score, USDA quality grade, sensory traits, and retail display shelf life. Treatment animals (n = 100) received a steam-rolled corn (Zea mays)-based diet containing 2% Tasco meal (DM basis), for 14 d beginning at d 45 of the finishing period and again 14 d before slaughter. Control animals (n = 100) received a steam-rolled corn (Zea mays)-based diet without Tasco at identical feeding periods. Carcasses from Tasco-fed cattle exhibited greater marbling scores (P = 0.003) than controls. |
| Benoit B | Pamo ET, A-Ndukum J, Tendongkeng F, Kana J-R, Tapondjou LA, Fongang MD | Acaricidal activity of essential oils from leaves of Chromolaena odorata (L.) King & Robins., Eucalyptus saligna Smith. and Chenopodium ambrosiodes on ticks (Rhipicephalus lunulatus Neumann, 1907) of the West African Dwarf goat in Cameroon | BSAS Ethnoveterinary Medicine Conference | 2006 | B | nee | nee | nee | ja | P | Chromolaena odorata, Eucalyptus saligna en Chenopodium ambrosiodes | in vitro studie | |
| Bioiberica | A study of the effect of digestarom 1313 on the health and productivity of lambs | Bioiberica2004 | 2004 | klin stud 3 | nee | nee | nee | ja | A2 | Digestarom | CD rom beschikbaar via importeur (Speerstra) | ||
| Böhmer BM | Paulicks BR, Roth/Maier DA | Echinacea purpurea als Futterzusatz bei Schwein und Geflügel | 4. BOKU-Symposium Tierernährung - Tierernährung ohne antibiotische Leistungsförderer | 2005 | 120-125 | klin stud 4 | nee | ja | ja | nee | A2, J | Echinacea purpurea | http://www.boku.ac.at/tte-symposium/Tagungsband/BOKU_Symposium_2005.pdf |
| Bozkurt M | Baser KHC | The effects of commercial organic acid, probiotic and essential oil mixture at two levels on the performance of broilers | 1st European Symposium Bioactive Secondary Plant Products in Veterinary Medicine | 2002 | klin stud 4 | nee | nee | ja | nee | A2, A4 | Herbromix | ||
| Bozkurt M | Baser KHC | The effect of antibiotic, mannan oligosaccharide and essential oil mixture on the laying hen performance | 1st European Symposium Bioactive Secondary Plant Products in Veterinary Medicine | 2002 | klin stud 4 | nee | nee | ja | nee | A2, A4 | Heryumix | ||
| Brinkman M | Gezondheidszorg in de biologische varkenshouderij - Biologische varkenshouder wordt in het diepe gegooid! | scriptie Silverlinde Breda | 2003 | klin stud 4 | nee | ja | nee | nee | A2 | pau d'arco (los kruid, J. Hooij) | Kleine proefgroep; geen resultaat zichtbaar. | ||
| Bunge Meat Ind. | The use of digestarom to increase the body's own enzyme production in piglets | Digestarom CD-Rom | 2001 | piglet 151 | klin stud 3 | nee | ja | nee | nee | A2 | Digestarom | CD rom beschikbaar via importeur (Speerstra) | |
| Buragohain J | Dutta GN | Comparative efficacy of mastitis detection strips in diagnosis of bovine subclinical mastitis | Ind. Vet. J. | 1998 | 75, Aug., 736-737 | klin stud 5 | ja | nee | nee | nee | G | Mastilep | The study was conducted with a view to compare the efficacy of Mastitis Detection Strips (MDS) with MCMT, MAMP and Somatic Cell Count (SCC). Out of 50 lactating cows, 28 cows were found positive for Sub Clinical Mastitis in one or more of the tests. The average SCC of the infected animals was 12.5 x 105 cells/ml. ranging from 5 x 105 to 20 x 105 cells/ml. The MDS test results showed that 21 cows were positive and seven other cows, showing positive for Subclinical Mastitis (SCM) in one or more of the above tests, were negative for SCM. The agreement of positivity of milk samples by MDS test was 75%, 100%, 89% with SCC, MCMT and MAMP respectively. |
| Buragohain J | Dutta GN | Evaluation of an externally applied herbal gel for the treatment of bovine subclinical mastitis | Indian Vet J. | 1998 | 75, Aug., 1998: 734-735 | klin stud 5 | ja | nee | nee | nee | G | Mastilep | Twenty eight lactating cows, suffering from sub-clinical mastitis were subjected to various prevalent treatment regimes for the cure of mastitis. Amongst them, 10, 4, 5 & 3 animals were treated with Mastilep topical application, Pendistrin-SH, Tilox and Gentamicin intra-mammary infusions, respectively. Six of the affected cows were maintained as untreated control. Cure rate of Mastilep treatment was 100%. There was no incidence of the disease in the treated animals even 14 days, post treatment whereas no improvement was evidenced by means of indirect tests in control animals. The result were comparable to the other therapies used for the treatment. Mastilep had the ease of topical application and there was no danger of residual effect of antibiotic resistance. |
| Burt S | Reinders RD | Antibacterial activity of selected plant essential oils against Escherichia coli O157 | Lett. Appl. Microbiol | 2003 | H736:162-7 | B | nee | nee | ja | nee | vluchtige olie oregano | VO van O. vulgare was in deze studie vergelijkbaar in activiteit met VO van tijm (Thymus vulgaris; rode en kleurloze variant), VO van kruidnagel (Syzygium aromaticum) en West-Indische Bay-boom of Bay-rumboom (Pimenta racemosa) waren minder actief. | |
| Busquet M | Calsamiglia S, Ferret A, Kamel C | Plant extracts affect in vitro rumen microbial fermentation | J Dairy Sci. | 2006 | Feb;89(2):761-71 | B | ja | ja | ja | ja | anise oil, cade oil, capsicum oil, cinnamon oil, clove bud oil, dill oil, fenugreek, garlic oil, ginger oil, oregano oil, tea tree oil, yucca | Different doses of 12 plant extracts and 6 secondary plant metabolites were incubated for 24 h in diluted ruminal fluid with a 50:50 forage:concentrate diet. Treatments were: control (no additive), plant extracts (anise oil, cade oil, capsicum oil, cinnamon oil, clove bud oil, dill oil, fenugreek, garlic oil, ginger oil, oregano oil, tea tree oil, and yucca), and secondary plant metabolites (anethol, benzyl salicylate, carvacrol, carvone, cinnamaldehyde, and eugenol). Each treatment was supplied at 3, 30, 300, and 3,000 mg/L of culture fluid. At 3,000 mg/L, most treatments decreased total volatile fatty acid concentration, but cade oil, capsicum oil, dill oil, fenugreek, ginger oil, and yucca had no effect. | |
| Cantos E | Espin JC, Lopez-Bote C, de la Hoz L, Ordonez JA, Tomas-Barberan FA | Phenolic compounds and fatty acids from acorns (Quercus spp.), the main dietary constituent of free-ranged Iberian pigs | J. Agric. Food Chem. | 2003 | 51(21):6248-55 | B | nee | ja | nee | nee | eikels | The aim of the present work was to identify and quantify the phenolic compounds and fatty acids in acorns from Quercus ilex, Quercus rotundifolia, and Quercus suber. The concentration of oleic acid was >63% of total fatty acids in all cases, followed by palmitic and linoleic acids at similar concentrations (12-20%). The concentrations of -tocopherol in Q. rotundifolia, Q. ilex, and Q. suber were 19, 31, and 38 mg/kg of dry matter (DM), respectively, whereas the concentrations of -tocopherol were 113, 66, and 74 mg/kg of DM, respectively. Thirty-two different phenolic compounds were distinguished. All of them were gallic acid derivatives, in the form of either galloyl esters of glucose, combinations of galloyl and hexahydroxydiphenoyl esters of glucose, tergallic O- or C-glucosides, or ellagic acid derivatives. | |
| Cerpentier K | Coenen H, Aerts J, Fremaut D | Hebben plantenextracten een functie in de biggenvoeding? | Landbouw & Techniek | 1999 | nr 6, 26-3:18-19 | klin stud 4 | nee | ja | nee | nee | A2 | Enteroguard | |
| Chandler DS | Mynott TL | Bromelain protects piglets from diarrhoea caused by oral challenge in the K88 positive enterotoxigenic Escherichia Coli | Gut | 1998 | 43, 196-202 | klin stud 5 | nee | ja | nee | nee | A1, A2, J | bromelaine (ananas) | Bromelaine uit ananas extract bleek in een dierproef effectief de diarree geïnduceerd door experimentele infectie met enterotoxische E. Coli bij gespeende biggen te verminderen en de voeropname te verhogen. Bromelaine bleek de K88 receptor tijdelijk te blokkeren. |
| Chatterjee S | Asimill - a herbal antioxidant, anti-stress and adaptogen - a review | Indian J. Indg. Med | 1994 | 11(1)October | sec | nee | ja | ja | nee | N | Asimill | ||
| Chen YC | Nakthong C, Chen TC | Improvement of laying hen performance by dietary prebiotic chicory oligofructose and inulin | American Journal of Clinical Nutrition | 1997 | 69:1046S-1051S | klin stud 5 | nee | nee | ja | nee | A4 | cichoria (preb) | Sixty White Leghorn hens (57 wk of age) were selected and divided randomly into three groups with two birds per cage. Twenty birds were assigned to each of the following diet treatments: 1) basal diet (control); 2) basal diet with 1.0% (w/w) of an oligofructose-type commercial prebiotic supplementation (Raftifeed®OPS); and 3) basal diet containing 1.0% (w/w) inulin, which was administered as 1.3% (w/w) of a semipurified chicory root extract (Raftifeed®IPE). The feeding trial lasted for 28 d. Oligofructose and inulin increased (P<0.05) weekly egg production by 13.35% and 10.73%, respectively as compared to the control. The rapidly fermented (cecum) oligofructose and the slowly fermented inulin also increased (P<0.05) cumulative weekly egg weight per bird by 12.50% and 10.96%, respectively, as compared to the control. |
| Chiasson H | Belanger A, Bostonian N, Vincent C, Poliquin A | Acaricidal properties of Artemisia absinthium and Tanacetum vulgare (Asteraceae) essential oils obtained by three methods of extraction | J. Econ. Entomol | 2001 | 94(1):167-71 | B | ja | ja | ja | ja | Artemisia absinthium and Tanacetum vulgare (Asteraceae) essential oils | Essential oils of Artemisia absinthium L. and Tanacetum vulgare L. were extracted by three methods, a microwave assisted process (MAP), distillation in water (DW) and direct steam distillation (DSD), and tested for their relative toxicity as contact acaricides to the two spotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae Koch. All three extracts of A. absinthium and of T. vulgare were lethal to the spider mite but to variable degrees. The LC50 obtained from the DSD oil of A. absinthium was significantly lower (0.04 mg/cm2) than that of the MAP (0.13 mg/cm2) and DW (0.13 mg/cm2) oil of this plant species. DSD and DW extracts of T. | |
| Cho KH | Lee NS, Lee WC | The effect of essential oil from Oreganum Vulgaris (Ropadiar) as alternative for antibiotics on growth performance of weanded pigs in practical condition of Korea | Report Feed R&D team TS Corporation incheon Korea | 2003 | klin st 3 | nee | ja | nee | nee | A2 | Ropadiar (oregano olie) | Rapport via leverancier | |
| Cross DE | Acamovic T, McDevitt RM | Effects of the inclusion of Thymus vulgaris L. oil in diets with and without enzymes, on nutrient digestibility in broilers | Br Poult Sci. | 2004 | Apr;45 Suppl 1:S22-3 | klin stud 5 | nee | nee | ja | nee | A2 | thyme oil | The effects of organic diets, with or without supplements of betaine, saponin, fructo-oligosaccharide and methionine, on the health, performance and gut flora of pullets were investigated. A comparison was also made between birds fed organic diets and those fed a non-organic diet. Day-old Lohmann Tradition pullets were reared in 24 groups of 64 chicks indoors until 11 weeks, and then in 48 groups of 24 to 27 chicks with access to range until 17 weeks of age. Groups of birds were fed one of eight diets, a conventional rearing diet with supplementary amino acids, an organic basal diet, organic basal plus methionine and organic basal supplemented with one of the test ingredients. |
| Cross DE | McDevitt RM, Acamovic T | Phytochemicals in broiler diets and their effect on nutrient digestibility at 21 days of age | Br Poult Sci. | 2004 | Apr;45 Suppl 1:S49-50 | klin st 5 | nee | nee | ja | nee | A2 | tannine | |
| Damme K | Phytogenic additives may improve egg production | Digestarom CD-Rom | 2001 | laying hens 51; uit: Feedstuffs, vol. 73-37 | klin stud 4 | nee | nee | ja | nee | A2 | Digestarom | CD rom beschikbaar via importeur (Speerstra) | |
| Das SN | Acute toxicity of IHP-250C (powder) | 2000 | 3-8-2006 | B | nee | nee | ja | nee | IHP-250C (Zicomill) | ||||
| Deka | et al. | Efficacy of Mastilep in subclinical mastitis in dairy cows | Indian J. Vet. Med. | 2000 | 20(2):101 | klin stud 5 | ja | nee | nee | nee | G | Mastilep | http://www.ayurvet.com, zoek op productnaam |
| Deka | et al. | Evaluation of non-antibiotic herbal therapy in prevention of subclinical mastitis | Technical Symposium on Dairy “Mastitis and Milk Quality” | 2002 | 3rd IDFT Expo 2002, Delhi | klin stud 4 | ja | nee | nee | nee | G | Mastilep | http://www.ayurvet.com, zoek op productnaam |
| Desai VE | Bijwal DL, Sadekar RD, Mage SH | Comparative Therapeutic Efficacy of Magnesium Carbonate And Ruchamax In Experimentally Induced Acid Indigestion With Reference to Biochemical Changes | Deptt. of Vety. Medicine | Dr. Krishividyapeeth, Akola | klin stud 4 | ja | nee | nee | nee | A3 | Ruchamax | Therapeutic trials of Mg Co3, Ruchamax & combination of both were undertaken in groups of calves induced with acid indigestion. Comparison of biochemical studies, plasma tricarbonate & lactic acid levels revealed that combined therapy of Magnesium carbonate with Ruchamax was beneficial for early recovery of the calves from lactic acidosis. | |
| Digestarom | Influence of digestarom 1319 on the digestion of dairy cows | Digestarom CD-Rom | 2003 | klin stud 3 | ja | nee | nee | nee | A2 | Digestarom | CD rom beschikbaar via importeur (Speerstra) | ||
| Docic M | Bilkei G | Differences in antibiotic resistance in Escherichia coli, isolated from East-European swine herds with or without prophylactic use of antibiotics | J. Vet. Med. B | 2003 | 50:27-30 | klin st 5 | nee | ja | nee | nee | J | OregpigÒ | Toevoeging van Oregpig aan het gewone voer (2 g/kg) van biggen en zeugen (n = 21) voorkomt / vermindert de vorming antibiotica-resistente E. coli-stammen (O139:K88) |
| Donovan DC | Hippen AR | Effect van melkvervangers met antibiotica of Enteroguard | J. Dairy Science | 2002 | 85:947-950 | klin stud 5 | ja | nee | nee | nee | A2, J | Enteroguard | De onderzoekers testen het effect van melkvervangers waaraan respectievelijke antibiotica of Enteroguard was toegevoegd op de groei en ontwikkeling van kalveren. Kunstmelk A bevatte 138 mg/kg oxytetracycline en 276 mg/kg neomycine en kunstmelk B een mengsel (totaal 129 mg/kg). Dit mengsel bestond uit prebiotica (FOS, fructooligosacchariden), allicine en probiotica (levende microben bij voorkeur Bifidobacterium pseudolongum en Lactobacillus acidophilus). Allicine is een bestanddeel van knoflook en dat belemmert de groei van schimmels en virale ziekten. Fructooligosacchariden worden alleen afgebroken door bifido- en lactobacteriën. De melkvervangers werden verstrekt vanaf de geboorte tot 5 weken en de groei/dag en het optreden van diarree werd geregistreerd. |
| Dorhoi A | Dobrean V, Zahan M, Virag P | Modulatory effects of several herbal extracts on avian peripheral blood cell immune responses | Phytother Res. | 2006 | May;20(5):352-8 | klin stud 5 | nee | nee | ja | nee | I, J | Allium sativum, Glycyrrhiza glabra, Plantago major, Hippophae rhamnoides | Standardized ethanol extracts of Allium sativum (garlic), Glycyrrhiza glabra (licorice), Plantago major (plantain) and Hippophae rhamnoides (sea buckthorn) were assessed for their effects on cellular immunity in laying hens. Birds (n = 25) had blood samples taken and both specific and non-specific immune cell responsiveness were evaluated by a leukocyte proliferation assay, carbon clearance test and SRBC phagocytosis in monocyte-derived macrophage cultures. Licorice and sea buckthorn (50 microg/mL) clearly enhanced the macrophage membrane function (p < 0.05 and p < 0.01, respectively). Dual effects on circulating phagocytes were revealed for plantain and sea buckthorn, while garlic at 200 microg/mL impaired the phagocytic capacity of blood cells. |
| Doyle ME | Alternatives to antibiotic use for growth promotion in animal husbandry | FRI briefings | 2001 | April | klin stud 5 | nee | ja | nee | nee | A2 | brandnetel, knoflook, tarwegras | Een kruidenmix bestaande uit brandnetel, knoflook en tarwegras zou de groei en voederconversie bevorderen. Zie ook: http://www.wisc.edu/fri/briefs/antibiot.pdf | |
| Duffy CF | Malaguido A, Nollet L, Power RF | Effects of Natustat supplementation on performance, feed efficiency and intestinal lesion scores of broiler chickens challenged with Eimeria acervulina, Eimeria maxima and Eimeria tenella | IXth International Coccidiosis Conference | 2005 | 168 | klin stud 4 | nee | nee | ja | nee | P | Natustat | The effects of dietary supplementation of Natustat, a propriety plant derived product (Alltech Inc., KY, USA) and Salinomycin, on performance, feed efficiency and intestinal lesion scores were observed during two Eimeria challenge trials in broiler chickens. In the first trial chickens were challenged with Eimeria sp. via infecting the litter with a known amount of Eimeria oocysts. In the second trial the source of the Eimeria challenge was the litter from the first trial and the same treatment groups were assigned to the same pens as in the initial trial. Birds were placed 55 per pen with seven pens per treatment. |
| Duffy CF | Sims MD, Power RF | Comparison of dietary monensin, nitarsone or Natustat for control of Cochlosoma anatis, an intestinal protozoan parasite, during coccidial infection in turkeys | Poult Sci. | 2005 | 14:554-559 | klin stud 5 | nee | nee | ja | nee | P | Natustat | An emerging turkey problem involves poor performance, reduced BW, increased feed conversion ratios (FCR), and enteritis caused by the flagellated protozoan Cochlosoma anatis. A 21-d litter pen trial evaluated the effects of dietary Monensin, Nitarsone, and Natustat using female poults given a coccidial challenge (5 cm of new litter topped with 2.5 cm of used litter with Eimeria oocysts present) and C. anatis inoculation (individual dosing at d 14). The treatments were as follows: unchallenged, control (CON); challenged, control (cCON); challenged, Nitarsone (cNIT) at 0.1875 kg/tonne; challenged, Monensin (cMON) at 0.0794 kg/tonne; challenged, Natustat (cNAT) at 1.925 kg/tonne. The average weight was 55 g at placement, and stocking density was 0.074 m2/bird. |
| Duffy CF | Brooks P | Using Yucca schidigera in pig diets: effects on nitrogen metabolism | http://www.engormix.com | 2007 | klin stud 4 | nee | ja | nee | nee | A3 | De-odorase (Yucca schidigera) | Data indicates that supplementation of pig diets with De-Odorase can result in beneficial effects on nitrogen metabolism in the animal and support previous studies reporting positive environmental benefits resulting from the use of Y. schidigera extracts. If improvements of this magnitude can be repeated under commercial conditions they could be of considerable economic benefit to the pig producer. Zie ook http://www.engormix.com | |
| Durmic Z | Buller NB, Vercoe PE | Antibacterial effect of Australian plant extracts and essental oils on clinical isolates associated with diarrhoea in ruminants | BSAS Ethnoveterinary Medicine Conference | 2006 | B | ja | nee | nee | nee | 20 plantextracten, 9 essentiële oliën | in vitro studie | ||
| Dwivedi SK | Evaluation of indigenous herbs as antitrypanosomal agents | http://www.vetwork.org.uk | 2004 | B | ja | ja | ja | ja | 23 indigenous medicinal plants | Of the 23 plants tested, fresh juice and aqueous and alcoholic extracts of Xanthium strumarium leaves and Parthenium hysterophorus flowers, aqueous and alcoholic extracts of Nyctanthes arbortristis leaves, and alcoholic extracts of Aristolochia indica stems revealed 100% trypanocidal activity in vitro (Table 2). The alcoholic extracts of Xanthium strumarium leaves, Parthenium hysterophorus flower and Nyctanthes arbortristis leaves were also found effective in vivo at dosages of 100 and 300 mg/kg body weight. Aristolochia indica, however, while 100% effective in vitro, did not reveal any antitrypanosomal activity when tested in infected mice. Other plants exhibiting mild to moderate trypanocidal activity in vitro included root, bark, and leaves of Azadirachta indica, leaves of Cassia occidentalis and Hydrocotyle asiatica, rhizomes of Cyperus rotundus, seeds of Cannabis indica, stem bark of Holarrhena dysenterica and leaves of Ocimum sanctum. | |||
| Esquenet Ch | Bragg R, Barbour E | Evaluation of the immunomodulating capacity of orally administrated microdoses of a combination of Echinacea extracts and its safety in the control of E.coli infections in commercial poultry | Congresabstract | 2006 | 2 | nee | nee | ja | nee | A3 | Colinex (echinacea) | ||
| Fernandez TJ | The potential of Tinospora rumphii as an anthelmintic against H. contortus in goats | http://www.vetwork.org.uk | 2004 | klin stud 4 | nee | nee | nee | ja | P | Tinospora rumphii | The results of this and previous studies showed that the crude extract of T. rumphii given at a dose of 40 ml/kg body weight significantly reduced the number of worm eggs in the faeces of naturally infected goats. The LD50 of the plant drug was 7.95 g/kg body weight and the ED50 4.5 g/kg body weight. Based on the reduction of the number of eggs per gram faeces after treatment and the number of adult worms recovered at necropsy, it can be concluded that the extract of T. rumphii is as active as the commercial dewormer it was compared to. | ||
| Fledderus J | Bikker P | Effect of Caromic on growth performance and faecal consistency in weaned piglets | Schothorst Feed Reasearch | 2006 | klin stud 4 | nee | ja | nee | nee | A1, A2, J | Caromic | Rapport via leverancier | |
| Foltys V | Bobcek R, Kirchnerova K, Straka I | Effect of Sel-Plex supplementation on milk selenium and somatic cell counts in a commercial dairy herd | Poster, RIAP | 2006 | Nitra, Slovakia | klin stud 3 | ja | ja | ja | ja | G | Sel-Plex (organisch selenium) | Field trials with a selenium yeast supplement (Sel-Plex™, Alltech Biotechnology Inc., Nicholasville, KY) were conducted during 2003 and 2004 in 14 commercial dairy herds. Days in milk (DIM), milk production, and composition were collected from downloaded Dairy Herd Improvement (DHI) test records. Fat-corrected (FCM) and energy-corrected milk (ECM) were calculated from milk yield and composition measurements. The dataset included 1444 cows with two consecutive DHI tests and initial DIM>30. After the first monthly DHI test, Sel-Plex was included in the diet to provide 0.3 ppm added Se (DM basis) and replaced inorganic selenium. Cows were fed Sel-Plex, on average, for 20 d before the second monthly DHI test. |
| Friendship B | Swine research at Guelph: Exploring alternatives to antibiotics | London Swine Conference | 2002 | klin stud 4 | nee | ja | nee | nee | A2 | The era of antibiotics in livestock feed for growth promotion and control of enteric disease may be coming to an end. In order to prepare for this possible development, researchers at the University of Guelph have been exploring a wide range of possible alternative approaches. These include genetic selection for disease resistance, genetic modification so that animals produce antimicrobial factors, and other methods of immune stimulation. As well, we are studying ways to modify the diet that encourages beneficial bacteria and discourages pathogens, and additions to the diet of beneficial bacteria or immunoglobulins to provide passive protection. This paper examines specific work relating to alternative approaches to control of postweaning E. | |||
| Gaag M van der | Eijck I Schuurman T, Borgsteede F, Gaasenbeek C | Kruiden effectief bij bestrijding wormen | Praktijkrapport WUR | 2004 | PkV juni 2004 | klin stud 4 | nee | ja | nee | nee | P | tijm, citroenmelisse, zonnehoed mengsel | Op het Praktijkcentrum Raalte is de werking van een kruidenmengsel getest bij vleesvarkens die kunstmatig besmet waren met infectieuze eieren van de varkens-spoelworm, Ascaris suum. Een deel van de varkens kreeg 1 % of 5 % kruiden in het voer. Het bleek dat de varkens die 5 % kruiden kregen na besmetting geen wormeieren uitscheidden en er werden bij de slacht geen wormen in de darm aangetroffen. Deze groep had tevens een betere groei dan varkens die geen of minder kruiden kregen. |
| Gaag M van der | Eijck I Schuurman T, Borgsteede F, Gaasenbeek C | Beloftevolle kruiden slaan in vervolgproef niet aan | Praktijkrapport WUR | 2005 | V-focus, febr 2005 | klin stud 4 | nee | ja | nee | nee | P | tijm, citroenmelisse, zonnehoed mengsel | In 2003 in een proef op praktijkcentrum Raalte bleek een kruidenmengsel van tijm, citroenmelisse en zonnehoed effectief bij een besmetting van vleesvarkens met de spoelworm Ascaris suum. In 2004 vond vervolgonderzoek plaats bij biologische varkens. Nu werd er geen gunstig effect van kruiden vastgesteld. |
| Galipalli S | Gadiyaram KM, Kouakou B, Terrill TH, Kannan G | Physiological responses to preslaughter transportation stress in Tasco-supplemented Boer goats | South African Journal of Animal Science | 2004 | 34 (Supplement 1) | klin stud 5 | nee | nee | nee | ja | N | Tasco | Tasco seaweed (Ascophyllum nodosum) supplementation is known to increase antioxidant activity and immune response in farm animals, but its effects have not been adequately studied in goats. This study was conducted to determine the effects of Tasco feed supplementation on stress responses in transported goats. Mature uncastrated Boer goats were fed a lucerne pellet diet and a Tasco supplement either with (Treatment) or without (Control) seaweed extract (2% of daily intake) for eight weeks (n=16/treatment group). The animals were transported 6 h to impose stress, held in pens overnight without feed and slaughtered on two different days. Blood samples were collected via jugular venipuncture, before (0 h) and after transportation (6 h) and after overnight holding (24 h) to assess stress responses. |
| Gathuma JM | Mbaria JM, Wanyama J, et al | Efficacy of Myrsine africana, Albezia anthelmintica and Hilderbrantia sepalosa herbal remedies against mixed natural sheep helminthosis in Samburu District, Kenya | J Ethnopharmacol | 2004 | 91:7-12 | klin stud 5 | nee | nee | nee | ja | P | Myrsine africana, Albezia anthelmintica and Hilderbrantia sepalosa | Traditional livestock healers from Samburu and Turkana communities in Samburu District of Kenya were identified and recruited for participation in this study. Sheep with mixed gastrointestinal helminthosis were purchased from nomadic livestock owners in the area. Three herbal anthelmintic remedies, viz. Myrsine africana, Albizia anthelmintica and Hilderbrantia sepalosa were administered in the traditional way by the healers and their efficacy determined using percent fecal egg count reduction (percent FECR) test. The results indicate that all the herbal remedies had some efficacy against both nematodes and Monezia species of helminths. The group effect against nematodes was significantly different (P=0.002). Compared to an untreated control group, the efficacy against nematodes was 77, 89.8 and 90% for Myrsine afriacana, Albizia antihelmintica and Hilderbrantia sepalosa, respectively, while albendazole had 100% efficacy. |
| Giannenas I | Florou-Paneri P, Papazahariadou M, Christaki E, Botsoglou NA, Spais AB | Effect of dietary supplementation with oregano essential oil on performance of broilers after experimental infection with Eimeria tenella | Arch Tierernahr. | 2003 | 57(2);99-106 | klin stud 5 | nee | nee | ja | nee | P | oregano essential oil | A study was carried out to examine the effect of dietary supplementation of oregano essential oil on performance of broiler chickens experimentally infected with Eimeria tenella at 14 days of age. A total of 120 day-old Cobb-500 chicks separated into 4 equal groups with three replicates each, were used in this study. Two groups, one infected with 5·104 sporulated oocysts of E. tenella and the other not, were given a basal diet and served as controls. The other two groups also infected with E. tenella were administered diets supplemented with oregano essential oil at a level of 300 mg/kg, or with the anticoccidial lasalocid at 75 mg/kg. |
| Githiori JB | Hoglund J, Waller PJ, Baker RL | Anthelmic activity of preparations derived from Myrsine africana and Rapanea melanophloeos against nematode parasite, Haemonchus contortus, of sheep | J Ethnopharmacol | 2002 | 80:187-191 | klin stud 5 | nee | nee | nee | ja | P | Myrsine africana, Rapanea melanophloeos | Myrsine africana L. and Rapanea melanophloeos L. belong to the plant family Myrsinaceae. Various rural communities in Kenya, such as smallholder farmers and pastoralists, use them to treat their livestock. The anthelmintic effects/activities of leaves and fruits of M. africana and fruits of R. melanophloeos were tested in sheep experimentally infected with the nematode parasite Haemonchus contortus. Male lambs were infected with 3000-5000 third stage larvae of H. contortus and treated 28 days after inoculation with concoctions made from leaves or fruits of the plants. No significant reduction in faecal nematode egg counts was observed with any of the concoctions at any of the doses tested. |
| Githiori JB | Hoglund J, Waller PJ, Baker RL | Evaluation of anthelmintic properties of some plants used as live dewormers against Haemonchus contortus infections in sheep | Parasitology | 2004 | 129(Pt 2):245-253 | klin stud 5 | nee | nee | nee | ja | P | plant preparations of Hagenia abyssinica, Olea europaea var. africana, Annona squamosa, Ananas comosus, Dodonea angustifolia, Hildebrandtia sepalosa and Azadirachta indica | Gastrointestinal helminth infections remain a major constraint to livestock production globally. This study evaluated anthelmintic efficacy of 7 plants used as dewormers by farmers and pastoralists in Kenya. Thus 3 commercial anthelmintics and 7 plant preparations were tested in lambs infected with 5000 or 3000 L3 Haemonchus contortus in 4 experiments. In the first experiment, ivermectin, levamisole and albendazole were tested in 46 lambs. Seven plant preparations of Hagenia abyssinica, Olea europaea var. africana, Annona squamosa, Ananas comosus, Dodonea angustifolia, Hildebrandtia sepalosa and Azadirachta indica were tested in 151 lambs in 3 experiments. All 3 anthelminitics were highly effective in reducing faecal egg counts (FEC) and total worm counts (TWC) in lambs. |
| Gläser KR | Perner J, Asamer A, Bogaerts D, Geysen D | Effects of the phytogenic feed additive AROMEX ME Plus on growth performance and carcass characteristics in pigs | 4. BOKU-Symposium Tierernährung - Tierernährung ohne antibiotische Leistungsförderer | 2005 | 102-106 | klin stud 3 | nee | ja | nee | nee | A2 | AROMEX ME Plus | http://www.boku.ac.at/tte-symposium/Tagungsband/BOKU_Symposium_2005.pdf |
| Gollnisch K | et al. | Effects of various essential oils on the performance of piglets | Proc. Soc. Nutr. Physiol | 2001 | 10:155-155 | klin stud 5 | nee | ja | nee | nee | A2 | vluchtige olie oregano, Kassia-kaneel en kruidnagel | Toevoeging van de VO van O. vulgare aan het gewone voer (100 mg/kg) van biggen (n = 30) heeft geen enkel effect op de groei en dagelijkse voedselopname; ook de VO van kruidnagel (Syzygium aromaticum) en de VO van Kassia-kaneel (Cinnamomum cassia), in dezelfde dosering gegeven, alleen of in combinatie met de andere VO’s, had geen effect. |
| Gracia MI | Morales J, Pickard J, Sanchez J, Baucells F | Efficacy of mannan oligosaccharides (MOS) supplementation of sows and piglet diets on performance of weaned piglets | J. Anim. Sci. | 2004 | (suppl)1:139-140 | klin stud 5 | nee | ja | nee | nee | A4 | ||
| Greathead H | Plants and plant extracts for improving animal productivity | Proc Nutr Soc | 2003, mei | 62(2):279-90 | sec | ja | ja | ja | ja | ||||
| Green EKS | Robertson JF, Allan EJ | The effect of different dry cow therapy treatments on milk quality in a dairy herd undergoing organic conversion | British Mastitis Conference Garstang | 2003 | 127-129 | klin stud 4 | ja | nee | nee | nee | G | Cinnatube | There was no clinical mastitis, (0/51 cows) in the trial group. Mastitic organisms were recovered, with 7 instances of S. aureus and 1 instance of coliforms. All S. aureus isolates were recovered in week 1 after calving (P< 0.01). Week 5 had a significant effect on Strep. spp. (P < 0.001) with significant differences between treatments. The organic treatment had reduced Strep. isolates (P<0.001) compared with the other treatments. Mean group SCCs were highest at week 1 for the Org group (P<0.001). SCCs were reduced by week 5, with no significant differences between treatments. Main herd incidence of mastitis was 32% (38/120 cows) during the trial. |
| Groot JP de | Overzicht Digestarom 1311 in witvleeskalveren | ongepubl | 2002 | klin stud 3 | ja | nee | nee | nee | A2 | Digestarom 1311 | |||
| Groot JP de | Biggenproef: Het toevoegen van AMGB vervangers aan biggenvoeders | ongepubl | 2002 | klin st 3 | nee | ja | nee | nee | A2, A4 | Digestarom 1322 en Intybo | |||
| Guha C | Majumdar P, Pramanik AK | Field trials of IHP-250C (Zicomill) against coccidosis in broiler chicks | Indian J. Indg. Med | 1991 | 8, 29-32 | klin stud 4 | nee | nee | ja | nee | J, P | IHP-250C (Zicomill) | |
| Guo FC | Williams BA, Kwakkel RP, Verstegen MW. | In vitro fermentation characteristics of two mushroom species, an herb, and their polysaccharide fractions, using chicken cecal contents as inoculum | Poult Sci. | 2003 | Oct;82(10):1608-15 | B | nee | nee | ja | nee | Lentinus edodes, Tremella fuciformis | In vitro fermentabilities of two mushrooms (Lentinus edodes--LenS; Tremella fuciformis--TreS), an herb (Astragalus membranaceus--AstS), and their polysaccharide fractions (LenE, TreE, and AstE) were investigated using microflora from chicken ceca. Polysaccharides were extracted using the hot water method. The mushrooms had lower polysaccharide yields (8 to 10%) than the herb (31%). Fermentation kinetics were determined using the in vitro cumulative gas production technique. End-products, such as gas, volatile fatty acids (VFA), and ammonia, were also determined. The gas profiles of intact materials were similar for AstS and LenS. The TreS had a diphasic digestion pattern. The extracts had similar profiles to the intact materials though gas production rates were faster. | |
| Guo FC | Mushroom and herb polysaccharides as alternative for antimicrobial growth | Proefschrift | 2003 | klin stud 4 | nee | nee | ja | nee | A2 | Lentinus edodes, Tremella fuciformis, Astragalus membranaceus | Antibiotics are widely used as therapeutics agents and also as growth promoters in poultry production. The possibility of developing resistant populations of bacteria and the side effects of using antibiotics as growth promoters in the farm animals has led to the recent EU-ban on the use of several antibiotics as growth promoters in poultry diets. Therefore, there is an intensive search for alternatives such as probiotics, prebiotics and other feed additives. Immuno-active polysaccharides derived from two mushrooms, Tremella fuciformis (TreS) and Lentinus edodes (LenS), and the herb Astragalus membranacea Radix (AstS), seem to be potential alternatives for antimicrobial growth and health promoters. | ||
| Guo FC | Kwakkel RP, Williams BA, Li WK, Li HS, Luo JY, Li XP, Wei YX, Yan ZT, Verstegen MW. | Effects of mushroom and herb polysaccharides, as alternatives for an antibiotic, on growth performance of broilers | Br Poult Sci. | 2004 | Oct;45(5):684-94 | klin stud 5 | nee | nee | ja | nee | A2 | Lentinus edodes, Tremella fuciformis, Astragalus membranaceus | (1) This in vivo trial was conducted to study the effects of polysaccharide extracts of two mushrooms, Lentinus edodes (LenE) and Tremella fuciformis (TreE), and a herb, Astragalus membranaceus (AstE) on growth performance, and the weights of organs and the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) of broiler chickens. (2) Three extracts (LenE, TreE and AstE) were supplemented at inclusion rates of 0.5, 1, 2, 3 and 4 g/kg from 7 to 14 d of age and compared with an antibiotic treatment group (20 mg/kg, virginiamycin (VRG) as well as a group of non-supplemented birds. (3) Body weight (BW) gain, feed intake and feed conversion ratio (FCR) of the extract-supplemented groups were not significantly different from those of the antibiotic group. |
| Guo FC | Kwakkel RP, Williams BA, Parmentier HK, Li WK, Yang ZQ, Verstegen MW. | Effects of mushroom and herb polysaccharides on cellular and humoral immune responses of Eimeria tenella-infected chickens | Poult Sci. | 2004 | Jul;83(7):1124-32 | klin stud 5 | nee | nee | ja | nee | P, I, J | Astragalus membranaceus, Lentinus edodes | We investigated the effects of polysaccharide extracts from 2 mushrooms, Lentinus edodes (LenE) and Tremella fuciformis (TreE), and an herb, Astragalus membranaceus (AstE), on cellular and humoral immune responses of Eimeria tenella-infected chickens. A total of 150 broiler chicks were assigned to 5 treatment groups: 3 groups were infected with E. tenella and fed with extracts (LenE, TreE, and AstE), and 2 control groups were infected with or without E. tenella. The 3 extracts were given at the level of 1 g/kg of the diet from 8 to 14 d of age. Specific systemic and cecum mucosal antibody production, proliferation of splenocytes, and peripheral T and B lymphocytes were measured during the 3 wk following Eimeria infection. |
| Guo FC | Williams BA, Kwakkel RP, Li HS, Li XP, Luo JY, Li WK, Verstegen MW. | Effects of mushroom and herb polysaccharides, as alternatives for an antibiotic, on the cecal microbial ecosystem in broiler chickens | Poult Sci. | 2004 | Feb;83(2):175-82 | klin stud 5 | nee | nee | ja | nee | A4, J | Lentinus edodes, Tremella fuciformis | An in vivo experiment was conducted to study the potential prebiotic effects of mushroom and herb polysaccharide extracts, Lentinus edodes extract (LenE), Tremella fuciformis extract, and Astragalus membranaceus Radix extract, on chicken growth and the cecal microbial ecosystem, as compared with the antibiotic Apramycin (APR). This investigation was carried out in terms of a dose-response study. The chickens were naturally infected with avian Mycoplasma gallisepticum prior to the experiment. The BW gain, cecal pH, viscosity, and predominant microbial populations were measured 1 wk after the extract and APR treatments. The extracts and APR significantly stimulated growth of the chickens infected with avian Mycoplasma gallisepticum. |
| Guo FC | Kwakkel RP, Williams CB, Suo X, Li WK, Verstegen MW. | Coccidiosis immunization: effects of mushroom and herb polysaccharides on immune responses of chickens infected with Eimeria tenella | Avian Dis. | 2005 | Mar;49(1):70-3 | klin stud 5 | nee | nee | ja | nee | P, J | Lentinus edodes, Tremella fuciformis | An experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of polysaccharide extracts (E) of two mushrooms, Lentinus edodes (LenE) and Tremella fuciformis (TreE), and an herb, Astragalus membranaceus (AstE), on the immune responses of chickens infected with Eimeria tenella. A total of 180 broiler chickens were assigned to nine groups: three groups were fed with each of the extracts (LenE, TreE, and AstE), three groups were fed with the extracts and immunized with live oocyst vaccine (LenE+V, TreE+V, and AstE+V), a group was immunized with the vaccine only, and there were two controls (E. tenella-infected and noninfected groups). The oocyst vaccine was given at 4 days of age, and the extracts (1 g/kg of the diet) were supplemented from 8 to 14 days of age. |
| Guo FC | Kwakkel RP, Soede J, Williams BA, Verstegen MW | Effect of a Chinese herb medicine formulation, as an alternative for antibiotics, on performance of broilers | Br Poult Sci. | 2004 | Dec;45(6):793-7 | klin stud 5 | nee | nee | ja | nee | A2 | Chinese herbal medicine (fyto niet gedef) | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=pubmed&cmd=Retrieve&dopt=AbstractPlus&list_uids=15697019&itool=iconabstr&query_hl=13&itool=pubmed_docsum |
| Guo FC 1 | Kwakkel RP, Williams CB, Suo X, Li WK, Verstegen MW | Coccidiosis immunization: effects of mushroom and herb polysaccharides on immune responses of chickens infected with Eimeria tenella | Avian Dis. | 2005 | Mar;49(1):70-3 | klin stud 5 | nee | nee | ja | nee | P, J | Lentinus edodes, Tremella fuciformis, Astragalus membranaceus | An experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of polysaccharide extracts (E) of two mushrooms, Lentinus edodes (LenE) and Tremella fuciformis (TreE), and an herb, Astragalus membranaceus (AstE), on the immune responses of chickens infected with Eimeria tenella. A total of 180 broiler chickens were assigned to nine groups: three groups were fed with each of the extracts (LenE, TreE, and AstE), three groups were fed with the extracts and immunized with live oocyst vaccine (LenE+V, TreE+V, and AstE+V), a group was immunized with the vaccine only, and there were two controls (E. tenella-infected and noninfected groups). The oocyst vaccine was given at 4 days of age, and the extracts (1 g/kg of the diet) were supplemented from 8 to 14 days of age. |
| Hafez MH | Hauck R | Efficacy of a herbal product against Histomonas meleagridis after experimental infection of turkey poults | Animal Nutrition | 2006 | 5;436-442 | klin stud 5 | nee | nee | ja | nee | J, A2 | Protophyt | Middel werd preventief toegediend. Mortaliteit 50% (controle) vs 20% (verum). Product lijkt effectief om mortaliteit te reduceren. Zie ook http://taylorandfrancis.metapress.com/(xjen4w45fv3huo550jt5bn3q)/app/home/contribution.asp?referrer=parent&backto=issue,10,10;journal,3,31;linkingpublicationresults,1:300196,1 |
| Hagmuller W | Jugl-Chizzola M, Zitterl-Eglseer K, Gabler C, Spergser J, Chizzola R, Franz C | The use of Thymi Herba as feed additive (0.1%, 0.5%, 1.0%) in weanling piglets with assessment of the shedding of haemolysing E. coli and the detection of thymol in the blood plasma | Berl Munch Tierarztl Wochenschr | 2006 | Jan-Feb;119(1-2):50-4 | klin stud 5 | nee | ja | nee | nee | A2, J | Thymi herba | Thymi Herba (Thymus vulgaris, rubbed) was given as feed additive to weanling piglets. 3 concentrations (0.1%, 0.5%, 1%) were tested against a control group. Rectal swabs were collected weekly and were sent in for bacterial testing. The shedding of haemolysing E. coli was evaluated. There was no significant difference in the shedding of haemolysing E. coli between the 4 groups. Neither was there a difference in the distribution of the various serotypes. Thymol was detected in the blood plasma in all thyme groups. The increase in thymol level with greater amounts of thyme herb was significant. Three days after withdrawal of the feed additive no thymol levels were detected. |
| Hajhashemi V | Ghannadi A, Jafarbadi H | Black cumin seed essential oil, as a potent analgesic and antiinflammatory drug | Phytother Res. | 2004 | 18:195-199 | B | ja | ja | ja | ja | Black cumin seed essential oil | The steam-distilled essential oil of Iranian black cumin seed (Nigella sativa L.) was investigated for its composition and analgesic and antiinflammatory properties. After oil analysis by GC/MS, 20 compounds were identified in the oil, obtained in 0.4% (v/w) yield. Among them, para-cymene (37.3%) and thymoquinone (13.7%) were the major components. Acetic acid-induced writhing, formalin and light tail flick tests were used for assessment of analgesic activity. Antiinflammatory activity was evaluated using carrageenan-induced paw oedema in rats and croton oil-induced ear oedema in mice. Black cumin seed essential oil (BCSEO) was found to produce a significant analgesic effect in acetic acid-induced writhing, formalin and light tail flick tests. | |
| Haridy FM | El Garhy MF, Morsy TA | Efficacy of Mirazid (Comiphora molmol) against fascioliasis in Egyptian sheep | J Egypt Soc Parasitol | 2003 | 33:917-924 | klin stud 5 | nee | nee | nee | ja | P | Comiphora molmol | The efficacy of Mirazid (Commiphora molmol or Myrrh) was evaluated in sheep naturally infected with fascioliasis. Total doses of one or two capsules (300 mg each) were given for one, two or three successive days on an empty stomach an hour before breakfast. A total dose of 600 mg gave a cure rate of 83.3%, while a total dose of 900 to 1200 mg gave a complete cure rate (100%), with no clinical side effect. The cure rate was achieved by stool examination and/or macroscopically on slaughtering the sheep. Mirazid proved to be safe and very effective in sheep fascioliasis in Gharbia Governorate. |
| Hart J | Girdwood SE, Taylor S, Yáñez-Ruiz DR, Newbold CJ | Effect of allicin on fermentation and microbial populations in the rumen simulating fermentor RUSITEC | The Institute of Rural Sciences, University of Wales | Aberystwyth, SY23 3AL, UK | B | ja | ja | ja | ja | Allimax | The addition of either 2 or 20 µg/ml Allicin had no significant effect on the in vitro fermentation parameters or numbers of total or cellulolytic bacteria in comparison to the control treatment The addition of 20 µg/ml Allicin significantly reduced daily methane production; an effect directly attributed to the reduction in numbers of methanogens. | ||
| Hensel A | Lengsfeld C, Faller G | Okra polysaccharides inhibit adhesion of Campylobacter jejuni to mucosa from poultry in situ but not in vivo within infection study | Planta Med | 2006 | 72 | klin stud 5 | nee | nee | ja | nee | J | okra | With a potential use of prophylactic functional food additives to animal feed, the application of antiadhesive compounds against the gastrointestinal docking of pathogenic microorganisms is increasingly under discussion. High-molecular glycosylated compounds (polysaccharides and glycoproteins) isolated from the immature fruits of the okra plant, Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) MOENCH, were shown to have a strong antiadhesive activity against Helicobacter pylori, leading to an inhibition of binding to mucosal epithelia from human stomach in situ. In order to evaluate a further potential use these polymers were additionally tested concerning the adhesion of Campylobacter jejuni towards intestinal epithelia derived from chicken, the transducer of this germ to humans. |
| Hermann JR | Honeyman MS, Zimmerman JJ, Thacker BJ, Holden PJ, Chang CC | Effect of dietary Echinacea purpurea on viremia and performance in porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus-infected nursery pigs | J Anim Sci | 2003, september | 81(9):2139-44 | klin stud 5 | nee | ja | nee | nee | G, R | Echinacea purpurea | The effect of dietary Echinacea purpurea on performance, viremia, and ontogeny of the humoral antibody response against porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) infection was evaluated in weaned pigs. In three replicates, 120 weaned pigs (25 ± 1 d of age; 8.46 ± 0.48 kg of BW) from a PRRSV-naíve herd were allotted randomly to one of eight pens (diets) in two separate rooms (four pens/room), with each pen containing five pigs. Pigs began one of four dietary treatments (as-fed basis) 1 wk before inoculation with PRRSV: 1) basal diet composed of corn, soybean meal, whey, and essential vitamins and minerals; 2) basal diet plus carbadox (0.055 g/kg of diet; as-fed basis); 3) basal diet plus Echinacea 2% (2% of the total diet); 4) basal diet plus Echinacea 4% (4% of the total diet). |
| Hernandez F | Madrid J, Garcia V, Orengo J, Megias MD | Influence of two plant extracts on broilers performance, digestibility, and digestive organ size | Poult Sci. | 2004 | Feb;83(2):169-74 | klin stud 5 | nee | nee | ja | nee | A2, A3 | essential oil extract (EOE) from oregano, cinnamon, and pepper; and 5,000 ppm Labiatae extract (LE) from sage, thyme, and rosemary | A 42-d trial was conducted to study the influence of 2 plant extracts on performance, digestibility, and digestive organ weights in broilers. The feeding program consisted of a starter diet until 21 d and a finisher diet until 42 d. There were 4 treatment groups: control; 10 ppm avilamycin (AB); 200 ppm essential oil extract (EOE) from oregano, cinnamon, and pepper; and 5,000 ppm Labiatae extract (LE) from sage, thyme, and rosemary. No differences in feed intake or feed conversion were observed. From 14 to 21 d of age, broilers fed the LE diet grew faster than the broilers fed the control or EOE feeds (68.8 vs. |
| Hersch-Martínez P | et al. | Antibacterial effects of commercial essential oils over locally prevalent pathogenic strains in Mexico | Fitoterapia | 2005 | 76:453-7 | B | ja | ja | ja | ja | vluchtige olie oregano | VO van O. vulgare was in deze studie vergelijkbaar in activiteit met VO van tijm (Thymus vulgaris) en van kaneel (Cinnamomum zeylanicum), VO van kruidnagel (Syzygium aromaticum) en eucalyptus (Eucalyptus globulus) waren minder actief | |
| Heuwieser W | Tenhagen BA, Tischer M, Luhr J, Blum H | Effect of three programmes for the treatment of endometritis on the reproductive performance of a dairy herd | Vet Rec | 2000 | Mar 18;146(12):338-41 | klin stud 5 | ja | nee | nee | nee | G | eucalyptus complex | Three management programmes to improve the reproductive performance of a dairy herd were compared in a prospective controlled field study on one commercial farm. A total of 542 cows were examined for endometritis 22 to 28 days postpartum and assigned to one of three treatment groups: in group 1 the cows with signs of endometritis were treated with an intrauterine infusion of 100 ml of a 2 per cent polycondensated m-cresolsulphuric acid formaldehyde solution; in group 2 the cows with signs of endometritis were treated with an intrauterine infusion of 125 ml of a 20 per cent eucalyptus compositum solution; and in group 3 all the cows were injected intramuscularly with 0·75 mg of tiaprost, an analogue of prostaglandin F2 (PGF2) at two-week intervals, starting on day 43, until they were inseminated. |
| Hierden van Y | Powerpointpresentatie div. studies Dr. Schaette | NVF SDK | 2006 | klin stud 3 | ja | ja | nee | ja | A1,A2,G, D | Van diverse producten van Dr. Schaette, waarvan enkele geregistreerd in NL en/of Duitsland, werden onderzoeksresultaten getoond. Alleen intern gepubliceerd. | |||
| Hindle VA | Matthijssen-Kamman AA, Stockhofe N, Cone JW | The performance of young pigs fed different amounts of marigold (Calendula officinalis) meal; a pilot study | Netherlands Journal of Agriculural Science | 2002 | jg 50, p 83 ev | klin stud 5 | nee | ja | nee | nee | A2 | Calendula (goudsbloem) meel | Hexane-extracted calendula meal was tested in an acceptance trial (n=80) ; diets contained 0,2,6,10 or 20% calendula meal. 2% diet gave significant more consumption. More meal gave less food intake. Vital organs post mortem examinated; several blood analyses. Advice: not include more than 10% in diet. |
| Holden P | Botanicals as part of an integrated value-added pork production system | Leopold competitive Grant report | 2001 | vol. 10, 00-37 | klin stud 4 | nee | ja | nee | nee | A2 | Echinacea, garlic, goldenseal, peppermint | Echinacea offered the most potential of the botanicals tested. The final study resulted in performances similar to Mecadox after three weeks on the study. By the 12-week post-nursery phase, no differences were present among any of the nursery treatments. Garlic at high (5 percent) levels depressed performance and caused an off-flavor in the meat of all pigs sampled, when compared to Mecadox. Goldenseal resulted in depressed performance when compared to Mecadox. Peppermint decreased performance when compared to Mecadox. Zie ook http://www.leopold.iastate.edu/research/grants/2001/2000-37_Botanicals_Antibiotics_II_%5B_Swine_Production_Mngt_%5D.pdf | |
| Holden PJ | et al. | Botanicals for Pigs - Garlic | SU Swine Research Report Nutrition ASL-R1559, Iowa State University, USA . | 1998 | klin stud 4 | nee | ja | nee | nee | A2 | Allium sativum (knoflook) | Toevoeging van knoflook aan het voer (0,5-5,0%) van gespeende biggen (n = 16 per groep) gedurende een periode van 5 weken vermindert de inname van voedsel en vertraagt de groei; nadere specificatie van de bewerkingsgraad en kwalitatieve samenstelling van het product ontbreekt. | |
| Holden PJ | et al. | Botanicals for Pigs - Echinaceae | SU Swine Research Report Nutrition ASL-R1560, Iowa State University, USA | 1998 | klin stud 4 | nee | ja | nee | nee | A2 | Echinacea species (rode zonnehoed) | Toevoeging van Echinacea-species aan het voer (0,1-2,0%) van gespeende biggen (n = 20 per groep) gedurende een periode van 5 weken verhoogt in de hogere doseringen de voedsel-efficiëntie; nadere specificatie van de gebruikte echinacea-soort en de bewerkingsgraad ontbreekt, het product bevat 0,08% echinacoside. | |
| Holden PJ | McKean J | Botanicals for Pigs - Garlic II | SU Swine Research Report Nutrition ASL-R648, Iowa State University, USA | 2000 | klin stud 4 | nee | ja | nee | nee | A2 | Allium sativum (knoflook) | Toevoeging van knoflook-poeder aan het voer (0,1-0,5%) van gespeende biggen (n = 24 per groep) gedurende een periode van 5 weken heeft geen effect op de inname van voedsel en gewichtstoename, de smaak van het vlees werd bij doseringen hoger dan 0,25% negatief beïnvloed; nadere specificatie van de kwalitatieve samenstelling van het product ontbreekt. | |
| Holden PJ | McKean J | Botanicals for Pigs - Echinacea II | ISU Swine Research Report Nutrition ASL-R647, Iowa State University, USA | 2000 | klin stud 4 | nee | ja | nee | nee | A2 | Echinacea purpurea (rode zonnehoed) | Toevoeging van E. purpurea aan het voer (1,5-3,0%) van gespeende biggen (n = 20 per groep) gedurende een periode van 5 weken verhoogt in de hogere dosering de gewichtstoename; nadere specificatie van de bewerkingsgraad en kwalitatieve samenstelling ontbreekt. | |
| Hordegen P | Hertzberg H, Heilmann J, Langhans W, Maurer V | The anthelmintic efficacy of five plant products against gastrointestinal trichostrongylids in artificially infected lambs | Vet Parasitol. | 2003 | 117:51-60 | klin stud 5 | nee | nee | nee | ja | P | fumaria parviflora | Forty-eight helminth-free lambs were divided into eight groups (A–H) of six animals. Groups A–G were infected artificially with 10 000 third stage larvae of Haemonchus contortus and 20 000 third stage larvae of Trichostrongylus colubriformis, whereas group H remained uninfected. Thirty days post-infection the lambs were treated orally with a single dosage several products. Only the ethanol extract of F. parviflora caused a strong reduction of the faecal egg counts (100%) and a 78.2 and 88.8% reduction of adult H. contortus and T. colubriformis on day 13 post-treatment. The extract was as effective as the reference compound pyrantel tartrate. Therefore, the ethanol extract itself or single constituents of F. |
| Hota RK | Dehuri PK, Mishra SC, Mishra PK, Rao AG, Behura PC | Prophylactic and therapeutic efficacy of herbal "Animon" to control chronic respiratory disease in broilers | Phytomedica | 2000 | 21(1/2) 61-9. | klin stud 5 | nee | nee | ja | nee | R | Animon Plus (IHP) | Two experiments were conducted to evaluate the efficacy of Animon, a herbal product manufactured by M/s Indian Herbs, Saharanpur, U.P., as preventive and curative drug for chronic respiratory disease (CRD) in broilers. In experiment I, a total of 240 broiler chicks (one-day-old) were divided equally into 4 groups, each having 2 replicates. A standard diet without Animon was fed to birds in the control group (T1). The same diet was given to 3 other groups along with Animon at the rates of 200, 250 and 300 g/quintal (100 kg) of feed (Group T2, T3 and T4, respectively). The highest body weight gain and best feed efficiency were recorded in group T3 (Animon at 250 g/quintal). |
| Hu S | Concha C, Johannisson A, Meglia G, Waller KP | Effect of subcutaneous injection of ginseng on cows with subclinical Staphylococcus aureus mastitis | J Vet Med B Infect Dis Vet Public Health. | 2001 | Sep;48(7):519-28 | klin stud 5 | ja | nee | nee | nee | G | ginseng | Cows with subclinical mastitis caused by Staphylococcus aureus were subjected to subcutaneous injections with either an extract from the root of Panax ginseng CA Meyer at a dose of 8 mg/kg body weight per day for 6 days, or with saline as a control. The injection areas were checked for adverse reactions. The daily milk production was measured before and after treatment. Blood was collected for total and differential leucocyte counts, identification of lymphocyte subpopulations using flow cytometry, lymphocyte proliferation test, and neutrophil phagocytosis and oxidative burst assay. Quarter milk samples were collected for bacteriological analysis and somatic cell counts (SCC). |
| Hu S | Concha C, Lin F, Persson Waller K | Adjuvant effect of ginseng extracts on the immune responses to immunisation against Staphylococcus aureus in dairy cattle | Vet Immunol Immunopathol. | 2003 | Jan 10;91(1):29-37 | klin stud 5 | ja | nee | nee | nee | G | ginseng | A crude ginseng extract (GS) and the purified ginsenoside R(b1) (R(b1)) were evaluated for their adjuvant effects in dairy cattle at immunisation with ovalbumin (OVA) and/or a Staphylococcus aureus bacterin used for prevention of bovine mastitis. To evaluate a suitable dose of GS as an adjuvant, 36 lactating cows were randomly divided into six groups. The cows were inoculated twice intramuscularly with a 2-week interval, with saline solution, OVA in saline, or OVA in combination with 4, 16 or 64 mg GS, or Al(OH)(3). The level of specific antibodies to OVA in serum and milk whey was measured before immunisations and 1-5 weeks after the second immunisation. |
| Hume ME | Clemente-Hernandez S, Oviedo-Rondón EO | Effects of feed additives and mixed eimeria species infection on intestinal microbial ecology of broilers | Poult Sci. | 2006 | Dec;85(12): 2106-11 | klin stud 5 | nee | nee | ja | nee | P, A3 | Crina Poultry, Crina Alternate | Evaluation of digestive microbial ecology is necessary to understand effects of growth-promoting feed. In the current study, the dynamics of intestinal microbial communities (MC) were examined in broilers fed diets supplemented with a combination of antibiotic (bacitracin methylene disalicylate) and ionophore (Coban 60), and diets containing 1 of 2 essential oil (EO) blends, Crina Poultry (CP) and Crina Alternate (CA). Five treatments were analyzed: 1) unmedicated uninfected control; 2) unmedicated infected control; 3) feed additives monensin (bacitracin methylene disalicylate) + monensin (Coban 60; AI); 4) EO blend CP; and 5) EO blend CA. Additives were mixed into a basal feed mixture, and EO were adjusted to 100 ppm. |
| Ilsley S | Miller, H., Greathead, H., Kamel, C. | Herbal sow diets boost pre-weaning growth | http://www.agriworld.nl/public/file/pdf/20060921-pp_18.4_c4.pdf | 2002 | klin stud 5 | nee | ja | nee | nee | A2 | Fibermax: yucca shidigera, quillaja saponaria, mix capsicum, kaneel, anijs en oregano | Om de groei voor het spenen te bevorderen zijn op de universiteit van Leeds (UK) commercieel beschikbare plantenextracten getest van yucca shidigera (stam) (200g/ton), quillagia (bast) (250g/ton) en een combinatie van capsicum, kaneel, anijs en oregano. Met name het gewicht bij spenen (dag 21) en de groei tussen dan 15 en 21 was significant beter bij het gebruik van yucca, maar bij de combinatie nog veel beter, terwijl de quillagia niet gunstig was. Yucca en Quillagia zijn saponinen planten die in Mexico worden gebruikt om de voedselopnama en melkgifte te verbeteren. | |
| Indu MN | Hatha AAM, Abirosh C, Harsha U, Vivikanandan G | Antimicrobial activity of some of the south-Indian spices against serotypes of Escherichia coli, salmonella, Listeria monocytogenes and Aeromonas hydrophila | Brazilian J. of Microbiology | 2006 | 37:153-158 | B | nee | nee | ja | nee | knoflook, nootmuskaat, gember, ui, zwarte peper | Antibacterial activity of extracts of Allium sativum (garlic), Myristica fragrans (nutmeg), Zingiber officinale (ginger), Allium cepa (onion) and Piper nigrum (pepper) has been evaluated against 20 different serogroups of Escherichia coli, 8 serotypes of Salmonella, Listeria monocytogenes and Aeromonas hydrophila. Garlic extract showed excellent antibacterial activity against all the test organisms, except L. monocytogenes. Nutmeg showed good anti-listerial activity, although activity against E. coli and Salmonella were serotype dependent. Both garlic and nutmeg extracts were effective against A. hydrophila. Extracts of ginger showed inhibitory activity against two serogroups of E. coli: as O8 (enterotoxigenic E. coli) and O88 only. Extracts of onion and pepper did not show any antibacterial activity against the test organisms. | |
| Inst. Of Agricultural Sc. Of South Vietnam | Micro-Plus | The effect of digestarom for weaning piglet | Digestarom CD-Rom | 2001 | piglet 151 | klin stud 3 | nee | ja | nee | nee | A2 | Digestarom | Supplementation of digestarom on the diet improved weight gain of piglets in comparison to the Control group and the other trial groups. The feed intake during the trial period was significantly higher in the digestarom group as compared to all other groups. It proved that digestarom, with good flavor, stimulated the piglets to eat more. The positive increase of feed intake resulted in a higher end weight. The feed conversion rate improved, as well. The diarrhea ration was respectively lower in comparison to the control diet, although the ration was 0.09 % higher than the Colistine group, no significant difference was observed between the two treatments. |
| Jakhar G | The Effect of Ruchamax Feeding on Growth Promotion in Piglets | V.O. Incharge, Govt. Pig Breeding Farm | Sarsa Road, Hisar -125004 | klin stud 3 | nee | ja | nee | nee | A2 | Ruchamax | Ruchamax incorporated in diet @ 0.2% of healthy 12 weeks old LWY piglets resulted in 72.4% growth in 4 weeks from an initial pooled weight (5 animals) of 87.2 kg. as against 62.5% growth in the control animals over the same period. The average daily gain improvement in the medicated vis-a-vis controlled group was 33.9%, 29.9%, 19.4% and 9.7% in the Ist, 2nd, 3rd and 4th week respectively. This was equivalent to approximately 11 Kg. additional weight gain for the pool or 2.2 Kg. per animal. | ||
| Jang SI | Jun MH, Lillehoj HS, Dalloul RA, Kong IK, Kim S, Min W | Anticoccidial effect of green tea-based diets against Eimeria maxima | Vet Parasitol. | 2007 | Mar 15;144 (1-2):172-5 | klin stud 5 | nee | nee | ja | nee | P | groene thee | Anticoccidial effects of green tea (GT)-based diets were evaluated in chickens following oral infection with Eimeria maxima an ubiquitous intestinal parasite of poultry that impairs the growth and feed efficiency of infected birds. Five-week-old chickens were assigned to four groups (GT 0.5%, GT 2.0%, untreated/infected and non-infected control) and each group consisted of 15 chickens. Chickens were fed a standard diet supplemented with ground green tea for 2 weeks prior to infection with E. maxima (10,000 sporulated oocysts per bird). The effects of green tea on E. maxima infection were assessed by two parameters, fecal oocyst shedding and body weight gain. |
| Joshi HC | Chhabra MB, Kumar M and Saxena MJ | Herbal gel for the control of subclinical mastitis | Indian J. of Dairy Sci. | 1996 | 49, September, 1996:631-634 | klin stud 5 | ja | ja | ja | ja | G | Mastilep | Twenty four lactating cows tested positive for subclinical mastitis with California Mastitis Test (CMT), Sodium Lauryl Sulphate Test (SLST), Mastitis Detection Strips (MDS) and Somatic Cell Count (SCC) were selected for the study. Twenty of these cows were treated with Mastilep while remaining four cows were kept as untreated control. The topical application of Mastilep gel on udder and teats of the affected cows consecutively for 4 days lowered the SCC from 82.6 x 105cells per ml to 4.8 x 105 cells per ml and the milk samples were found to be negative for CMT, SLST and MDS. Milk samples from the untreated control were found to be positive with the diagnostic tests even on 5th day and the SCC increased to 375 x 105 cells per ml. |
| Jugl M | Zitterl-Eglseer K, Beier Th, Spergser J, Schilcher F, Gabler C, Schuh M, Franz C, Bucher A | Carrot pectines - acid oligosaccharides - versus antibiotic feed additives in the rearing of pigs | 3rd International Congress on Phytomedicine / Phytomedicine | 2000 | 7, (Suppl. 2), 88 (Phytomedicine) | klin stud 4 | nee | ja | nee | nee | A4 | wortel pectine (Daucus carota) | |
| Jugl M | Zitterl-Eglseer K, Beier T, Schilcher F, Gabler C, Schuh M, Kastner U, Guggenbichler JP, Franz C | Experimentelle Feldstudie über den Einsatz von Karottenpektinen als Futterzusatz zur Durchfallprophylaxe in der Ferkelaufzucht | Tierärztl Prax | 2001 | 29(G):308-12 | klin stud 5 | nee | ja | nee | nee | A4 | wortelpectine | |
| Juin H | Naciri M, Vilà B, Calafat F, Recoquillay F, Medina B | Effets de l'utilisation d'actifs vegetaux naturels proteges sur les performances de croissance de poulets ross, infectes ou non par des coccidies | Septièmes Journeés de la Recherche Avicole | 2007 | Tours, 28-29 maart | klin stud 4 | nee | nee | ja | nee | Eimericox | 1st trial in cages: the zootechnical efficacy of ENTEROCOX 1-c@ps, microcapsulated (R3: 184 ppm active principles) and non microcapsulated (216 ppm active principles) was compared to a control group R1. From D21 to D38, there was a positive tendency on the weight gain for R2 and R3. second trial in floor-pen: chickens inoculated (D14) with eimeria spp. Growth of treated significantly improved from D0-D14. At D21 oocystal excretion reduced by 47% compared to non-treated. Lesion scores equivalent. Weight of treated significantly improved. | |
| Kazan | The comparison of the effectiveness of use between different biostimulators in rations for fattening pigs | Digestarom CD-Rom | 2005 | piglet | klin stud 3 | nee | ja | nee | nee | A2 | Digestarom | Digestarom works as a disinfectant on decomposition processes in the stomach-intestinal tract, against damaging influences on skin surface and mucous membranes, promotes the formation of bile, activates antioxidants and stimulates salivation in the mouth cavity and hydrochloric acid in the stomach. | |
| Ketelaar R | Effect van digestarom 1317 op de resultaten bij vleeskuikens | Speerstra Feed Ingredients BV | 2007 | 1 | nee | nee | ja | nee | A2 | Digestarom | Rapport via leverancier | ||
| Khan MAS | Akbar MA, Ahmed TU | Efficacy determination of Neem (Azadirachta indica) and Pineapple (Ananas comosus) leaves as herbal dewormer and its effects on milk production of dairy cows under rural conditions in Bangladesh | BSAS Ethnoveterinary Medicine Conference | 2006 | klin stud 4 | ja | nee | nee | nee | P | neem- en ananas-bladeren | Getoond werd dat neem- en ananas-bladeren bij melkvee in een praktijkproef (driemaal 10 koeien) ingezet waren tegen wormen en hierbij presteerde ananas-blad (1 g/kg lichaamsgewicht) ook beter dan neem (1,6 g/kg lichaamsgewicht) en lagen beiden op dag 21 dicht bij de prestatie van albendazol (7,5 mg/kg lichaamsgewicht). De melkproductie lag het hoogst bij het ananas-blad, maar de verschillen tussen de drie behandelingen waren op dit punt niet significant. | |
| Kluth H | Schulz E, Halle I, Rodehutscord M | Zur Wirksamkeit von Kräutern und ätherischen Ölen bei Schwein und Geflügel | Lezing 7e Wittenberger Tagung zur Schweine- und Geflügelernährung | 2003 | Lohmann Information juni, ausgabe 2, 1-6 | sec (lit.) | nee | ja | ja | nee | div. kruiden en etherische oliën | Sowohl in der Humanernährung als auch in der Humanmedizin hat der Einsatz von Kräutern, Gewürzen und deren Auszügen eine lange Tradition. In der Ernährung landwirtschaftlicher Nutztiere werden diese Stoffe in den letzten Jahren ebenfalls verstärkt eingesetzt - wohl in erster Linie wegen ihrer aus dem Humanbereich bekannten Effekte auf die Verdauung. Dr. Holger Kluth, Dr. Edgar Schulz, Dr. Ingrid Halle und Prof. Markus Rodehutscord (Halle-Wittenberg, Braunschweig) recherchierten im Rahmen einer Literaturstudie „Zur Wirksamkeit von Kräutern und ätherischen Ölen bei Schwein und Geflügel“ die Effekte in der landwirtschaftlichen Praxis. Im Hinblick auf die Leistungsparameter zeigen die Ergebnisse ein eher uneinheitliches Bild. | |
| Kocher A | Scheidemann Ch | The use of Mannan oligosaccharides (Bio-Mos) in sow and piglet diets | 4. BOKU-Symposium Tierernährung - Tierernährung ohne antibiotische Leistungsförderer | 2005 | 205-210 | klin stud 4 | nee | ja | nee | nee | A4 | Bio-Mos | http://www.boku.ac.at/tte-symposium/Tagungsband/BOKU_Symposium_2005.pdf |
| Krimpen MM van | Binnendijk GP | Ropadiar® als alternatief voor een antimicrobiële groeibevorderaar in voer voor gespeende biggen | PV rapport | 2001 | 205 | klin stud 4 | nee | ja | nee | nee | A2 | Ropadiar | Het PV heeft onderzoek gedaan naar de effecten van Ropadiar, een product op basis van oregano olie. De eerste twee weken na opleg hadden de Ropadiar dieren betere technische resultaten dan de dieren zonder, daarna echter niet meer. Het is hierdoor geen volwaardig alternatief voor AMGB’s, maar toepassing in speenvoeders kan wel positieve effecten hebben. |
| Krimpen MM van | Plagge JG, Binnendijk GP, Kleij A ten | Humisolve als alternatief voor een antimicrobiële groeibevorderaar in voer voor gespeende biggen | PV rapport | 2001 | 204 | klin stud 4 | nee | ja | nee | nee | A2 | Humisolve (humuszuur) | Toevoeging aan het voer van Humisolve ® of Avilamycine heeft niet geleid tot verbetering van de groei, voer- en EW-opname, voederconversie en EW-conversie van de gespeende biggen. Dit geldt zowel voor de periode van opleg tot 14 dagen na opleg als voor de periode van 15 tot 34 dagen na opleg. Het percentage pasteuze diarree was in de tweede week na opleg bij de dieren die voer met Humisolve ® kregen hoger dan bij de dieren met voer zonder AMGB of voer met AMGB. Er waren geen wezenlijke verschillen tussen de proefbehandelingen met betrekking tot uitval van de biggen. In de proefbehandelingen “Humisolve ®” en “met AMGB” zijn meer dieren behandeld voor maagdarmaandoeningen dan in de proefbehandeling “zonder AMGB”. |
| Krimpen MM van | Binnendijk GP, Plagge JG, Prado C del | Intibo® als alternatief voor AMBG’s bij gespeende biggen | PV rapport | 2002 | maart | klin stud 4 | nee | ja | nee | nee | A4 | Fibro 7 | Het PV heeft onderzoek gedaan naar een fructo-oligosaccharide (Intibo®) als vervanger voor AMG’s, maar toevoeging van Intibo gaf geen verbetering van de technische resultaten. |
| Krimpen MM van | Lierop AHAAM van, Binnendijk GP | Aromabiotic als alternatief voor AMGB’s bij gespeende biggen | PV rapport | 2003 | Praktijkboek Varkens 25 | klin stud 4 | nee | ja | nee | nee | A2 | Aromabiotic | |
| Krimpen MM van | Lierop AHAAM van, Binnendijk GP | Crina® Piglets als alternatief voor een antimicrobiële groeibevorderaar in voer voor gespeende biggen | PV rapport | 2003 | Praktijkboek Varkens 23 | klin stud 4 | nee | ja | nee | nee | A2 | Crina Piglets | |
| Krimpen MM van | Lierop AHAAM van, Binnendijk GP | Plantaardig vetextract als alternatief voor AMGB’s bij gespeende biggen | PV rapport | 2003 | Praktijkboek Varkens 24 | klin stud 4 | nee | ja | nee | nee | A2 | shea-boom | Plantaardig vetextract uit bonen van de shea-boom is getest als alternatieve AMGB door het PV en hoewel de technische resultaten niet beter waren dan die van dieren zonder AMGB’s, hadden de dieren minder vaak en minder ernstig last van diarree. |
| Kroismayr A | Sehm J, Mayer H, Schreiner M, Foissy H, Wetscherek W, Windisch W | Effect of essential oils or Avilamycin on microbial, histological and molecular-biological parameters of gut health in weaned piglets | 4. BOKU-Symposium Tierernährung - Tierernährung ohne antibiotische Leistungsförderer | 2005 | 140-146 | klin stud 4 | nee | ja | nee | nee | A2 | P.E.P. 1000 (Biomin) | According to the imminent ban of the use of antibiotic growth promoters in the EU, alternative substances and strategies are to be found. In this study a phytogenic product, consisting of essential oils, was compared with Avilamycin and a negative control regarding with respect to effects on zootechnical performance, as well as microbial, histological and molecular-biological parameter of gut health in a total of 120 weaned piglets. In total, the essential oil product affected performance and gut health parameter in a similar way as the antimicrobial growth promoter Avilamycin. |
| Kroismayr A | Biomin P.E.P. - Latest studies show improved feed conversion rate | http://www.engormix.com | 2007 | klin stud 3 | nee | ja | nee | nee | A2 | P.E.P. 1000 (Biomin) | 1. The first trial was conducted in 2005 at Nanjing University, China. One-hundred twenty piglets, weaned at 23 d of age, were randomly assigned to two dietary treatments: a negative control (no additives) and one with Biomin® P.E.P. 125 (125 g/t). Supplementation of the diet with Biomin® P.E.P. successfully improved growth performance in piglets. After 50 days, piglets receiving Biomin® P.E.P. were 3.09 kg heavier (P=0.013) in comparison to the control group. Feed conversion was also positively influenced by Biomin® P.E.P 2. A 42 day study at Kansas State University was conducted in 2006 using 192 weanling pigs (average age 22 d). An antibiotic growth promoter was compared to Biomin® P.E.P. | ||
| Kroismayr A | Biomin P.E.P. 125 Scientific trial with piglets | http://www.engormix.com | 2007 | klin stud 3 | nee | ja | nee | nee | A2 | P.E.P. 1000 (Biomin) | Addition of Biomin® P.E.P. to the diets successfully improved growth performance in piglets post-weaning. As compared to the Negative Control, average daily weight gain was significantly (P = 0.02) increased by 6% through Biomin® P.E.P. Furthermore, feed efficiency (feed/gain) was significantly improved by 3.5% (Figure 2). In contrast there was no significant difference (P = 0.26) in feed efficiency between the NC and PC which contained antibiotics. The increase in average daily gain through medication with AGPs in the PC obviously resulted from a significant (P < 0.001) increase in feed intake (Figure 3). Piglets fed the diet with antibiotics consumed 9.8 or 7.1% more feed as compared to pigs offered the NC diet or the diet supplemented with Biomin® P.E.P. | ||
| Ku DD | et al. | Garlic prevents monocrotaline pulmonary hypertension and preserves pulmonary endothelial function in rats | Experimental Biology | 2005 | Apr 2-6 | B | ja | ja | ja | ja | Allium sativum (knoflook) | Toevoeging van knoflook aan het dieet (1%) voorkomt monocrotaline-geïnduceerde pulmonaire hypertensie bij ratten en herstelt de endotheel-functie in het pulmonaire vaatbed; knoflook-producten waarin geen allicin aanwezig is, zijn niet werkzaam; deze niet aan antibacteriële activiteit gerelateerde studie toont wel aan dat knoflook en de actieve bestanddelen hierin (allicin) uit de voeding worden geabsorbeerd en biologisch beschikbaar zijn; deze studie laat ook het belang van het productieproces voor de biologische werkzaamheid zien. | |
| Kuhn G | Tuchscherer M, Tuchscherer A, Schrödl W, Krüger M, Ender K | Effects of Echinacea purpurea supplementation on humoral immunity of sows and piglets | Sustainable Pork Production: Welfare, Quality, Nutrition and Consumer Attitudes | 2004 | June 17-18 | klin stud 4 | nee | ja | nee | nee | J, I | Echinacea purpurea | |
| Kulpys J | Janciene I, Stankevicius R | Zum Einfluss eines Kombinationspräparats auf Basis organischer Säuren und ätherischer Öle auf die Mastleistung von Schweinen unter litauischen Verhältnissen | 4. BOKU-Symposium Tierernährung - Tierernährung ohne antibiotische Leistungsförderer | 2005 | 186-193 | klin stud 4 | nee | ja | nee | nee | A2 | Genex Pig | http://www.boku.ac.at/tte-symposium/Tagungsband/BOKU_Symposium_2005.pdf |
| Kumar A | Dingle J | Effects of phytogenic feed additives on broiler performance | Poult Sci. | ? | ? | klin stud 5 | nee | nee | ja | nee | A2 | Digestarom | Birds fed unsupplemented high nutrient specification diets performed significantly better than birds fed unsupplemented low nutrient specification diets. The first three weeks performance of birds fed a high nutrient diet supplemented with PFA or GPA was significantly superior to those birds fed an unsupplemented diet. Therefore to achieve maximum benefit, PFA's should be included in high nutrient specification broiler starter diets from 0-3 weeks of age. In contrast, PFA supplementation of low nutrient specification diet was more beneficial from 4-6 weeks. |
| Kumar V | LD50 study of IHP-250C Powder | 2001 | 2-8-2006 | B | nee | nee | ja | nee | IHP-250C (Zicomill) | ||||
| Kurkure NV | Kolte SW, Bhandarkar AG, Kalorey DR | Evaluation of herbal coccidiostat 'Coxynil' in broiler | Indian j. exp. biol. | 2006 | vol. 44, no9: 740-744 | klin stud 4/5 | nee | nee | ja | nee | P | Coxynil | Anticoccidial efficacy of "Coxynil" a polyherbal preparation was tested against Eimeria tenella in broilers. Body weight of birds challenged with E. tenella in Coxynil treated groups was higher as compared to Coxynil untreated. Oocyst out put, lesion score, HI litres against New Castle disease virus were significantly higher in Coxynil supplemented groups in comparison to Coxynil un-supplemented groups. Examination of ceaca of the birds, revealed that the Coxynil interfered with life cycle of coccidia. The typical second generation schizonts were absent in ceacal section of Coxynil treated groups. The results indicate that Coxynil is effective herbal coccidiostat. |
| Lavrencic A | Levart A | Tannins as silage additives | 4. BOKU-Symposium Tierernährung - Tierernährung ohne antibiotische Leistungsförderer | 2005 | 168-173 | sec | ja | ja | nee | ja | kastanje | http://www.boku.ac.at/tte-symposium/Tagungsband/BOKU_Symposium_2005.pdf | |
| Lee KW | Everts H, Kappert HJ, Frehner M, Losa R, Beynen AC | Effects of dietary essential oil components on growth performance, digestive enzymes and lipid metabolism in female broiler chickens | Br Poult Sci. | 2003 | Jul;44(3):450-7 | klin stud 5 | nee | nee | ja | nee | A2, A3 | Crina, thymol, cinnamaldehyde | The present experiment was conducted to describe the effects of thymol, cinnamaldehyde and a commercial preparation of essential oil components (CRINA® Poultry), in female broilers. Feed and water were provided for ad libitum consumption. 2. Feed intake, weight gain and feed:gain ratio were not different among the treatments. Water intake was significantly lowered by cinnamaldehyde. Relative liver weight (g/100 g of body weight) was highest in birds given thymol, but this was seen only at the age of 21 d and not at 40 d. Patterns of digestive enzymes in pancreatic tissue were similar for the 4 treatments. 3. Amylase activity in intestinal digesta was highest in chickens given CRINA® Poultry for 21 d, but the effect had disappeared after 40 d. |
| Lee KW | Everts H, Kappert HJ, Wouterse H, Frehner M, Beynen AC | Cinnamaldehyde, but not Thymol, Counteracts the Carboxymethyl Cellulose-induced Growth Depression in Female Broiler Chickens | International Journal of Poultry Science | 2004 | 3 (9): 608-12 | klin stud 5 | nee | nee | ja | nee | A2 | Crina (eth olie ng) | Onderzocht werd of etherische olie in het dieet kon compenseren voor het negatieve effect van carboxylmethyl-cellulose (CMC) op de groeiprestatie van vleeskuikens. Het dieet met of zonder 1% CMC, en met CMC en ofwel (100 ppm) thymol, cinnamaldehyde of Crina werd 40 dagen verstrekt aan hennen. het CMC dieet gaf in de periode 0-21 dagen significant verminderde groei. Dit werd gedeeltelijk voorkomen door toevoeging van cinnamaldehyde of Crina; die eveneens de voedselopname deden stijgen. Geen invloed werd gezien op de intestinale viscositeit, wel op de vetvertering. |
| Leon L | Beer Ch, Wäcken H, Nürnberg M, Andersson R | Dippmittel: Gibt es Alternativen zu Jod? | Milchpraxis | 2003 | 4:Sonderdruck 1-4 | klin stud 4 | ja | nee | nee | nee | Dipp-Film (Aloë vera) | Zwischen dem neuartigen Barriere-Dippfilm und dem hochwertigen Jod-Dippmittel werden weder bei der Entwicklung der Eutergesundheit noch bei der Zitzenhautbeschaffenheit Unterschiede nachgewiesen. Leichte Unterschiede ergaben sich nur bezüglich der Erreger, die für Neuinfektionen verantwortlich gemacht wurden. Barrieredippmittel mit pflegenden Eigenschaften können somit als vollwertige Alternative zu geprüften Jodzubereitungen angesehen werden. Das Dippen der Zitzen kann zudem als ein wichtiger Aspekt zur Erhaltung einer guten Eutergesundheit angesehen werden. Zu berücksichtigen bleibt jedoch, dass die Hygienebedingungen rund um das Tier einen wesentlichen Einfluss auf die Eutergesundheit haben. Zie ook http://www.schaette.de/praxistipps/rind,31,3,8.php?cid=99 | |
| Losa R | The use of essential oils in animal nutrition | http://ressources.ciheam.org/om/pdf/c54/01600009.pdf | klin stud 3 | ja | ja | ja | nee | A2 | Crina | The potential of essential oils (EO) in animal nutrition is discussed with some selected examples obtained with the blends produced by CRINA SA. Synergistic effects of EO on endogenous enzyme production and on microbial flora are used to increase animal performances. In ruminants, blends can be created that significantly reduce rumen ammonia production and increase protein by-pass. In monogastrics, the effect on the colonisation of the guts by different bacteria (Clostridium perfringens in poultry and haemolytic E. coli in pigs) will be shown. The effects on feed efficiency and daily weight gain in pigs are shown as a model for the expected effects on animal performances. Zie ook http://ressources.ciheam.org/om/pdf/c54/01600009.pdf | |||
| Lückstädt Ch | Jones G, Kroismayr A, Nies W | A new organic acid-phytobiotic blend - a sustainable solution for natural growth promotion in pig farming | 4. BOKU-Symposium Tierernährung - Tierernährung ohne antibiotische Leistungsförderer | 2005 | 201-204 | klin stud 4 | nee | ja | nee | nee | A2 | (biomin) organische zuren met fytobiotica en etherische oliën, fyto niet gedefinieerd | http://www.boku.ac.at/tte-symposium/Tagungsband/BOKU_Symposium_2005.pdf |
| Maass N | Experimentelle Untersuchungen zum alimentären Einsatz von Echinacea purpurea Cobs bei Schwein und Geflügel - Auswirkungen auf Leistungs- und Immunparameter | 2002 | diss TU München | B | nee | ja | ja | nee | I, A2 | Echinacea purpurea | Verschillende studies met varkens en pluimvee. Zie http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=965203328&dok_var=d1&dok_ext=pdf&filename=965203328.pdf | ||
| Maass N | Bauer J, Paulicks BR, Bohmer BM, Roth-Maier DA | Efficiency of Echinacea purpurea on performance and immune status in pigs | J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl) | 2005 | Aug;89(7-8):244-52 | klin stud 5 | nee | ja | nee | nee | A2, I, J | Echinacea purpurea | The aim of the present investigation was to examine the inclusion of the dried herb Echinacea purpurea (L.) MOENCH as feed additive in diets of sows, piglets, and grower/finisher pigs on growth performance, blood picture, plasma enzymes including proliferation of lymphocytes, antibody status, and protein and immune globulin content of colostrum. The control groups were supplemented with alfalfa meal. The sows (total 36) received 0%, 1.2%, or 3.6%Echinacea cobs in the diet from day 85 to day 110 of gestation and 0%, 0.5%, or 1.5%Echinacea cobs up to day 28 of lactation. No significant differences were found for growth performance, weight loss, blood picture, plasma enzymes, and colostrum composition. |
| Madan P | Pandey SK, Chhabra MB, Saxena MJ | Efficacy of a topical herbal gel in mastitis control | Int. J. of Animal Sci. | 1996 | 11:289-291 | klin stud 5 | ja | nee | nee | nee | G | Mastilep | Thirty crossbred cows were screened for sub-clinical mastitis using Mastitis Detection Strips (MDS) and Somatic Cell Counts (SCC). Out of 17 animals found positive for sub-clinical mastitis, 12 animals (Group I) were treated topically on the skin of the udder with a herbal gel- Mastilep, twice daily for a period of five days and the remaining five animals were kept as untreated controls (Group II). On the sixth day, the M.D.S. test proved negative for Group I while animals in Group II continued to show positive reactions. The SCC was significantly reduced in Group I from 6.68 ± 0.75 to 4.00 ± 0.96 x 105 cells/ml while SCC increased from 6.68 ± 0.75 to 44.66 ± 4.17 x 105 cells/ml in cows of Group II. |
| Maiti SK | Raju Sharda, Namrata | Non-antibiotic herbal treatment for subclinical mastitis in cows | Ind. Vet. Med. J. | 1997 | 21 Sept., 1997: 251-253 | klin stud 5 | ja | G | Mastilep | Twenty cases of different breeds diagnosed to be suffering from sub-clinical mastitis on the basis of Sodium Lauryl Sulfate Test (SLST) and Mastitis Detection Strips (MDS) were selected for the study. The affected animals were divided into two groups (A&B) consisting 15 & 5 animals respectively. Group A was treated with Mastilep by applying twice daily on the udder & teats for a period of 7 days while group B was kept as untreated control. The treatment of Mastilep showed a cure rate of 80% and milk yield of the recovered animals increased by 1/2 to 1 litre. On the other hand, milk samples from untreated control were found to be positive after 7 day examination. | |||
| Makkink C | Verslag Orffa symposium over pluimveevoeding | Verslag Orffa symposium over pluimveevoeding | 2003 | 21-3-2006 | klin stud 4 | nee | nee | ja | nee | A2, N | Enteroguard | Dr. ir. Guido Riessen van Orffa Duitsland besprak deze producten. Onder stressomstandigheden (lage staltemperatuur, Eimeria-challenge) gaf toepassing van Enteroguard een verbetering van de groei bij vleeskuikens. Uit smaakproeven bleek geen effect op de smaak van het vlees. Riessen benadrukte het belang van duidelijke productdeclaratie, kwaliteitscontrole van grondstoffen, standaardisering van actieve componenten en productie volgens humane voeding normen. | |
| Makkink C | Fytobiotica gezondheidsverhogend | De Molenaar | 2007 | 9:82-83 | klin stud 3 | ja | ja | ja | nee | A2 | Sangrovit | Zowel bij varkens als bij pluimvee is aangetoond dat Sangrovit de beschikbaarheid van lysine en tryptofaan verhoogt. Dit heeft een gunstig effect op de lever. Ook de eiwitretentie, groei en karkaskwaliteit van varkens nemen toe bij gebruik van Sangrovit in de voeding. Bovendien werkt het middel ontstekingremmend. Bij gebruik in voeders voor vleeskuikens (dosering 10 of 25 ppm) worden minder necrotische enteritis laesies gevonden. Ook bij varkens verbetert Sangrovit de gezondheid van de mucosa. Bij melkvee verbetert het product de afbraak van organisch materiaal in de pens en stimuleert het de vorming van azijnzuur en propionzuur. Met Sangrovit wordt minder iso-boterzuur en iso-valeriaanzuur gevormd in de pens en daalt de ammoniakconcentratie. | |
| Mandal S | Sasmal NK | Histopathological study on the anticoccidial efficacy of a herbal product - IHP-250C (Zicomill) against E. tenella infection in broiler chicks | Indian J. Indg. Med | 1991 | 8, 9-19 | klin stud 4 | nee | nee | ja | nee | J, P | IHP-250C (Zicomill) | The efficacy of IHP-250C, a nerbal product of M/s. Indian Herbs Research and Supply Co., Pvt. Ltd., Saharanpur was evaluated histopathologically against Eimeria tenella infection (10x10^4 oocysts) of broiler chicks. The birds were treated with 0.3, 0.45 and 0.6 percent of the drug with feed since 1 day prior to 7 day post-infection. The drug at all dose levels showed blunting and shortening of villi with hydropic/vacuolar degeneration by the invasion of parasites, as well as arrested development of all the endogenous stages from trophozoites to gematocytes (lllustrated by 13 histopathological micro photographs). The efficacy of the drug was directly proportional with the increase of dose levels. |
| Mandal S | Sasmal NK, Ray S | A study on effect of Zicomill on reproductive potential of E. tenella and E. necatrix | Indian J. Indg. Med | 1992 | 9(1&2): 37-40 | B | nee | nee | ja | nee | IHP-250C (Zicomill) | ||
| Manzanilla EG | Nofrarias M, Anguita M, Castillo M, Perez JF, Kamel C, Gasa J | Effects of sodium butyrate, avilamycin and a combination of plant extracts on productive performance and intestinal equilibrum of early weaned pigs | 4. BOKU-Symposium Tierernährung - Tierernährung ohne antibiotische Leistungsförderer | 2005 | 194-200 | klin stud 4 | nee | ja | nee | nee | A2, A4 | Origanum spp., Cinnamonum spp., Capsicum annuum (kruid of inh st?) | http://www.boku.ac.at/tte-symposium/Tagungsband/BOKU_Symposium_2005.pdf |
| Manzanilla EG | Nofrarias M, Anguita M, Castillo M, Perez JF, Martin-Orue SM, Kamel C, Gasa J | Effects of butyrate, avilamycin, and a plant extract combination on the intestinal equilibrium of early-weaned pigs | J Anim Sci. | 2006 | Oct;84(10):2743-51 | klin stud 5 | nee | ja | nee | nee | A2 | plantenextract, fyto niet gedef. | We evaluated the effects of 3 additives, sodium butyrate (AC), avilamycin (AB), and a combination of plant extracts (XT), on the productive performance and the intestinal environment of the early-weaned pig. The XT was a standardized mixture with 5% (wt/wt) carvacrol (from Origanum spp.), 3% cinnamaldehyde (from Cinnamonum spp.), and 2% capsicum oleoresin (from Capsicum annum). Pigs (n = 32) weaned at 18 to 22 d of age with an initial BW of 6.0 ± 0.10 kg were allocated to 8 pens that, in turn, were allocated to 4 treatments. The treatments included a basal diet (CT) or the basal diet supplemented with 0.3% of AC, 0.04% of AB, or 0.03% of XT. |
| Mao XF | Piao XS, Lai CH, Li DF, Xing JJ, Shim BL | Effects of beta-glucan obtained from the Chinese herb Astragalus membranaceus and lipopolysaccharide challenge on performance, immunological, adrenal, and somatotropic responses of weanling pigs | J Anim Sci. | 2005 | Dec;83(12):2775-82 | klin stud 5 | nee | ja | nee | ja | A2, A3, J, N | Astralagus membranaceus, lipopolysaccharide | A total of 108 crossbred piglets (7.75 +/- 0.24 kg of BW) weaned at 28 d was used to study the interactive effects of beta-glucan obtained from the Chinese herb Astragalus membranaceus (AM) and Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide (LPS) challenge on performance, immunological, adrenal, and somatotropic responses of weaned pigs. The treatments were in a 2 x 3 factorial arrangement; main effects were level of Astragalus membranaceus glucan (AMG; 0, 500, or 1,000 mg/kg; as-fed basis) and presence of immunological challenge (with or without LPS). The experiment included six replicate pens per treatment and three pigs per pen. Lipopolysaccharide challenges were conducted on d 7 and 21 of the trial. |
| Marley CL | Cook R, Keatinge R, Barrett J, Lampkin NH | The effect of birdsfoot trefoil and chicory on parasite intensities and performance of lambs naturally infected with helminth parasites | Vet Parasitol. | 2003 | 112:147-55 | klin stud 5 | nee | nee | nee | ja | P | Lotus corniculatus; Cichorium intybus | Results showed there were a minimum of 58% and 63% fewer infective stage parasitic larvae on birdsfoot trefoil and chicory, respectively, compared with ryegrass on day 14 and 35 when forages were compared on a forage dry matter, plot area sampled and leaf area basis (P < 0.01). Overall, these results indicate that the number of infective stage larvae on birdsfoot trefoil and chicory pasture was reduced by the effect of their sward structure on the development/survival/migration of ovine parasitic nematodes. Vervolg in Vet Par 2006. |
| Massaud A | Morsy TA, Haridy FM | Treatment of Egyptian dicrocoeliasis in man and animals with Mirazid | J Egypt Soc Parasitol | 2003 | 33:437-442 | klin stud 5 | nee | nee | nee | ja | P | cichoria (preb) | Two human cases with dicrocoeliasis dendriticum were successfully treated one with Praziquantel (25mg/kg 3 times daily after meals, for four successive days) and second with Mirazid (2 capsules of 300 mg. each, daily an hour before breakfast, for six successive days) as indicated clinically and parasitologically. On the other hand, one imported sheep and two locally bred goats naturally infected with D. dendriticum were successfully treated with Oleo-resin solution (dose of 6 ml of 10 gm% equal to 2 Mirazid capsules before breakfast) per os once daily for four successive days. The animals were slaughtered on 5th day. Mirazid (capsule or Oleo-resin solution) was effective against dicrocoeliasis in man and animal respectively. |
| Maurer V | Perler E | Silicas fort control of the poultry red mite Dermanyssus gallinae | FiBL rapport | 2005 | klin stud 4 | nee | nee | ja | nee | P | diatomeeënaarde | Control of the poultry red mite Dermanyssus gallinae is a challenge for organic as well as conventional egg producers. In organic agriculture, control should be attempted by mechanically acting substances (e.g. oils or diatomaceous earth), before acaricides are applied. Diatomaceous earth (DE) without acaricides was at least as effective as DE supplemented with pyrethrum or essential oils and a liquid formulation of silica in vitro. In on farm experiments, DE was effective during a limited period only, whereas the liquid formulation had a very good residual effect over several weeks. | |
| Max RA | Buttery PJ, Kassuku AA, Kimambo AE, Mtenga LA | A plant-based treatment of roundworms: the potential of using tannins to reduce gastrointestinal nematode infections of tropical small ruminants | BSAS Ethnoveterinary Medicine Conference | 2006 | klin stud 4 | nee | nee | nee | ja | P | tannine | Plantaardig leerlooipoeder werd met succes gebruikt voor wormbestrijding kleine herkauwers. | |
| Mellor S | Herbs and spices promote health and growth | Pig Progress | 2000 | 16, 27-30 | klin stud 5 | nee | ja | nee | nee | A2 | AROMEX ME Plus | Oregano en een mengsel genaamd Aromex zouden groei bevorderen en in sommige gevallen minder diarree geven bij biggen. | |
| Mercordi | Colinex LA Field Trials | Field trials | 2006 | 3 | nee | nee | ja | nee | A3 | Colinex (echinacea, nosoden) | Lezing beschikbaar via leverancier (mercordi) | ||
| Meriden Animal Health Technical Bulletin | Coccidiosis in poultry | http://www.engormix.com | 2007 | klin stud 3 | nee | nee | ja | nee | P | Orego-STIM | In a trial conducted in the USA by Colorado Quality Research Incorporated, Orego-Stim® was fed to chicks that had been challenged with coccidiosis oocysts in order to evaluate the ability of this product to protect against a coccidiosis challenge in comparison to a commonly used ionophore coccidiostat, which was salinomycin. The results indicate that the Orego-Stim® gave effective protection against the coccidiosis challenge. The level of protection achieved by the Orego-Stim® group was similar to the protection provided by salinomycin at 55 grams per tonne. In the same experiment, the performance of chicks fed Orego-Stim® in the presence of a necrotic enteritis challenge was also evaluated. | ||
| Metzger-Petersen K | Tschirner K, Wolffram S | Untersuchungen zum einfluss von Sangrovit auf die In vitro-Fermentation und Pansenstabilität von Sanguinarin | 4. BOKU-Symposium Tierernährung - Tierernährung ohne antibiotische Leistungsförderer | 2005 | 459-163 | B | ja | nee | nee | nee | Sangrovit | http://www.boku.ac.at/tte-symposium/Tagungsband/BOKU_Symposium_2005.pdf | |
| Mukherjee R | Dash PK, Ram GC | Immunotherapeutic potential of Ocimum sanctum (L) in bovine subclinical mastitis | Res Vet Sci. | 2005 | Aug;79(1):37-43 | klin stud 5 | ja | nee | nee | nee | G | Ocimum sanctum | Immunotherapeutic potential of aqueous extract of Ocimum sanctum (O. sanctum) leaf in bovine sub-clinical mastitis (SCM) was investigated. Somatic cell count (SCC), total bacterial count (TBC), milk differential leukocyte count (DLC), phagocytic activity and Phagocytic index and leukocyte lysosomal enzymes like myeloperoxidase and acid phosphatase content were evaluated after intramammary infusion of aqueous leaf extract of O. sanctum. The results revealed that the aqueous extract of O. sanctum treatment reduced the TBC and increased neutrophil and lymphocyte counts with enhanced phagocytic activity and phagocytic index. Similarly, the lysosomal enzymes contents of the milk polymorphonuclear cells (PMNs) were also enhanced significantly in animals treated with the extract. |
| Muller-Jakic B | Breu W, Probstle A, Redl K, Greger H, Bauer R | In vitro inhibition of cyclooxygenase and 5-lipoxygenase by alkamides from Echinacea and Achillea species | Planta Med | 1994, februari | 6-(1):37-40 | B | nee | nee | nee | ja | Achillea, Echinacea angustifolia , Anacyclus pyrethrum, Aaronsohnia pubescens | Polyunsaturated alkamides isolated from Achillea species, Echinacea angustifolia DC., Anacyclus pyrethrum (L.) Link, and Aaronsohnia pubescens (Desf.) Bremer & Humphries, (Compositae) were shown to possess inhibitory activity in in vitro cyclooxygenase (sheep seminal microsomes) and 5-lipoxygenase (porcine leukocytes) assays. Activity appeared to depend on the particular structure of the alkamides. | |
| Murphy J | The search for alternative feed additives | Ontario Ministery of Agriculture and food | 2000 | S | nee | ja | nee | nee | A2 | http://www.omafra.gov.on.ca/english/livestock/swine/facts/info_n_alternativefeed.htm | |||
| Naciri M | Fort G, Picaud T, Recoquillay F | Etude de l'efficacite de deux formules d'extraits vegetaux EMX1 et EMX2 dans la prevention des coccidioses à E. acervulina et E. tenella du poulet label | Sixtièmes Journeés de la Recherche Avicole | 2005 | St Malo, 30-31 mei | klin stud 4 | nee | nee | ja | nee | P | Eimericox | In order to prevent coccidiosis, 2 groups of infected chickens were treated via the feed with 2 plant-extract formulas, one tannin-based (EMX1), the other saponin-based (EMX2) at 1.5 kg/t and were compared to 2 control groups, one infected untreated (IUT), the other uninfected (UI) but receiving feed supplemented with 33 ppm robenidine in order to prevent any accidental contamination. The study lasted 29 days. At one day of age (D1), 280 male chickens (Label JA 957) were split into 4 groups. On D8, after an individual weighing, 60 chickens were maintained per group and litters were contaminated by spreading an oocyst suspension containing the equivalent of 400,000 E. |
| Natural Remedies | Piggelo | 2003 | klin stud 3 | nee | ja | nee | nee | A2 | Piggelo | ||||
| Natural Remedies | Effect of Tyrel Liquid in treating clinical tympany conditions | 2003 | klin stud 3 | ja | nee | nee | ja | A3 | Tyrel Liquid | ||||
| Natural Remedies | Hepatoprotective action of Zigbir in albino rats | 2003 | B | nee | nee | ja | nee | Zigbir | |||||
| Natural Remedies | Zist | 2003 | klin stud 3 | nee | ja | ja | nee | N | Zist | ||||
| Natural Remedies | Evaluation of anti-diarrhoeal activity of NRPD (Stodi) in poultry | ? | klin stud 3 | nee | nee | ja | nee | A1 | Stodi | ||||
| Nazeer MS | Pasha TN, Abbas S, Ali Z | Effect of yucca saponin on urease activity and development of ascites in broiler chickens | Int J of Puoltry Sc | 2002 | 1(6):174-178 | klin stud 5 | nee | nee | ja | nee | A3 | Norponin 200 Liquid (yucca) | The study was conducted to ascertain the effect of "Norponin 200 Liquid" on urease activity and development of ascites in broiler chickens. Two commercial broiler rations were prepared containing 2810 Kcal/kg metabolizable energy and 20 % crude protein starter and 2900 Kcal/kg metabolizable energy and 18.50 % crude protein, finisher ration. 240 chicks were divided into four groups i.e. A, B, C and D, respectively. Each group had 60 birds and groups were further subdivided into 6 replicates having 10 birds each. Each group offered different concentrations of Norponin 200 Liquid. Group A was control group i.e. without medication. Groups B, C and D were offered 2.5, 5.0 and 7.5 ml Norponin 200 liquid/100 liter of drinking water, respectively. |
| Nchu F | Magano S, Eloff JN | In vitro anti-tick activities of the essential oil of Tagates minuta on adults of Hyalomma marginatum rufipes, Koch 1844 (Acari: Ixodidae) | BSAS Ethnoveterinary Medicine Conference | 2006 | B | nee | nee | nee | ja | P | Tagates minuta | In vitro studie | |
| Nott R | Kaul W | Phytogenic flavours maintain performance | Digestarom CD-Rom | 2002 | WSPA paper | klin stud 3 | nee | nee | ja | nee | A2 | Digestarom | CD rom beschikbaar via importeur (Speerstra) |
| Oetting LL | Utiyama CE, Giani PA, Ruiz US, Miyada VS | Efficacy of antimicrobials and herbal extracts as growth promoters of weanling pigs | J. Anim. Sci. | 2004 | vol. 82, Suppl. 1 | klin stud 5 | ja | ja | ja | ja | A2 | essential oils of thyme, clove and oregano | Two experiments involving a total of 80 weanling pigs (from 21 to 56 d of age) were conducted to compare antimicrobials and herbal extracts (HE) as growth promoters. Pigs were allotted to eight replications (pens of two pigs each) of five treatments in a randomized complete block design. Treatments consisted of: C - control, basal diet of corn, soybean meal, dried whey, lactose and dried plasma; A - basal plus antimicrobials (olaquindox, colistin, and Zn bacitracin, 50 ppm of each); HEa - basal plus 700 ppm HE; HEb - basal plus 1200 ppm HE; HEc – basal plus 2100 ppm HE. |
| Oviedo-Rondon EO | Hume ME, Hernandez C, Clemente-Hernandez S | Intestinal microbial ecology of broilers vaccinated and challenged with mixed Eimeria species, and supplemented with essential oils | Poult Sci. | 2006 | May; 85(5): 854-60 | klin stud 5 | nee | nee | ja | nee | P | Crina Poultry, Crina Alternate | Intestinal microbiota is an important component in the development of defense mechanisms in the gut mucosa. This project determined the dynamics of intestinal microbial communities (MC) of broilers vaccinated at first day of age with live oocysts of Eimeria species and fed diets supplemented with 2 specific essential oil (EO) blends, Crina Poultry (CP) and Crina Alternate (CA). Five treatments were analyzed: 1) unmedicated-uninfected (UU) control; 2) unmedicated-infected (UI) control; 3) vaccinated with Advent cocci-vaccine and without feed additive (COV) supplements; 4) vaccinated with Advent and supplemented with CP; and 5) vaccinated with Advent and supplemented with CA. The EO blends were added at 100 ppm to the same basal diets. |
| Oviedo-Rondón EO | Clemente-Hernandez S, Salvador F, Williams P, Losa R | Essential Oils on Mixed Coccidia Vaccination and Infection in Broilers | International Journal of Poultry Science | 2006 | 5 (8): 723-730 | klin stud 5 | nee | nee | ja | nee | P, J, A2 | Crina | One trial was conducted to evaluate the effects of two specific essential oil (EO) blends in broilers infected with viable oocysts of mixed Eimeria spp. Eight treatments were evaluated which consisted of three controls, two unvaccinated treatments and three treatments vaccinated at day of hatch with Advent® coccidia vaccine. The three controls were: 1) Unmedicated-Uninfected (UU), 2) Unmedicated-Infected (UI), and 3) antibiotic plus ionophore (AI). The two unvaccinated treatments were fed diets supplemented with either Crina® POULTRY (CP) or Crina® ALTERNATE (CA) at 100 ppm. Cocci-vaccinated treatments included one group fed diets without feed additives (WFA), and two fed diets supplemented with the two EO products (CP and CA) at the same concentration. |
| Pathak VP | Studies on experimentally induced aflatoxicosis in broilers | Thesis Dept. of Veterinary Pathology, Akola | 1998 | klin stud 4 | nee | nee | ja | nee | A3 | Zigbir | |||
| Pavneesh Madan | Pandey SK, Chhabra MB, Saxena MJ | Efficacy of a topical herbal gel in mastitis control | Int. J. of Animal Sci | 1996 | 11: 289-291 | klin stud 5 | ja | ja | ja | ja | G | Mastilep | Thirty crossbred cows were screened for sub-clinical mastitis using Mastitis Detection Strips (MDS) and Somatic Cell Counts (SCC). Out of 17 animals found positive for sub-clinical mastitis, 12 animals (Group I) were treated topically on the skin of the udder with a herbal gel- Mastilep, twice daily for a period of five days and the remaining five animals were kept as untreated controls (Group II). On the sixth day, the M.D.S. test proved negative for Group I while animals in Group II continued to show positive reactions. The SCC was significantly reduced in Group I from 6.68 ± 0.75 to 4.00 ± 0.96 x 105 cells/ml while SCC increased from 6.68 ± 0.75 to 44.66 ± 4.17 x 105 cells/ml in cows of Group II. |
| Peeters E | Driessen B, Steegmans R, Henot D, Geers R | Effect of supplemental tryptohan, vitamin E, and a herbal product on responses by pigs to vibration | J. Anim. Sci. | 2004 | 82:2410-2420 | klin stud 5 | nee | ja | nee | nee | N | Sedafit | Economic losses related to increased stress during the transport of pigs are well documented. The effects of supplementing of tryptophan, vitamin E, or a herbal product via feed or drinking water were investigated in terms of effects on stress response in pigs during transport simulation. The study consisted of three analogous experiments. For the testing in each experiment, the pigs were allocated to one of two treatments, with and without supplementation of a product. The applied doses were tryptophan, vitamin E, and Sedafit. Sedafit is a commercial herbal product containing Valeriana officinalis L. and Passiflora incarnata L. as active components. Pigs supplemented with tryptophan tended to spend more time lying down during the second hour of vibration. |
| Peeters E | Driessen B, Geers R | Influence of supplemental magnesium, tryptophan, vitamin C, vitamin E, and herbs on stress responses and pork quality | J.Anim.Sci. | 2006 | Jul;84(7):1827-38 | klin stud 5 | nee | ja | nee | nee | N | Sedafit | This study investigated the effects of supplemental Mg, Trp, vitamin C, vitamin E, and herbs on stress responses, skin lesions, and meat quality of slaughter pigs (106.0 ± 8.6 kg of BW). These 5 supplements were tested in 4 similar experiments. In Exp. 1, 2 treatments were tested: 1) control treatment without supplementation, and 2) supplementation of an herbal product (2.5 g/L of drinking water for 2 d). Eighty-eight pigs per treatment were involved, of which 40 were selected for meat quality measurements (over 4 replicates). The experimental design of Exp. 2 and 3 was the same as Exp. 1, except that in Exp. |
| Peñalver P | et al. | Antimicrobial activity of five essential oils against origin strains of the Enterobacteriaceae family | APMIS | 2005 | 113:1-6 | B | nee | ja | nee | nee | vluchtige olie oregano, tijm en majoraan | VO van O. vulgare was in deze studie vergelijkbaar in activiteit met VO van een Spaanse variëteit van tijm (Thymus zygis) en Spaanse majoraan (T. mastichina); VO van Spaanse oregano (Coridothymus capitatus) en Satureja montana hadden een sterkere antibacteriële activiteit; de geteste VO van O. vulgare bevat 75,7% carvacrol. | |
| Plumlee KH | Johnson B, Galey FD | Comparison of disease in calves dosed orally with oak or commercial tannic acid | J. Vet. Diagn. Invest | 1998 | 10(3):263-7 | B in vivo tox studie | ja | nee | nee | nee | eik | Commercial tannic acid has been used as a substitute for leaves and acorns in studies of oak toxicosis in some species. The toxicity of a commercial tannic acid given orally to calves was determined, and the clinical signs, laboratory findings, and pyrogallol production were compared with those found in calves dosed orally with oak leaves. The oak-fed calves developed the clinical signs and lesions characteristic of renal failure. Proteinuria developed by 48 hours in 1 calf and by 72 hours in the other calf. Both calves developed hematuria on day 4 and glucosuria on day 5. The blood urea nitrogen and creatinine values increased markedly on day 6. | |
| Pradhan NR | Utility of herbal topical gel in mastitis control and udder health improvement | Indian Vet. J. | 1999 | 76, June, 1999:546 -548 | klin stud 5 | ja | nee | nee | nee | G | Mastilep | A topical herbal gel Mastilep was evaluated by applying twice daily for 5 days on the udder and teats in the subclinical mastitis affected cows. Following treatment, the gel was found effective in correcting the SCM through reduced mean somatic cell counts and negative reaction to diagnostic test. The post treatment milk yield was also found to improve. In the healthy lactating cows also, the gel was found useful application in preventive mastitis. | |
| Preus HG | et al. | Minimum inhibitory concentrations of herbal essential oils and monolaurin for gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria | Mol. Cell. Biochem | 2005 | 272:29-34 | B | nee | ja | nee | nee | vluchtige olie oregano, Kassia-kaneel, laurierblad, mirte en lavendel | VO van O. vulgare was in deze studie vergelijkbaar in activiteit met VO van Kassia-kaneel (Cinnamomum cassia), VO van laurierblad (Laurus nobilis), mirte (Myrtus-species) en lavendel (Lavandula-species) waren minder actief; de VO van O. vulgare die is getest, was afkomstig van North American Herb and Spices (P73 Oreganol™) | |
| Progut | div. klinische studies op prive en univ proefbedrijven wereldwijd | div. | div. klin stud 3,4 | ja | ja | ja | ja | A4, A2 | Progut | ||||
| Quanz G | Weiss J | Ergebnisse eines Schweinemastversuches mit AROMEX en ERGOSAN-PROC | Beiträge der Veranstaltung in Fulda Bonn, VLK, Germany | 2002 | 127-130 | klin stud 4 | nee | ja | nee | nee | A2 | AROMEX, ERGOSAN-PROC | Forum angewandte Forschung in der Rinder- und Schweinefütterung Tagungsunterlage Beiträge der Veranstaltung vom 21 und 2232001 in Fulda Bonn, VLK, Germany |
| Radford M | Jeaurond E, Schumann B, Clunies M, Delange C | Supplementation of diets with herb extract enhances growth performance in newly weaned piglets | Ontario Swine research review | 2002 | p. 37 | klin stud 5 | nee | ja | nee | nee | A2 | kaneel, tijm, oregano | Een experiment met kruidenextracten toonde gunstige resultaten met een extract bestaande uit kaneel, tijm en oregano in concentraties van 0.5 en 0.75 % van het voer. Hier was de groei beter dan bij de controles. |
| Rahman H | An alternative approach for Mastitis control | Proc. 2nd Pan Commonwealth Vet. Conf. | 1998 | Bangalore, 1998: 332- 336 | klin stud 4 | ja | ja | ja | ja | G | Mastilep | Screening for subclinical Mastitis by a rapid detection test on milk samples in apparently healthy crossbred lactating cows found 53 of 105 animals(50.48%) positive. The result correlated very well with those of two other indirect tests viz. California Mastitis Test and Whiteside Test. Positive reaction in quarter milk samples was 128 out of 400 (32.0%) . Of these, 123(96.06%) yielded isolation of bacteria and /or fungi; Staphyloccoccus spp being the predominant pathogen (62.3%). Mastilep for treatment of subclinical mastitis was evaluated in these animals. It was applied topically on whole udder and teats after each milking (twice daily) for 5 days in one group of 20 cows and for 3 days in another group of 20 cows, keeping the remaining 13 animals as the untreated control. | |
| Rahman M | Shahiduzzaman M, Islam MK, Mondal MMH | In vitro anthelmintic effects of some indigenous plants against gastrointestinal namatodes of goats | BSAS Ethnoveterinary Medicine Conference | 2006 | B | nee | nee | nee | ja | neem, bitterkomkommer (Momordica charantia), knoflook (Allium sativum) en padmagulancha (Tinospora tomentosa), waterpeper (Polygonum hydropiper), ananas en zes andere planten | De activiteit van preparaten van neem, bitterkomkommer (Momordica charantia), knoflook (Allium sativum) en padmagulancha (Tinospora tomentosa), waterpeper (Polygonum hydropiper), ananas en zes andere planten werden vergeleken tegen verschillende veel-voorkomende nematoden bij geiten. Van de planten werden drie waterige en drie alcoholextracten gemaakt van oplopende sterkte. De larven waren moeilijker te doden dan de volwassen wormen maar vooral de ethanolextracten van neem, bitterkomkommer en padmagulancha kregen er veel grip op. Ook in Afrika werden verschillende anthelmintica voor geiten onderzocht, zoals cassave-blad (Manihot esculenta), blad van Acacia polyacantha en een leerlooi-poeder. | ||
| Rahmani HR | Speer W | Great successes in the lowering of pH value in the small intestine of monogastric animals by using natural feed additives and lowering the macro elements | 4. BOKU-Symposium Tierernährung - Tierernährung ohne antibiotische Leistungsförderer | 2005 | 114-119 | klin stud 4 | nee | nee | ja | nee | A3 | citroenzuur, APC | http://www.boku.ac.at/tte-symposium/Tagungsband/BOKU_Symposium_2005.pdf |
| Rahmani HR | Speer W | Natural additives Influence the Performance and Immunity of Broilers | Int J of Poultry Sc | 2005 | 4(9):713-7 | klin stud 5 | nee | ja | ja | nee | A2 | citroenzuur, APC | Animal nutrition as a scientific field is based on many basic sciences, such as chemistry, biochemistry, physiology and even microbiology. In this relation broiler production is one of the economic ways for protein supply. Regarding more than 32 antimicrobial compounds which is used in poultry production without any prescriptions and entering these compounds in human nutrition is considered more seriously. Recent advances in this field suggest using pre- and pro-biotics are more beneficial than antibiotics and have fewer disadvantages. This study was conducted to compare the effects of using an organic acid (citric acid) and natural additive (APC) on broiler performance and its relation with gut circumstances. |
| Rajhora | Pachauri | Efficacy of an externally applied herbal gel in bovine subclinical mastitis: Milk Quality Improvement | The Veterinarian | 2002 | 26(8), March 2002:4-6 | klin stud 5 | ja | nee | nee | nee | G | Mastilep | Subclinical mastitis (SCM) was detected involving 6 quarters in four lactating cows on the basis of reaction to Mastrip on milk samples, confirmed by somatic cell counts(SCC). The remaining 10 quarters of these cows were normal by milk tests. The cows were treated for SCM with Mastilep on whole udder after each milking for five days. Progressive reduction in the SCC compared to pre-treatment values was seen in the milk of affected as well as the normal quarters during the five days of treatment and the subsequent five days of observation. Additionally, there was reduction in pH and increase in the milk components (solids) especially fat. |
| Rivera E | Daggfeldt A, HU S | Ginseng extract in aluminium hydroxide adjuvanted vaccines improves the antibody response of pigs to porcine parvovirus and Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae | Vet. Immunol. Immunopathol. | 2003 | 91(1):19-27 | klin stud 5 | nee | ja | nee | nee | I | Ginseng | Ginseng, the dry extract prepared from the Panax ginseng C.A. Mayer-root contain immunomodulators named ginsenosides, which in the pig enhance the antibody response to viral and bacterial antigens. The enhancing effect of ginseng was demonstrated vaccinating pigs against porcine parvovirus (PPV) and Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae infections, using commercially available vaccines. The potency of the licensed, aluminium hydroxide adjuvanted; vaccines were compared with those supplemented with ginseng. The antibody response to PPV was measured by the haemagglutination inhibition (HI) test whereas the mouse potency test and ELISA evaluated the immune response to E. rhusiopathiae. Antibodies to the 64-66 kDa glycoprotein of the E. |
| Robertson JF | Palairet EM | A randomised control trial on the effects of liquid seaweed extract on calves fed a commercial milk replacer diet | BSAS Ethnoveterinary Medicine Conference | 2006 | klin stud 4 | ja | ja | ja | ja | A1, A3 | zeewierextract | Een klinische studie naar het effect van vloeibaar zeewierextract als voederadditief bij kalveren.Er is wat bezorgdheid over de gehaltes aan kationen maar arsenicum zit dusdanig gebonden dat de biologische beschikbaarheid minder dan 0,05 µg/kg is. Een hoog gehalte aan jodium (700-1200 mg/kg) kan aanleiding geven tot eieren en melk met een verhoogd jodiumgehalte. Het totale profiel van mineralen en sporenelementen van de zeewierproducten die in Schotland verhandeld worden, werd gepresenteerd. Eveneens werd een praktijkproef besproken, uitgevoerd op een melkveehouderij in Zuid-West Schotland in het voorjaar van 2006 bij twee rassen. De pasgeboren kalveren werden na twee dagen (bij vertrek naar de kalverstallen) om en om toegewezen aan een van de drie proefgroepen; een controlegroep die geen zeewierextract kreeg en twee groepen die 3 ml/dag of 6 ml/dag zeewierextract kregen. | |
| Rodehutscord M | Kluth H | Tierfütterung ohne antibiotisch wirkende Leistungsförderer | Züchtungskunde | 2002 | 74, 445-452 | sec | |||||||
| Rodenburg TB | Smolders M | Exenta kruidentinctuur biedt perspectief bij diarree-problemen | PraktijkKompas Varkens | 2004 | Mrt 16-17 | klin stud 4 | nee | ja | nee | nee | A1 | Exenta | Bij gespeende biggen is onderzocht of Exenta kruidentinctuur een alternatief kan zijn voor amgb’s. Biggen die Exenta kruidentinctuur door het drinkwater kregen, hadden minder vaak, en ook minder ernstige diarree dan dieren die voer zonder amgb’s kregen, gedurende de eerste twee weken na opleg. Dit vertaalt zich echter niet in betere technische resultaten. Maar dat geldt ook voor dieren die voer met amgb’s kregen. Exenta kruidentinctuur zou met name voor bedrijven met veel maag/darm- problemen een goede mogelijkheid kunnen bieden om de maagdarmgezondheid te stimuleren. |
| Rodenburg, TB | Krimpen van MM, Binnendijk GP, Smolders M | Exenta kruidentinctuur als alternatief voor AMGB's bij gespeende biggen | Praktijkboek ASG WUR | 2003 | nr 32 WUR | klin stud 4 | nee | ja | nee | nee | A2 | Exenta | Bij gespeende biggen is onderzocht of Exenta kruidentinctuur een alternatief kan zijn voor amgb’s. Biggen die Exenta kruidentinctuur door het drinkwater kregen, hadden minder vaak, en ook minder ernstige diarree dan dieren die voer zonder amgb’s kregen, gedurende de eerste twee weken na opleg. Dit vertaalt zich echter niet in betere technische resultaten. Maar dat geldt ook voor dieren die voer met amgb’s kregen. Exenta kruidentinctuur zou met name voor bedrijven met veel maag/darm- problemen een goede mogelijkheid kunnen bieden om de maagdarmgezondheid te stimuleren. |
| Rohilla PP | Bujarbaruah KM | Effect of Minovit-Forte And Ruchamax Feeding On Growth of Pigs | Ind. Vet. Med. J. | 1997 | 21, Sept., 1997, 238-242 | klin stud 5 | nee | ja | nee | nee | A2 | Ruchamax, Minovit-Forte | In present study an experiment (CRD) was conducted on eighteen Hampshire piglets ( 10 to 12 weeks age) to investigate the effect of Minovit -Forte and Ruchamax feeding on growth. The three grpops with equal number of replications were randomly alloted to one of the treatments; Viz. , Ruchamax feeding @ 0.2% (T1) MinovitForte feeding @ 0.2% (T2) and control group (T3). The analysis of variance revealed a highly significant (P<0.01) effect of Ruchamax and Minovit-Forte on growth of pigs under study. The overall average daily weight gain of pigs was calculated as; 331.25+5.31 ; 301.24 + 4.20 and 280.30 +3.78 gm, respectively for T3 , (429.18g/d) was recorded in the first group (Ruchamax fed @ 0.2%). |
| Rohilla PP | Bujarbaruah KM | Addition of Ruchamax in Ration Increase Growth of Pig | Animal sci. Section | ICAR research complex for CVEH region | klin stud 3 | nee | ja | nee | nee | A2 | Ruchamax | A farmers field study was conducted under their system of management and feeding schedule as well as at pig research farm. Ruchamax was added @ 15gm/17.5Kg of the pig ration. The growth rate obtained at the institute and farmers field as 33.25gm/day and 305.00gm/day respectively leading to attainment of 30Kg b.wt. at 6 month as compared to 17Kg in the existing pig population without any treatment. | |
| Roth-Maier DA | Maass N, Paulicks BR | First results on the use of Echinacea-cobs (Echinacea purpurea) in animal feeding | Proc. Vitamine und Zusatzstoffe in der Ernährung von Mensch und Tier, Jena | 2001 | 205-210 | klin stud 4 | nee | ja | ja | nee | A2 | Echinacea purpurea | |
| Roura E | Fontanillas R, Bikker P | Botanical additives masked by a flavor do not affect feed intake, growth, or fecal consistency in weanling pigs | J. Anim. Sci. | 2004 | vol. 82, Suppl. 1 | klin stud 5 | ja | ja | ja | ja | A2 | flavoring masking capsicum and chicory | Previous reports show that addition of botanicals to nursery diets may significantly reduce feed intake interfering with the assessment of potential benefits in piglets. A four-week trial was carried out at the Schothorst Feed Research, to study the effect on pig performance and fecal consistency after weaning of three botanicals (internal reference number [Ref] 44 with 3% capsicum, Ref 45 3% capsicum & 50% chicory extract, and Ref 46 50% chicory extract) dosed at 0.1, 0.2 & 0.4% for Ref 44 and 45, and 0.1 & 0.2% for Ref 46. Except for the negative control (T1) diet, a cherry-honey flavor was applied to all diets aimed at masking the botanicals (T3 through T10) or flavoring the control (T2). |
| Ryan Ph | Quinn T | Some beneficial offects of Yucca plant extracts in sheep and other domestic animals | Irish Scientist | 1999 | klin stud 4 | ja | nee | nee | ja | A3 | De-odorase (Yucca schidigera) | It may be concluded that the overall effects of De-Odorase are to reduce ammonia in a wide variety of situations and to increase ruminal fermentation and efficiency in ruminants such as sheep and cattle. Zie ook http://www.irishscientist.ie/P175.htm | |
| Ryan Ph | Quinn T, Mullally J, Leek BF | The effects of different fractions of Yucca plant extract (De-Odorase) on the fermentation of hay in ovine ruminal fluid in vitro | Int. J. Applied Research in Vet. Med. | 2000 | klin stud 5 | ja | nee | nee | nee | A3 | De-odorase (Yucca schidigera) | Yucca shidigera plant extracts contains both a glyco-fraction and a saponin fraction. The beneficial effects of yucca plant extracts in ruminants have been attributed to their ability to bind ammonia and enhance ruminal fermentation. The ammonia-binding ability of the extract is associated with the glyco-fraction. The extract has also been shown to increase short chain fatty acid (SCFA) production during fermentation of hay in ruminal fluid in vitro. This study was carried out to determine which fractions of the extract are responsible for these effects on ruminal fermentation. The effects of a commercial extract, De-Odorase (Alltech Ireland Ltd. Dunboyne, Co. | |
| Ryan T | Wilkinson JM, Cavanagh HMA | Antibacterial activity of raspberry cordial in vitro | Res Vet Sci | 2001 | 71, 1-5 | B | ja | ja | ja | ja | framboos | Onderzoek wees uit dat frambozensap en frambozenlikeur de groei van pathogene bacteriën ( E. Coli, Salmonella, Clostridia, Mycobacteria en Staphylocccen) significant remt. | |
| Sagdiç | et al. | Effects of Turkish spice extracts at various concentrations on the growth of Escherichia coli O157: | Food Microbiol | 2002 | H719 :473-80 | B | ja | ja | ja | ja | oregano: methanol extract; blad | Het methanol extract van O. vulgare was in deze studie vergelijkbaar in activiteit met de extracten van salie (Salvia fruticosa subsp. hirtum) en mirte (Myrtus communis), het extract van tijm (Thymbra spicata) had een sterkere antibacteriële activiteit terwijl het extract van komijn (Cuminum cyminum) minder actief was; de onderzochte planten zijn endemisch in Turkije. | |
| Savoini G | Bontempo V, Cheli F, Baldi A, Sala V, Mancin G, Agazzi A, Dell'Orto V | Effect of dietary supplementation with plant extracts, carbadox and colistin on growth performances, health status and immune response in post-weaning pigs | Digestarom CD-Rom | 2000 | piglet 114 | klin stud 4 | nee | ja | nee | nee | A2, I | Digestarom | CD rom beschikbaar via importeur (Speerstra) |
| Savoini G | et al | Alternative antimicrobials in the nutrition of postweaning piglets | Vet Rec | 2002 | nr 8/9:256 | klin stud 5 | nee | ja | nee | nee | gentiaanwortel, juniper olie, tijmolie, tanninen, silicinezuur plus commerciële kruidenmengsels (fyto niet gedef) | In een proef kregen biggen plantenmengsels waarin commerciële kruidenmengsels aanwezig waren plus gentiaanwortel, juniper olie, thijmolie, tanninen en silicinezuur, terwijl de positieve controles behandeld werden met colistine of carbadox. Uit de resultaten blijkt dat de proefgroep op groeiwaarden niet significant verschillend uitkwam. | |
| Schmidt B | Schuhmacher A, Boldt E, Gropp IM | Garlic: Influence on growth and health of poultry | Tagung Gesellschaft für Ernährungsphysiologie, Göttingen | 2002 | Proc. 56, 114 | klin stud 4 | nee | nee | ja | nee | A2 | knoflook | |
| Schmidt B | The use of Digestarom 1319 for dairy cows | Digestarom CD-Rom | 2004 | dairy cows 168 | klin stud 3 | ja | ja | ja | ja | G, A2 | Digestarom | Van dec. 2002 - okt. 2003 werd Digestarom gegeven aan 180 melkkoeien (controlegroep ook 180 koeien) in Thüringen (D). Het effect op melkgifte (kg) (parameters: melkeiwit [%], melkvet [%], ureum [%], celgetal, lactose [%]) en voedselopname werd maandelijks bepaald. De dosis was 2 gr./dier/dag; omdat de dieren in de winter iets minder aten met Digestarom werd hierop bespaard; in de hete zomer aten de diern meer met Digestarom (de controlegroep at toen erg weinig). Ook de melkproductie bleef meer constant. Over de 300 dagen gemeten werd er € 14,40 per koe meer melk afgezet. De kosten van het product waren voor 300 dagen € 6,12 per koe. | |
| Schmidt RJ | Kleinschmit DH, Ladd JM, Lynch JE, Kung L, Williams PG, Losa R | The effect of essential plant oils on milk production and composition from lactating dairy cows and on silage fermentation adn aerobic stability of corn silage | J. Dairy Sci. | 2004 | 87(Suppl.1):1219 | klin stud 5 | ja | ja | ja | ja | A2, A3 | Crina | Alternative feed additives have been studied and the use of plant secondary compounds is a promising option. A blend of essential oil components (CRINA Ruminant, CRINA S.A., Switzerland) was fed to lactating cows to study its effect on intake and milk production. Cows were fed a TMR of 15% alfalfa silage, 10% alfalfa hay, 25% corn silage, and 50% concentrate (DM basis). For a 2-wk pretreatment period all cows were fed 50 g of a limestone/CRINA blend that was mixed into the TMR to provide a daily intake of 0.6 g of CRINA/cow/d. At the start of an 8 wk treatment period cows were blocked on lactation number, pretreatment milk production and days in milk, and randomly allocated to one of two treatments: 1) 100 g of limestone or 2) 100 g of limestone/CRINA (1.2 g CRINA/cow/d). |
| Schöne F | Stand und Möglichkeiten der Anwendung von Heil- en Gewürzpflanzen in Thüringen | Thüringer Landesanstalt für Landwirtschaft | 2001 | sec | ja | ja | ja | ja | |||||
| Schou TW | Permin A | The effect of Stalosan F on selected poultry parasites | Helminthologia | 2003 | 40,no1:15-21 | klin stud 4 | nee | nee | ja | nee | Stalosan F | The changes in the occurrence of spleen CD4+ and CD8+ T subpopulations were examined after an external interfe-rence into the immunity (immunostimulation and immuno-suppression) of the host infected with the Toxocara canis eggs, in correlation with intensity of infection. The application of glucan immunostimulator (GI) (5 mg/kg b.w.) before T. canis infection moderated the fall of CD4+ cells and restored the short-time decrease of CD8+ cells which had been caused by the infection. The numbers of T. canis larvae in host tissues after GI modulation decreased by 43.4 % in the muscles and 51.0 % in the brain in com-parison with infected hosts without the immunostimulator. | |
| Schuhmacher A | Hofmann M, Boldt E, Gropp JM | Kräuter als alternative Leistungsförderer beim Ferkel | Beiträge der Veranstaltung in Fulda Bonn, VLK, Germany | 2002 | 85-87 | klin stud 4 | nee | ja | nee | nee | A2 | ? | Forum angewandte Forschung in der Rinder- und Schweinefütterung Tagungsunterlage Beiträge der Veranstaltung vom 21 und 2232001 in Fulda Bonn, VLK, Germany |
| Schuhmacher A | Hofmann M, Boldt E, Gropp JM | Effect of various herbs on performance and health of piglets | Tagung Gesellschaft für Ernährungsphysiologie, Göttingen | 2002 | Proc. 56, 109 | klin stud 4 | nee | ja | nee | nee | A2 | ? | |
| Scott-Baird E | Heckendorn F, Maurer V, Jackson F, Leifert C, Edwards S, Butler G | Evaluation of 6 plant extracts for potential anthelmintic properties under in vitro conditions | BSAS Ethnoveterinary Medicine Conference | 2006 | B | nee | nee | nee | ja | Tanacetum vulgare, Artemisia absinthium, Allium sativum, Thymus vulgaris, Salvia officinalis en Cassia angustifolia | Anthelmintische activiteit werd gemeten van preparaten (in verschillende concentraties) van Tanacetum vulgare, Artemisia absinthium, Allium sativum, Thymus vulgaris, Salvia officinalis en Cassia angustifolia. Drie assays met eieren en larven van Haemonchus contortus werden gebruikt. Alle planten bij alle concentraties remden significant de groei van de larven; absint was hier het minst effectief; senna remde 100% bij 3,12 ug/ml; Salie deed dit bij 12,5 ug/ml. Het uitkomen van de eitjes werd bij de hoogste concentratie (25 ug/ml) significant geremd door alle zes planten, alle lagere concentraties hielden dit niet tegen. De mobiliteit van de larven werd het meest geremd door knoflook en tijm (reeds bij 6,25 ug/ml ongeveer 50%); absint en senna hadden hierop geen effect; tanacetum en salie remden pas 50% bij 25 ug/ml. | ||
| Shah KD | Dhakal IP | Comparative efficacy of different diagnostic tests in detection of bovine mastitis | Blue Cross | 1998 | 2:11-13 | 1 | ja | nee | nee | nee | G | Mastilep | An experiment was conducted at veterinary Teaching hospital , Institute of Agriculture and Animal Science, Rampur from July, 1997 to Dec. 1997 to determine the comparative efficacy of four diagnostic tests viz. three indirect tests (Mastrip Test, California Mastitis Test and White site Test) and one bacterial culture. A total of 106 quarters milk samples of 29 buffaloes and 23 cows collected from both apparently healthy and clinically Mastitic animal of western Chitwan were found to be positive for clinical Mastitis (CM) as well as subclinical Mastitis (SCM) . The results of this study indicated that out of four diagnostic tests, bacterial culture was found to be the most sensitive(95%) followed by Mastrip(89%), California Mastitis test (80%) and modified white side test(66%). |
| Shanmugavelu S | Acamovic T, Cowieson AJ | Effect of thyme oil and garlic powder on the nutritive value of soybean meal | Br Poult Sci. | 2004 | Apr;45 Suppl 1:S54-5 | klin stud 5 | nee | nee | ja | nee | A2 | thyme oil | |
| Shanmugavelu S | Brooker JD, Acamovic T, Cowieson AJ | Effect of thyme oil and garlic powder on microbial fermentation in various sections of the gastrointestinal tract of broilers | Br Poult Sci. | 2004 | Apr;45 Suppl 1:S9-10 | klin stud 5 | nee | nee | ja | nee | A3 | thyme oil | |
| Si W | Si W, Gong J, Tsao R, Kalab M, Yang R, Yin Y | Bioassay-guided purification and identification of antimicrobial components in Chinese green tea extract | J Chromatogr A. | 2006 | Sep 1;1125(2):204-10 | B | ja | ja | ja | ja | groene thee | The Chinese green tea extract was found to strongly inhibit the growth of major food-borne pathogens, Escherichia coli O157:H7, Salmonella Typhimurium DT104, Listeria monocytogenes, Staphylococcus aureus, and a diarrhoea food-poisoning pathogen Bacillus cereus, by 44-100% with the highest activity found against S. aureus and lowest against E. coli O157:H7. A bioassay-guided fractionation technique was used for identifying the principal active component. A simple and efficient reversed-phase high-speed counter-current chromatography (HSCCC) method was developed for the separation and purification of four bioactive polyphenol compounds, epicatechin gallate (ECG), epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), epicatechin (EC), and caffeine (CN). The structures of these polyphenols were confirmed with mass spectrometry. | |
| Silvateam | Chestnut Extract | klin 2 | ja | ja | ja | nee | A2 | Chestnut Extract | Productinformatie met grafieken | ||||
| Silvestre FT | Rutigliano HM, Thatcher WW, Santos JEP, Staples CR (Alltech inc) | Effect of selenium source on production, reproduction and immunity of lactating dairy cows in Florida and California | http://www.engormix.com | 2007 | klin stud 3 | ja | nee | nee | nee | G | Sel-Plex (organisch selenium) | Supplementation of selenium to deficient diets often elicits a positive response whereas additional supplementation of Se-adequate diets would not be expected to produce additional clinical benefits. This appears to be the case when comparing the efficacy of Sel-Plex® in the present studies in which supplemental Sel-Plex® had distinctive effects on immune responses, uterine health, plasma selenium concentrations, and second service pregnancy rates in Se-deficient Florida. In contrast, there were virtually no Sel-Plex® effects within the California study other than a significant increase in milk production. Zie ook http://dairy.ifas.ufl.edu/files/rns/2007/Thatcher.pdf | |
| Sims MD | Duffy C, Power RF, Hooge D | Performance of broiler chickens and turkeys exposed to Histomonas meleagridis (blackhead)-infected litter while fed diets supplemented with Natustat or Histostat | http://www.engormix.com | 2007, juli | klin stud 4 | nee | nee | ja | nee | P | Natustat | The performance of both turkeys and chickens in the two experiments suggests that Natustat™ may play an important role as a dietary supplement in poultry susceptible to histomoniasis. This is supported by the cecal and liver lesion scores in both species, which were generally not different between Natustat™ and Histostat®- supplemented birds. In addition, feed efficiency values of broilers and turkeys receiving Natustat™ were less affected by the histomoniasis challenge than those receiving Histostat®. Data from both experiments showed that H. meleagridis-challenged birds fed Natustat™ performed similar to (or intermediate to, depending on parameter) non-challenged, non-supplemented birds and challenged birds supplemented with Histostat®. | |
| Singh DK | Tongaonkar SS | Therapeutic efficacy of herbal topical gel AV/AMP/14* in acute mastitis | Indian Vet. Med. J. | 1997 | 21 March, 1997:71-73 | klin stud 5 | ja | nee | nee | nee | G | Mastilep | The trial was conducted in lactating dairy animals comprising 17 cows and 2 buffaloes. Both indigenous (Sahiwal) and exotic (Holstein) cows were selected for the study though all the buffalo included belonged to Murrah breed. The diagnosis of acute mastitis was done on the basis of clinical signs and Mastitis Detection Strips (MDS). Amongst the affected animals included in the study, sixteen of the animals were previously treated with intramammary infusion or systemic antibiotic therapy without success while three of the cases selected were fresh. Mastilep was topically applied on the udder and teats of all the affected animals after proper cleaning, post milking. |
| Singh S | Kumar R, Chhabra MS | Comparative chemo-prophylactic efficacy of Zicomill (IHP-250C) and Amprol Plus against coccidiosis in broiler chicks | Indian J. Indg. Med | 1991 | 8 | klin stud 4 | nee | nee | ja | nee | P, J | IHP-250C (Zicomill) | |
| Singh S | Herbal gel for the treatment of subclinical and clinical Mastitis in cross-bred | The Veterinarian | 1997 | 21, September, 1997: 1-2 | klin stud 5 | ja | nee | nee | nee | G | Mastilep | Fifteen cases of Sub Clinical Mastitis (SCM)were diagnosed by screening 65 lactating cows using Mastitis Detection Strip (MDS). The animals had no apparent sign of disease except a marginal decrease of milk yield by 5 to 20%. Another nine cases were diagnosed as Clinical Mastitis (CM)on the basis of marked inflammation of the quarters (pain, hot and swollen) with or without abnormality of milk (watery with or without flakes and clots). The cases of SCM and CM were treated with topical herbal gel Mastilep and combination of parentral antibiotic (tetracycline or tylosin) and Mastilep respectively for a period of 5 days. | |
| Sirvydis V | Bobiniene R, Priudokiene V, Vencius D | Use of digestarom 1317 Poultry, Premium - feed additive in broiler feeding | Digestarom CD-Rom | 2004 | broiler 154 | klin stud 3 | nee | nee | ja | nee | A2 | Digestarom | CD rom beschikbaar via importeur (Speerstra) |
| Smolders G | Werf J van der, Sulkers H, Kijlstra A | Alternatieve behandelingen in de strijd tegen subklinische mastitis | V-Focus | 2005 | juni;30-31 | klin stud 4 | ja | nee | nee | nee | G | Oleon, Masfrigao | |
| Smolders G | Werf J van der, Kijlstra A | Effect of alternative treatment in high SCC quarters on cell counts and pathogens | Animal Sciences Group Wageningen | 2006 | poster op?? | klin stud 4 | ja | nee | nee | nee | G | Oleon, Masfrigao | (ASR poster, geen rapport) Celgetal melkvee.Vergeleken werden placebo (10 ml), Masfrigao 15 ml (Chinees kruiden diergeneesmiddel) en ge-ozoneerde olijfolie (5 ml) intramammair toegediend in het kwartier met het hoogste celgetal. Na 17 dagen bracht de olie het celgetal met 51% terug, Masfrigao met 25%, vergeleken bij placebo Echter de bacteriologische genezing was heel goed bij Masfrigao (43% tegen Placebo 21% en Olie 24%). |
| Son KS | Kwon OS, Min BJ, Lee WB, Kim JH, Hong JW, Kim IH, Kim HS | Effects of dietary herbal extracts (Animon Plus) on growth performance and blood composition in nursery and growing pigs | J. Anim. Sci. | 2004 | vol. 82, Suppl. 1 | klin stud 5 | ja | ja | ja | ja | A2 | Animon Plus (Solanum xanthocarpum, Hedychium spicatum, Curcuma longa, Piper longum and Ocimum sanctum) | Two experiments were conducted to investigate the effect of herbal extracts (including Solanum xanthocarpum, Hedychium spicatum, Curcuma longa, Piper longum and Ocimum sanctum) on the growth performance and blood composition in pigs. A total of 96 nursery pigs were randomly allocated into four treatments with six replications for four weeks (initial average BW 27.6 ± 2.63 kg). Dietary treatments included: 1) Con (Control), 2) AB (Control + 0.1% Antibiotics), 3) AM (Control + 0.1% Animon) and 4) ABAM(Control + 0.1% Antibiotics + 0.1% Animon). For the overall period, ABAM (562 g) treatment increased ADG compared to CON (500 g) and AB (506 g) treatments (P<0.05). |
| Spielberger U | Die Behandlung der Endometritis des Rindes mit dem Physotherapeutikum Eucalyptus compositus in der tierärztlichen Praxis | ZGT | 1991 | 6, 68-72 | klin stud 4 | ja | nee | nee | nee | G | Eucalyptus | ||
| Stein M | Oregano: Hochwirksam und mehr als nur ein Pizzagewürz | http://www.animal-health-online.de/phy/index.html | 2005 | sec | ja | ja | ja | ja | oregano | Zur Verbesserung und europaweiten Vereinheitlichung des Verbraucherschutzes fordert die EU - Verordnung 2377 / 90, daß für alle Arzneistoffe, wenn sie bei lebensmittelliefernden Tieren eingesetzt werden sollen, ein sogenanntes MRL - Verfahren zur Festlegung eines Rückstandshöchstwertes einzuleiten ist. Dies führte dazu, daß eine Vielzahl von Arzneistoffen nicht mehr für die Therapie zur Verfügung stehen. So hat der Verlust der Nitrofurane (Furazolidon, Nitrofurantoin, Furaltadon), der Nitroimidazole (Ronidazol, Metronidazol, Dimetridazol) und Chloramphenicol für die Therapie von lebensmittelliefernden Tieren und der hieraus zwangsläufig verstärkten Nutzung der verbleibenden Antibiotika zu einer beachtlichen Resistenzsteigerung beigetragen. Zie ook http://www.animal-health-online.de/drms/rinder/oregano.htm | |||
| Steiner T | Wegleitner K | Gut management in Poultry: update on natural growth promoters | http://www.engormix.com | 2007, mei | klin stud 4 | nee | nee | ja | nee | A2 | P.E.P. 1000 (Biomin) | Several feeding strategies may be implemented to assist in promoting health and performance status in poultry production. Acidification of diets prevents microbial contamination and may stimulate growth performance. Combined administration of probiotics and prebiotics has the potential to accelerate the establishment of a beneficial gut microflora, which protects the host from invasion by pathogens. Supplementation of diets with specific NSP-degrading enzymes improves litter quality as well as nutrient and energy digestibilities. The use of phytogenics may stabilize the gut microflora to a certain extent. Most of the effects of the Natural Growth Promoters depend on the age of the animals as well as on the dosages at which these ingredients are included in the feed. Zie ook http://www.engormix.com/gut_health_management_in_e_articles_452_AVG.htm | |
| Stoni A | Zitterl-Eglseer K, Kroismayr A, Wetscherek W, Windisch W | Ätherische Öle in der Ferkelfütterung: Effekt auf die Nährstoffverdaulichkeit und die Wiederfindung im Gewebe | 4. BOKU-Symposium Tierernährung - Tierernährung ohne antibiotische Leistungsförderer | 2005 | 147-153 | klin stud 4 | nee | ja | nee | nee | A2, A3 | eth olie div | http://www.boku.ac.at/tte-symposium/Tagungsband/BOKU_Symposium_2005.pdf |
| Taucher J | et al. | Analysis of compounds in human breath after ingestion of garlic using proton-transfer-reaction mass spectrometry | J. Agric. Food Chem. | 1996 | 44:3778-82. | B | nee | nee | nee | nee | Allium sativum (knoflook) | Na het eten van knoflook kunnen allyl methyl (di)sulfide, diallyl (di/tri)sulfide en dimethyl sulfide in de uitgeademde lucht worden gedetecteerd; deze niet aan antibacteriële activiteit gerelateerde studie toont wel aan dat knoflook en bestanddelen/metabolieten hierin uit de voeding worden geabsorbeerd en in de longen terecht komen | |
| Thieme R | Kaul W | Einfluss phytogener Stoffe auf die Futteraufnahme unter Berücksichtiging der metabolischen Umsetzung | 4. BOKU-Symposium Tierernährung - Tierernährung ohne antibiotische Leistungsförderer | 2005 | 107-113 | klin stud 3 | nee | ja | nee | nee | A2 | Digestarom | http://www.boku.ac.at/tte-symposium/Tagungsband/BOKU_Symposium_2005.pdf |
| Ushid K | Maekawa M, Arakawa T | Influence of dietary supplementation of herb extracts on volatile sulfur production in pig large intestine | J Nutr Sci Vitaminol (Tokyo) | 2002 | Feb;48(1):18-23 | klin stud 5 | nee | ja | nee | nee | A3 | Perilla frutescens, Mentha piperita, Ajuga decumbens | Volatile sulfur compounds (VS) are generated in the large intestine by the bacterial metabolism of sulfate and sulfur amino acids. VS are potentially harmful to the host. The effect of dietary supplementation of herb extracts on volatile sulfur production in the large intestine of pig was evaluated in this study. The extracts Perilla frutescens (Soyou), Mentha piperita (Peppermint), and Ajuga decumbens (Kiransou) were fed to pigs equipped with a permanent cannula at the cecum. Cecal digesta were sampled and analyzed for ammonia and short-chain fatty acids (SCFA). Sampled digesta were incubated anaerobically either with or without L-methionine for 24 h to estimate volatile sulfur production in vivo. |
| Utiyama CE | Oetting LL, Giani PA, Ruiz US, Miyada VS | Antimicrobials, probiotics, prebiotics and herbal extracts as growth promoters on performance of weanling pigs | J. Anim. Sci. | 2004 | vol. 82, Suppl. 1 | klin stud 5 | nee | ja | nee | nee | A2 | garlic, clove, cinnamon, pepper, thyme | One hundred and twenty 21-d-weaned pigs were used to compare five treatments with 12 replications (pens of two pigs each) per treatment in a 35-d randomized complete block design experiment. Treatments consisted of: control - basal diet of corn, soybean meal, dried whey, lactose and dried plasma; antimicrobial - basal diet plus antimicrobials (Zn bacitracin and olaquindox, 50 ppm of each); probiotic - basal diet plus 1300 ppm probiotic (Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus licheniformis); prebiotic - basal diet plus 3000 ppm mannanoligosaccharide; herbal extract - basal diet plus 500 ppm herbal extracts (garlic, clove, cinnamon, pepper and thyme). Antimicrobial agents improved (P<.05) ADG during d 1-35 (+21.4%) and d 15-35 (+22%) post-weaning compared to pigs fed the control diet. |
| Varel VH | Miller DN, Lindsay AD | Plant oils thymol and eugenol affect cattle and swine waste emissions differently | Water Sci Technol | 2004 | 50(4):207-13 | sec | ja | ja | nee | nee | thymol, eugenol | Wastes generated from the production of cattle and swine in confined facilities create the potential for surface and groundwater pollution, emission of greenhouse gases, transmission of pathogens to food and water sources, and odor. It is our hypothesis that something which inhibits microbial fermentation in livestock wastes will be beneficial to solving some of the environmental problems. Our work has concentrated on the use of antimicrobial plant oils, thymol, thyme oil, carvacrol, eugenol and clove oil. Anaerobic one-litre flasks with a working volume of 0.5 L cattle or swine manure were used to evaluate the effect of thymol and eugenol on production of fermentation gas, short-chain volatile fatty acids, lactate, and bacterial populations. | |
| Veldkamp, T. | Harn J van, Middelkoop JH van | Alternatieven voor antimicrobiële voerbespaarders (AMGB's) in vleeskuikenvoer) | Animal Sciences Group Wageningen | 2004 | klin stud 4 | nee | nee | ja | nee | A2 | Crina (eth olie ng), Enteroguard, Foraform, Crina + Foraform-mix, Bio-Moss, Avi-Mos | Het effect van verschillende alternatieven voor antimicrobiële voerbespaarders (AMGB's) op de technische resultaten van vleeskuikens is vergeleken met een positieve en negatieve controle. Het weglaten van een AMGB leidde tot een verslechtering van het technisch resultaat. De onderzochte alternatieven konden het effect van het weglaten van een AMGB in het voer niet compenseren. | |
| Veldman A | Pos J, Enting H | Evaluation of Caromic in diets for broiler chickens | Schothorst Feed Reasearch | 2006 | klin stud 4 | nee | nee | ja | nee | A2, A1 | Caromic | Rapport via leverancier | |
| Vet Hon Veterinary Medicine | Contrast curative effect report for medicine cow clinical mastitis & its safety test | webpublicatie op http://www.cowmastitis.com | 1999 | klin stud 3 | ja | nee | nee | nee | G | Masfrigao | |||
| Vries A | Bestman M, Wagenaar J-P | Gebruik van kruiden bij de opfok van biggen | 2006 | klin stud 4 | nee | ja | nee | nee | A2, G | anijszaad, venkelzaad, brandnetelkruid(1:1:2); venkelzaad, tijmblad en CCM (8,5:1:0,5) | Looking at the average growth of the total number of piglets, there is no positive effect of the herbal treatment on growth. However there is a trend towards higher mortality in the herbal group. The results of the previous project “Kruiden in de Kraamstal” showed opposite results, namely that mortality was lower in the herbal group. The largest part of the farms shows a higher average growth for the piglets in the treatment group. However it is not clear whether this difference can be attributed to the use of one or both of the herb mixtures. The difference in growth between the two groups is not significant, due to a farm effect. | ||
| Wald C | Kluth H, Rodehutscord M | Effects of different essential oils on the growth performance of piglets | Tagung Gesellschaft für Ernährungsphysiologie, Göttingen | 2001 | Proc. 55, 152 | klin stud 4 | nee | ja | nee | nee | A2 | essential oils, fyto niet gedef. | |
| Wald C | Kluth H, Rodehutscord M | Dose-response-study with peppermint oil on growth and nutrient digestiblility in piglets | Tagung Gesellschaft für Ernährungsphysiologie, Göttingen | 2002 | Proc. 56, 112 | klin stud 4 | nee | ja | nee | nee | A2, A3 | peppermint oil | |
| Wald C | Die Wirkung phytogener Zusatzstoffe in der Tierernährung | Lohmann Information april-juni, ausgabe 2, 1-5 | 2004 | Lohmann Information april-juni, ausgabe 2, 1-5 | sec | Die gesundheitsfördernde Wirkung vieler Pflanzen ist den Menschen schon seit der Frühzeit bekannt. Das ist wahrscheinlich einer der Gründe, warum Zusatzstoffe auf pflanzlicher Basis heute vermehrt in der Tierernährung Verwendung finden. Wissenschaftliche Grundlagenuntersuchungen zu diesem Thema fehlen allerdings bislang. In ihren Ausführungen über „Die Wirkung phytogener Zusatzstoffe in der Tierernährung“ geht Dr. Christina Wald (Cuxhaven) am Beispiel verschiedener ätherischer Öle näher auf dieses Thema ein. Dabei befasst sie sich mit der Zusammensetzung und der Stabilität dieser Öle unter den praktischen Bedingungen der Futterherstellung und überprüft in mehreren Versuchsreihen, ob ätherische Öle mit einer hohen in vitro Wirksamkeit gegenüber praxisrelevanten Keimen auch im Tierversuch überzeugen können. | |||||||
| Waldenstedt L | Effect of vaccination against coccidiosis in combination with an antibacterial oregano (Origanum vulgare) compound in organic broiler production | Animal Sc | 2003 | 53, no2 | klin stud 5 | nee | nee | ja | nee | P | Orego-STIM | Effects on production and health in broilers vaccinated against coccidiosis (Paracox®, Schering-Plough Animal Health) in combination with an antibacterial organic compound (Orego-Stim®, Meriden Animal Health Ltd.) were investigated. To obtain an environment and infection level similar to practical conditions, experimental floor pens were set up in a commercial broiler chicken house. Orego-Stim® supplement increased live weight and feed intake up to 48 days of age, whilst feed conversion ratio was not significantly affected. Vaccinated birds had a significantly higher live weight between 34 and 48 days, compared to non-vaccinated, but vaccination did not significantly affect feed intake or feed conversion ratio. | |
| Walter BM | Bilkei G | Immunostimulatory effect of dietary oregano etheric oils on lymphocytes from growth-retarded, low weight growing-finishing pigs and productivity | Tijdschr diergeneeskunde | 2004 | Mar 15;129(6):178-81 | klin stud 5 | nee | ja | nee | nee | I, A2, J | oregano met extra etherische olie | The present study was designed to evaluate the possible effects of dietary oregano etheric oils as non-specific immunostimulating agents in growth-retarded, low-weight growing-finishing pigs. Dietary oregano improves growth in growth-retarded growing-finishing pigs and has non-specific immunostimulatory effects on porcine immune cells. |
| Wang JY | Hacker RR | Effects of Diaoxinxuekang on ascites in broilers | Poult Sci. | 1993 | Aug 72(8):1467-72 | klin stud 5 | nee | nee | ja | nee | C | Extract from a wild plant containing saponins (saponin IF-2, saponin DF-3, saponin IF-1) | To investigate whether Diaoxinxuekang (a Chinese medicine that is reported to improve blood circulation) plays a role in preventing ascites in broilers, day-old male broilers were divided randomly into four groups, each with seven replicates, and reared for 40 days. The birds were housed in a brooder room from Day 1 to 21 and then reared in an environmental chamber room under low temperatures. Diaoxinxuekang was added to rations at the rate of 0, 500, 1,500, and 3,500 mg/kg as Treatments 1 to 4. When Diaoxinxuekang was added to rations, body weight in the first 3 wk was increased significantly, but feed consumption remained unchanged. |
| Weber M | Schulze U, Stenzel P, Grimmer A, Gieschler U. | Einsatz von Sinta bion in der Vormast | Versuchsbericht Landesanstalt für Landwirtschaft und Gartenbau Sachsen-Anhalt | 2002 | klin stud 4 | nee | ja | nee | nee | A2 | Sinta bion | ||
| Weber M | Leistungsstimulierung bei wachsenden Schweinen durch die Zusatsfütterung einer Aromakräuterölmischung | Vortrag Eurotier Hannover | 2002 | klin stud 4 | nee | ja | nee | nee | A2 | essentiële oliën, fyto niet gedef | |||
| Wenk C | Einsatz von Käutern und deren Extrakten in der Tierernährung: Erwartungen und Möglichkeiten | 4. BOKU-Symposium Tierernährung - Tierernährung ohne antibiotische Leistungsförderer | 2005 | 17-27 | sec | ja | ja | ja | ja | http://www.boku.ac.at/tte-symposium/Tagungsband/BOKU_Symposium_2005.pdf | |||
| Wetscherek W | Dobretsberger M | Einsatz von LIVOL in der Schweinemast | Tagung Gesellschaft für Ernährungsphysiologie, Göttingen | 2002 | Proc. 56 | klin stud 4 | nee | ja | nee | nee | A2 | LIVOL | |
| Wetscherek W | Dobretsberger M, Leeb C | Effekte eines phytogenen Zusatzstoffes (IHP043) auf die Leistung von Absetzferkel | 4. BOKU-Symposium Tierernährung - Tierernährung ohne antibiotische Leistungsförderer | 2005 | 126-131 | klin stud 4 | nee | ja | nee | nee | A2 | IHP-043: Andrographis paniculata, Boerhaavia difusa, Eclipta alba, Terminalia arjuna, Phillanthus niruri, Medico sativa | Vleesvarkens (24-115 kg) kregen 0,5 g/kg voer IHP-043 en de dagelijkse groei (850 g) werd hierdoor 3,8% verhoogd. Bij 1 g/kg voer werd de dagelijkse groei 5,8% verhoogd. Ook de VC verbeterde. Bij een tweede studie gaf 0,5 g/kg voer al 7% verhoging van de dagelijkse groei. Een dubbele dosering verbeterde slechts 3%. |
| Wetscherek W | Einsatz von ätherischen Ölen (Fresta F) in der Ferkelaufzucht | 4. BOKU-Symposium Tierernährung - Tierernährung ohne antibiotische Leistungsförderer | 2005 | 132-139 | klin stud 4 | nee | ja | nee | nee | A2 | Fresta F | http://www.boku.ac.at/tte-symposium/Tagungsband/BOKU_Symposium_2005.pdf | |
| Wheeler GE | Wilson D, Misra SK | Clinical trials on herbal 'Nebsui' for commercial pig production | Phytomedica | 1999 | 20(1&2): 25-30 | klin stud 5 | nee | ja | nee | nee | A2 | Nebsui | Het preparaat Nebsui zou de groei bevorderen en de diarree verminderen. Zie ook: http://medind.nic.in/imvw/imvw5256.html |
| Wijnands AL | Krimpen van MM, Binnendijk GP | Digestarom als alternatief voor AMGB's bij gespeende biggen | Animal Sciences Group Wageningen | 2002 | Praktijkboek varkens 3 | klin stud 4 | nee | ja | nee | nee | A2 | Digestarom | rapport via leverancier |
| Youn HJ | Noh JW | Screening of the anticoccidial effects of herb extracts against Eimeria tenella | Vet Parasitol. | 2001 | Apr 19;96(4):257-63 | klin stud 5 | nee | nee | ja | nee | J, P | Efficacy of extracts from 15 different herbs, including Bupleurum chinese DC, Sophora flavescens Aiton, and Artemisia annua Linne | Ionophorous antibiotics have been popularly used in the treatment of avian coccidiosis. Tissue residue of these antibiotics may be found in poultry, we have sought safe alternative anticoccidial herbal materials for the control of avian coccidiosis. Efficacy of extracts from 15 different herbs, including Bupleurum chinese DC, Sophora flavescens Aiton, and Artemisia annua Linne was tested against Eimeria tenella. One-day-old broiler chicks were infected with a USDA reference book of E. tenella, and administered various herbal extracts.Survival rates, lesion scores, body weight gains, bloody diarrhea, and oocysts excretions were investigated at the first and the second week after infection. Bloody diarrhea in the S. |
| Zentek J | Mader A | The impact of plant extracts on the immune system | Presentation Biomin World Nutrition Forum | 2006 | sec | ja | ja | ja | ja | ||||
| Aarhus University | Chicory roots can replace castration | University of Aarhus Faculty of Agricultural Sciences | 2008 | http://www.agrsci.org | S | nee | ja | nee | nee | G | Chicory | The possible remedial effect of Persicaria senegalense in bovine subclinical mastitis was studied by in vitro and in vivo antimicrobial tests, using crude extracts and the leaf in different forms. The in vitro test showed that isolates of Staphylococcus aureus, Candida albicans and Corynebacterium bovis from subclinical cases and an isolate of Pseudomonas aeruginosa from a clinical case of mastitis were all inhibited by the three crude extracts at 820 g concentration. An in vivo trial feeding 1.5 kg of the cooked leaf per day for 5 days did not give a significant cure rate, whereas a second trial in which 0.77 kg of leaf powder, equivalent to 3 kg of wet leaf, was fed per day for 5 days resulted in an apparent cure rate of 92.8% (52.8% actual as there was a 40% spontaneous cure rate in the negative control group, in contrast to 80% (40% actual) in the positive control group treated with an intramammary antibiotic preparation. | |
| Hassan SM | Guar meal has anticoccidial activity | Feedinfo News Service | 2008 | klin stud 4 | nee | nee | ja | nee | P | Guar meal | |||
| Rosen GD | Holo-analysis aids in pro-nutrient choice | Feedstuffs | 2008 | Jan;80(03) | S | nee | ja | ja | nee | A2 | Bio-Moss | ||
| Baltzer S | Oregano als Futterzusatz bei landwirtschaftlichen Nutztieren | ETH Zürich, Inst. für Nutztierwissenschaften, Ernährungsbiologie | 2004 | term paper | klin stud 4 | ja | ja | ja | ja | A2 | Oregano | ||
| Burt S | Essential oils: their antibacterial properties and potential applications in foods - a review | Int J of Food Microbiol | 2004 | 94:223-53 | B | nee | nee | nee | nee | A3 | carvacrol, thymol, eugenol, perillaldehyde, cinnamaldehyde and cinnamic acid | In vitro studies have demonstrated antibacterial activity of essential oils (EOs) against Listeria monocytogenes, Salmonella typhimurium, Escherichia coli O157:H7, Shigella dysenteriae, Bacillus cereus and Staphylococcus aureus at levels between 0.2 and 10 µl ml-1. Gram-negative organisms are slightly less susceptible than gram-positive bacteria. A number of EO components has been identified as effective antibacterials, e.g. carvacrol, thymol, eugenol, perillaldehyde, cinnamaldehyde and cinnamic acid, having minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of 0.05-5 µl ml-1 in vitro. A higher concentration is needed to achieve the same effect in foods. Studies with fresh meat, meat products, fish, milk, dairy products, vegetables, fruit and cooked rice have shown that the concentration needed to achieve a significant antibacterial effect is around 0.5-20 µl g-1 in foods and about 0.1-10 µl ml-1 in solutions for washing fruit and vegetables. | |
| Burt S | Antibacterial activity of essential oils - potential applications in food | diss. IRAS, Utrecht | 2007 | klin stud 4 | nee | nee | ja | nee | A3 | oregano-olie (carvacrol) | Ziekteverwekkende bacteriën in voedsel zoals E. coli en salmonella kunnen ernstige ontstekingen in het maag-darmstelsel veroorzaken. In oregano-olie blijkt een bestanddeel te zitten (carvacrol) dat ervoor zorgt dat bacteriën meer moeite hebben om zich in de darm van mensen en dieren te nestelen. Dit zegt Sara Burt in haar proefschrift. Met deze eigenschap kan carvacrol als antibacteriële toevoeging in voedingsmiddelen of veevoeder gebruikt worden. Een van de voordelen van het gebruik van etherische oliën om bacteriën op voedsel te remmen is dat ze ook in de vorm van een damp toegepast kunnen worden. Het hoeft dan niet vermengd te worden met het uiteindelijke voedselproduct, zoals dat met veel andere conserveringsmiddelen wel gebeurt. | ||
| Ettle T | Frank M, Roth FX | Zur präbiotischen Wirkung von Fructooligosacchariden bei Ferkeln | 4. BOKU-Symposium Tierernährung - Tierernährung ohne antibiotische Leistungsförderer | 2005 | 211-5 | klin stud 4 | nee | ja | nee | nee | A2 | ? | |
| Gerber A | Salvia officinalis L. als Futteradditiv in der Schweinemast | Veterinärmedizinische Universität Wien | 1997 | PhD diss | klin stud 4 | nee | ja | nee | nee | A3, | Oregano | The effect of 0,2 % addition of an oregano preparation on the gut flora of the last third of the small intestine and the ascending large intestine of 12 weaned piglets was investigated. The addition of the oregano preparation affected significantly neither the germ counts of the small and large intestinal flora nor the microbial colonization and activity. Also, no stimulating effect on prefered microbial counts as lactobacilli was found. In a further step the influence of the oregano preparation (0,2 %) as well as the effects of a calcium formate (1 %) and a combination preparation (1 % with 0,375 % oregano portion) on the course of an experimental oral infection by enterotoxemic E. | |
| Günther KD | Bossow H | The effect of etheric oil from Origanum vulgaris (Ropadiar) in the feed ration of weaned pigs on their dairy feed intake, daily gains and food utilisation | 15th IPVS Congres Birmingham | 1998 | 223 | klin stud 4 | nee | ja | nee | nee | A2 | Ropadiar (oregano) | |
| Jongbloed AW | Maiorano R, Wagenaars CMF | Effect of several plant products on prevention of E.coli adhesion in the gastrointestinal tract of weaned piglets | ASG-WUR Referaat, Wageningen | 2007 | klin stud 4 | nee | ja | nee | nee | J, A3 | thyme/carvacrol and others | A challenge experiment was carried out which comprised six treatment groups each consisting of 12 individually housed piglets. Each group received one of the following pelleted diets: 1) Basal Diet (BD; Negative control); 2) BD + Yeast product (Positive control, 2.5 g/kg diet); 3) BD + Product SW 7 (25 g/kg diet); 4) BD + Product SW11 (25 g/kg diet) 5) BD + Sesame seed expeller (25 g/kg diet); 6) BD + Thyme/Carvacrol (Origanum spp.; 1.0 g/kg diet). The choice of the products used in the first five treatment groups was based on the results of an in vitro study by Becker et al. | |
| Krimpen MM van | Binnendijk G, Borgstede F, Prado C del | In vivo testing of alternatives for conventional treatment of in pigs | WUR rapport | 2007 | klin stud 4 | nee | ja | nee | nee | P | tijm, citroenmelisse en zonnehoed | The incidence of rejected pig livers due to infections with round-worm (Ascaris Suum) increases during time. These infections are often treated with chemically produced medicines like benzimidazoles, levamisole or macro cyclic lactones. The use of this medicines does not fit in the philosophy of organic pig farmers, because of ecological harm to the environment. Herb mixes seem to be able to reduce round-worm pressures low. A mixture of dried Thymus vulgaris, Melissa officinalis and Echinacea purpurea in a dosage of 5% in the diet showed to be preventive against a mild round-worm infection. The same mixture, however, was not effective in a lower dosage (3% in the diet) against a serious round-worm infection. | |
| Maribo H | Test of Biomin P.E.P. for weaners | Danish Bacon and Meat Council | 2002a | report no. 554 | klin stud 4 | nee | ja | nee | nee | A2 | P.E.P. 1000 | ||
| Maribo H | Test of Biogreen and Bio-Mos for weaners | Danish Bacon and Meat Council | 2002b | report no. 562 | klin stud 4 | nee | ja | nee | nee | A2 | Biogreen, Bio-Mos | In this trial, the effect of adding the commercial products Biogreen and Bio-Mos to weaner diets was studied. The trial was carried out in one herd with 344 pigs per group divided into 26 replicates per group. Group 1: Control; Group 2: Biogreen from Agrosom: 0.5 kg/tonne in diets 1 and 2; Group 3: Bio-Mos from Alltech: 4 kg /tonne in diets 1 and 1 kg per tonne in diets 2. There were no significant differences between the groups in mortality or in the frequency of treatments for diarrhoea. The analyses of the content of nutrients showed that all the diets complied with the standards for nutrients except for calcium, which was 5-12% below the standard in diet 1 in all groups and approx. | |
| Maribo H | Commercial products for weaners: Bio-Mos alone and combined with lactic acid and formic acid | Danish Bacon and Meat Council | 2003b | report no. 623 | klin stud 4 | nee | ja | nee | nee | A2 | Bio-Mos | This trial with weaners included three groups: a control group with no additives, a group with BioMos from Alltech combined with lactic acid and formic acid, and a group with BioMos only. The trial was carried out in a conventional herd, and comprised a total of 144 pigs per group and 22 replicates. Group 1: Control. Group 2: 4-6 weeks: 0.3% lactic acid, 0.3 formic acid, and 0.2% BioMos; 6-10 weeks: 0.15% lactic acid, 0.15% formic acid, and 0.05% BioMos. Group 3: 4-6 weeks: 0.4% BioMos 6-10 weeks: 0.1% BioMos. There were no differences between the groups in mortality or in the frequency of treatments for diarrhoea. | |
| Maribo H | Commercial diets for weaners: Pioner Feed ADD-S, benzoic acid, and Ropadiar alone and combined with Greenacid LBF | Danish Bacon and Meat Council | 2003a | report no. 577 | klin stud 4 | nee | ja | nee | nee | A2 | Ropadiar (oregano), Pioner Feed ADD-S | This trial studied four different commercial products and a control diet for weaners. The trial was carried out in a herd with 165 pigs per group and 22 replicates per group. Group 1: Control. Group 2: Diet 1 (4-6 weeks): 1.2 kg Ropadiar + 4 kg Greenacid LBF per tonne. Diet 2 (6-10 weeks): 0.7 kg Ropadiar + 4 kg Greenacid LBF per tonne. Group 3: Diet 1 (4-6 weeks): 1.2 kg Ropadiar per tonne. Diet 2 (6-10 weeks): 0.7 kg Ropadiar per tonne. Group 4: 4-10 weeks: 2 kg Pioner Feed ADD-S per tonne. Group 5: 4-10 weeks: 5 kg benzoic acid per tonne. There were no differences between the groups in mortality or in the frequency of treatments for diarrhoea. The analyses of the nutrient contents in diets 1 and 2 generally showed good agreement between the calculated and the analysed contents. The trial showed that addition of Pioner Feed ADD-S or benzoic acid resulted in a significantly better productivity than when the control diet was used. | |
| Pettigrew JE | Miguel JC, Carter S | Dietary MOS may improve sow performance | Feedstuffs | 2004 | vol 27 no 53;1-5 | S | nee | ja | nee | nee | mannan oligosaccharides | There are now data from three primary experiments and three supporting ones on the effect of addition of MOS to the diet of sows for a few weeks before farrowing and throughout lactation, and those data are reviewed in this articled. Multiple experiments showed that MOS increased birth and of weaning weight and the preweaning growth rate and survival piglets. Zie ook http://goliath.ecnext.com/coms2/gi_0199-3564064/Dietary-MOS-may-improve-sow.html#abstract | |
| Ultee A | et al. | Adaptation of the food-borne pathogen Bacillus cereus to carvacrol | Arch Microbiol | 2000 | 174(4):233-8 | B | nee | nee | nee | nee | oregano, tijm | Carvacrol, a natural antimicrobial compound present in the essential oil fraction of oregano and thyme, is bactericidal towards Bacillus cereus. A decrease of the sensitivity of B. cereus towards carvacrol was observed after growth in the presence of non-lethal carvacrol concentrations. A decrease of the melting temperature (Tm) of membranes from 20.5 °C to 12.6 °C was the immediate effect of the addition of carvacrol. Cells adapted to 0.4 mM carvacrol showed a lower membrane fluidity than non-adapted cells. Adaptation of 0.4 mM carvacrol increased the Tm from 20.5 °C to 28.3 °C. The addition of carvacrol to cell suspensions of adapted B. | |
| Roy S | Sasmal NK, Misra SK | Efficacy of IHP-250C as coccidiostat in comparison with bifuran against Eimeria tenella and mixed oocysts infection in broiler chicks | Ind. Vet. | 1990 | 67(5):402-6 | klin stud 5 | nee | nee | ja | nee | P | IHP-250C | |
| Waters SM | Duffy CF, Power RF | PCR-DGGE analysis of the caecal microflora of Natustat supplemented turkeys challenged with Histomonas melagridis | Int J Poult Sci | 2005 | 4:620-7 | klin stud 5 | nee | nee | ja | nee | P | Natustat | Histomoniasis is a disease of turkeys on litter or range caused by the fragile protozoan Histomonas meleagridis, a parasite of worms, primarily spread in faeces, in Heterakis gallinarum (caecal worm) eggs or in Eisenia foetita (earthworms). Symptoms include poor feed conversion ratio (FCR), decreased body weight (BW), diarrhea, caecal and liver lesions, darkening of the facial regions and sometimes death. Nitarsone can be used as an aid in the prevention of histomoniasis. NatustatTM (Alltech, Inc., Nicholasville, KY), a proprietary plant derived product, is a natural alternative for the prevention of histomoniasis disease in poultry. In this trial, NatustatTM, was used at 1.925kg/Tonne and compared with nitarsone at 0.1875kg/Tonne in male Hybrid turkey diets to 42 d of age on histomonad infected litter from broiler breeders. |
| Ankri S | Mirelman D | Antimicrobial properties of gallicin from garlic | Microbes and Infection, Elsevier, Parijs | 1999 | pag. 125-9 | hoofdstuk | ja | ja | ja | ja | B | knoflook | |
| Cottrill RR | The role of selenium yeast in ruminants | http://www.engormix.com | 2007 | klin stud 5 | ja | nee | nee | nee | G | Sel-Plex (organisch selenium) | Selenium is an essential nutrient for ruminant livestock. Organic selenium (selenium yeast) is more bioavailable than inorganic forms (sodium selenite/selenate). Selenium and Vitamin E deficiencies negatively impact reproductive health and performance. Supplementation with both anti-oxidants is beneficial. Selenium yeast supplementation reduces somatic cells in milk. Selenium yeast supplementation can increase the selenium content of milk and meat, with positive effects on maternal selenium transfer and consumer benefits. Zie ook http://www.engormix.com/e_articles_view.asp?art=800&AREA=GDL | ||
| Cutler RR | Wilson P | Antibacterial activity of a new, stable, aqueous extract of allicin against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus | Br J Biomed Sci | 2004 | 61(2):71-4 | B | nee | nee | nee | nee | J | knoflook | http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_qa3874/is_200401/ai_n9352038 |
| Harmon RJ | Milk quality issues: what does it take to get somatic cell count down to 100.000 and keep it there? | http://www.engormix.com | 2002 | S | ja | nee | nee | nee | G | Mastitis continues to be the most costly disease problem in the dairy industry. Control of the contagious pathogens Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus agalactiae through effective programs of milking hygiene, dry cow therapy, postmilking use of germicidal teat dips and culling chronic cows has resulted in the eradication of S. agalactiae from many dairy herds and markedly reduced incidence of S. aureus. However, herds which have effectively controlled contagious pathogens and routinely produce milk of high quality with low bulk tank somatic cell counts may still suffer losses due to infections by environmental mastitis pathogens. In addition, such herds may experience seasonal or management-related outbreaks that increase the bulk tank somatic cell count accompanied by increased incidence of clinical cases. | |||
| Windisch W | Schedle K, Plitzner C, Kroismayr A | Use of phytogenic products as feed additives for swine and poultry | J Anim Sci | 2008 | 86:E140-E148 | S | nee | ja | ja | nee | This article summarizes experimental knowledge on efficacy, possible modes of action, and aspects of application of phytogenic products as feed additives for swine and poultry. Phytogenic feed additives comprise a wide variety of herbs, spices, and products derived thereof, and are mainly essential oils. The assumption that phytogenic compounds might improve palatability of feed has not been confirmed yet by choice feeding studies. Although numerous studies have been demonstrating antioxidative and antimicrobial efficacy in vitro, respective experimental in vivo evidence is still quite limited. The same applies to the supposition that phytogenic compounds may specifically enhance activities of digestive enzymes and nutrient absorption. | ||
| Kroismayr A | Natural growth promoters - a worldwide opportunity | PigProgress | 2007 | 23(4):14-6 | S | ja | ja | ja | ja | PDF online accessible | |||
| Lyons MP | Papazyan TT, Surai PF | Selenium in food chain and animal nutrition: lessons from nature | Asian-Aust J. Anim. Sci, zie http://www.ajas.info | 2007 | 20(7):1135-55 | S | ja | ja | ja | ja | A3 | Sel-Plex (organisch selenium) | Selenium is considered to be one of the most controversial trace elements. On the one hand, it is toxic at high doses and there is a great body of information related to environmental issues of Se contamination. On the other hand, Se deficiency is a global problem related to an increased susceptibility to various diseases of animals and humans and decreased productive and reproductive performance of farm animals. Optimisation of Se nutrition of poultry and farm animals will result in increased efficiency of egg, meat and milk production and even more important, will improve quality. From the data presented in the review it is clear that the main lesson which we have to learn from nature is how to use organic selenium in animal and human diets. |
| Halle I | thomann R, Bauermann U, Henning M, Köhler P | Einfluss einer gestaffelten Supplementierung von Kräutern oder ätherischen Ölen auf Wachstum und Schlachtkörpermerkmale beim Broiler | FAL Agricultural Research | 2004 | Issue 4 | klin stud 5 | nee | nee | ja | nee | A2 | Oregano and its essential oil, Savoury, Nigella sativa L. and Cacao husks | http://www.fal.de/nn_788872/SharedDocs/04__TE/DE/Publikationen/lbf__bericht__2004__4__219__229,templateId=raw,property=publicationFile.pdf/lbf_bericht_2004_4_219_229.pdf |
| Akhtar MS | Nasir Z, Abid AR | Effect of feeding powdered Nigella sativa L. seeds on poultry egg production and their suitablility for human consumption | Veterinarski Arhiv | 2003 | 73(3):181-90 | klin stud 4 | nee | nee | ja | nee | G | zwarte kummel | The effect of Nigella sativa L. (Kalongi) seeds was studied on the performance of layers and cholesterol contents of their egg-yolk. Ninety-six White-Leghorn layers of 40 weeks of age were divided into 12 experimental units/replicates (8 birds per replicate). These units were randomly distributed among four treatments (3 replicate per treatment). Four test rations were prepared by supplementing a commercial layer-ration with powdered Kalongi seeds at the rates of 0, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5 %. Results showed that Nigella sativa seeds significantly (P<0.05)increased egg production, egg mass, egg shell thickness, and Haugh unit value. However, there was no significant (P>0.05) change in yolk index, blood and meat spots. |
| Ibeagha AE | Ibeagha-Awemu EM, Mehrzad J, Zhao X | Selenium - immune functions and health of dairy cattle | http://www.engormix.com | 2007 | S | ja | nee | nee | nee | A3, G, I | Sel-Plex (organisch selenium) | In this review, the influence of selenium on immune functions of the cow, is examined, recent advances are highlighted and the physiological outcomes and consequences of selenium supplementation is discussed. Zie ook http://www.engormix.com/e_articles_view.asp?art=588&AREA=GDL | |
| Ramnath V | Rekha PS, Sujatha KS | Amelioration of heat stress induced disturbances of antioxidant defense system in chicken by Brahma Rasayana | eCAM | 2008 | 5(1)77-84 | klin stud 5 | nee | nee | ja | nee | N | Brahma Rasayana, 20% Emblica officinalis, 6 % Terminalia chebula en 33 kruiden (elk < 0.5 %) | Since the range of comfort zone or thermo neutral zone of domestic chickens is narrow, they become easily susceptible to heat and cold environmental stress. We evaluated Brahma Rasayana (BR) supplementation on concentrations of certain oxidative stress markers associated with heat stress. A total of 48 egg type male chickens of local strain were divided into six groups (n = 8) for the study. Three groups were fed with BR orally at the rate of 2 g/kg bw daily for 10 days prior to and during the period of experiment. Two of the four groups that were exposed to heat stress (HST i.e. |
| Delbeck A | Kräutercocktail stärkt Aufzuchtferkel | Dlz agrarmagazin/primus | 2008 | 3 | nee | ja | nee | nee | A1, A2, A3 | Urkraft Ferkel | http://www.dr-schaette.de/assets/files/0801sonderdruck_primus_urkraft_ferkel.pdf | ||
| Allen PC | Dietary supplementation with Echinacea and development of immunity to challenge infection with coccidia | Parasitology Research | 2003 | 19:74-78 | klin stud 5 | nee | nee | ja | nee | P | Echinacea purpurea | An experiment was conducted to examine the effects of dietary supplementation with 0.1% and 0.5% ground root preparations of Echinacea purpurea (EP; common name: purple cone flower) on the development of immunity following live vaccination and subsequent challenge with multiple coccidia species in an experimental model using a commercial live vaccine preparation. Effects of immunization and EP supplementation on weight gains before challenge, and weight gains, lesion scores and plasma levels of carotenoids and NO2-+NO3- following challenge were determined. In this experiment, combined live vaccination and feed supplementation with 0.1% or 0.5% EP during the first 2 weeks of life provided significant weight gain advantage compared to live vaccination alone. | |
| Augustine PC | McNaughton JL, Virtanen E, Rosi L | Effect of betaine on the growth performance of chicks inoculated with mixed cultures of avian Emeiria species and on invasion and development of Eimeria tenella and Eimeria acervulina in vivo and in vitro | Poult Sci | 1997 | 79:802-809 | klin stud 5 | nee | nee | ja | nee | P | Betaine | At 7 d postinoculation (DPI) with a mixed culture of avian Eimeria species, 21-d-old chicks maintained in batteries and floor pens on a diet containing 0.15% (3 lb/ton) betaine plus 66 ppm (60 g/ton) salinomycin were significantly heavier and had significantly lower feed conversion ratios and mortality than chicks fed diets containing 0.15% betaine or 66 ppm salinomycin alone, or the control diet. At 31 DPI, when the chicks were 45 d old, the differences between the diet groups were not as great as at 7 DPI. In vitro, except at high concentrations, betaine was nontoxic to sporozoites of Eimeria tenella or Eimeria acervulina and had little effect on their invasion and development in cultured cells. |
| Christaki E | et al. | Effect of a mixture of herbal extracts on broiler chickens with Eimeria tenella | Animal Research | 2004 | 53:137-144 | klin stud 5 | nee | nee | ja | nee | P | Apacox | The effect of dietary supplementation with Apacox (Apa-CT, s.r.l. Italy), a commercial preparation of herbal extracts, on the performance of broiler chickens experimentally infected with 6 x 10(4) sporulated oocysts of Eimeria tenella at 14 days of age, was evaluated. A total of 150 day-old Cobb-500 chicks separated into 5 equal groups with three replicates each, were used. Two of the groups, one challenged with E. tenella oocysts and the other not, were given a basal diet and served as controls. The remaining groups that were also challenged with E. tenella were administered a basal diet supplemented with Apacox at levels of 0.5 or 1.0 g(.)kg(-1) or the anticoccidial lasalocid at 75 mg(.)kg(-1). |
| Dalloul RA | Lillehoj HS, shellum TA, Doerr JA | Intestinal immunomodulation by vitamin A deficiency and lactobacillus-based probiotic in eimeria acervulina infected broiler chickens | Avian Diseases | 2003a | 47:1313-1320 | klin stud 5 | nee | nee | ja | nee | P | probiotica | In a 2 ~ 2 factorial study, a broiler starter ration was amended for vitamin A (control, C; deficient, A) and probiotic status (−, P) to investigate their modulatory effects on the host immune system. Birds were inoculated orally with Eimeria acervulina (EA) oocysts, and disease susceptibility was evaluated by assessment of fecal oocyst shedding. Humoral and local cellular mediated immunity were assessed by evaluation of antibody and cytokine (interferon-ƒÁ [IFN-ƒÁ] and interleukin-2 [IL-2]) levels in sera and intestinal secretions on a 3-day interval after inoculation. Fecal oocyst shedding was highest (P < 0.05) in A− birds, followed by AP, C−, and CP birds. |
| Dalloul RA | Lillehoj HS, Shellum TA, Doerr JA | Enhanced mucosal immunity to Eimeria acervulina by Lactobacillus-based probiotic | Poult Sci | 2003b | 82:62-66 | klin stud 5 | nee | nee | ja | nee | P | probiotica | http://ps.fass.org/cgi/content/abstract/82/1/62 |
| Dalloul RA | Lillehoj HS, Shellum TA, Doerr JA | Induction of local protective immunity to Eimeria acervulina by Lactobacillus-based probiotic | CIMED | 2005 | 28;351-361 | klin stud 5 | nee | nee | ja | nee | P | probiotica | Previously we have shown that resistance to Eimeria acervulina (EA) infection in broiler chickens was enhanced by a probiotic treatment. In the present studies, we examined cytokine and oocyst production under similar conditions using a commercial Lactobacillus-based probiotic. Day-old male broiler chicks were fed control or probiotic diets and were orally challenged with either 2~104 (Experiment 1) or 1~104 (Experiment 2) oocysts of EA at 3 weeks of age. For the first experiment, fecal oocyst shedding and IFN-ƒÁ levels in the culture supernatants of ConA-stimulated spleen lymphocytes were evaluated. Humoral and local cell-mediated immunity in the second experiment were assessed by evaluating antibody and cytokine (IFN-ƒÁ and IL-2) levels in sera and intestinal secretions on a 3-day interval post inoculation. |
| Dalloul RA | Lillehoj HS, Lee JS, Lee SH, Chung KS | Immunopotentiating effect of a Formitella fraxinea-derived lectin on chicken immunity and resistanve to coccidiosis | Poult Sci | 2006 | 85;446-451 | klin stud 5 | nee | nee | ja | nee | P | lectine | This study reports a novel immunopotentiating effect of a lectin (FFrL) extracted from the mushroom Fomitella fraxinea on poultry cell-mediated immunity and poultry coccidiosis. We describe the extraction of FFrL, its in vitro mitogenic activity and in vivo protection against an oral challenge infection with Eimeria acervulina. When tested on several cell types, crude FFrL agglutinated mouse erythrocytes and thymocytes and various other cells including murine and human cell lines. However, crude FFrL did not agglutinate human erythrocytes. Crude FFrL showed a potent mitogenic activity on chicken splenic lymphocytes, and at lower concentrations it exerted stronger mitogenic activity than Concanavalin A, a well-known potent mitogen for lymphocytes. |
| Elmusharaf MA | Bautista V, Nollet L, Beynen AC | Effect of a mannanoligosaccharide preparation on Eimeria tenella infection in broiler chickens | Int J Poult Sci | 2006 | 5;583-588 | klin stud 5 | nee | nee | ja | nee | P | mannanoligosaccharide | The hypothesis tested was that the feeding of mannanoligosaccharides (MOS) will suppress the signs of a coccidiosis infection in broilers. Two separate experiments were performed in which part of the broilers used were infected with Eimeria tenella. In each experiment there were three treatment groups: a negative control group fed the basal diet and two infected groups fed the basal diet without or with a commercial MOS preparation. The infection of the broiler chickens was successful as based on the caecal lesions, oocyst shedding and schizonts in the lamina propria of the caecum, but did not affect growth performance of the birds. |
| Elmusharaf MA | Peek HW, Nollet L, Beynen AC | The effect of an in-feed mannanoligosaccharide preparation (MOS) on a coccidiosis infection in broilers | Animal Feed Sc & Tech | 2007 | 134;347-354 | klin stud 5 | nee | ja | ja | nee | P | mannanoligosaccharide | In the current study with broiler chickens, the objective was to assess whether a mannanoligosaccharide (MOS) preparation would have anticoccidial activity. One-day-old birds were given a single, mild coccidiosis infection with a mixture of three Eimeria species: Eimeria acervulina, Eimeria maxima and Eimeria tenella. Infected and non-infected birds were fed a diet without or with 10 g MOS/kg. Growth performance, feed intake and feed conversion were not different (P>0.05) among the treatment groups. The feeding of the MOS preparation reduced oocyst excretion and diminished the severity of coccidiosis lesions induced by E. acervulina (P<0.05) but did not affect the lesions mediated by E. |
| Fernandez F | Hinton M, Gils B van | Dietary mannanoligosaccharide and their effect on chicken caecal microflora in relation to Salmonella enteritidis colonization | Avian Pathology | 2002 | 31;49-58 | klin stud 5 | nee | nee | ja | nee | A3 | mannanoligosaccharides | This study first investigates the effects of mash diet, or mash supplemented with either 2.5% mannoseoligosaccharide (MOS) or palm kernel meal (PKM), on the microflora of the hen caecal contents. Second, it investigates the effect of caecal contents of hens (HCC) fed mash or mash supplemented with MOS or PKM on the major microflora groups of chicks, and their inhibitory effect on Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis (PT4) colonization. Finally, this study investigates the effect over time of diets supplemented with MOS or PKM on S. Enteritidis colonization and the microflora of chicks. In hens, supplemented diets increased Bifidobacterium spp., while decreasing members of Enterobacteriaceae and Enterococcus spp., compared with the mash diet. |
| Fetterer RHPC | Augustine PC, Allen PC, Barfield RC | The effect of dietary betaine on intestinal and plasma levels of betaine in uninfected and coccidia-infected broiler chicks | Parasitology Research | 2003 | 90;343-348 | klin stud 5 | nee | nee | ja | nee | P | Betaine | Chicks fed betaine supplemented diets and infected with Eimeria acervulina and Eimeria maxima had markedly higher levels of betaine in the duodenum and mid-gut than unsupplemented, infected chicks. Uninfected chicks fed betaine exhibited almost twice the levels of betaine in the gut as infected chicks. Plasma betaine levels were lower in E. maxima-infected chicks than in E. acervulina-or Eimeria tenella-infected chicks. Betaine supplementation reversed the decrease in weight gain in E. maxima- infected chicks but had no effect on the decrease in weight gains in E acervulina- and E. tenella-infected chicks. Coccidia-infected birds on normal diets regularly exhibit increases in plasma NO 2 +NO 3. |
| Hayat B | Jabeen F, Hayat CS, Akhtar M | Comparative prophylactic effects of salinomycin and some indigenous preparations against coccidiosis in broiler chicks | Pakistan Vet J | 1996 | 16;164-167 | klin stud 5 | nee | nee | ja | nee | P | bakin (Melia azedarach) and karela (Momordica charantia) preparations | Prophylactic effects of bakin (Melia azedarach) and karela (Momordica charantia) preparations against coccidiosis in broiler chicks were compared with those of salinomycin. Four groups of 18 chicks were infected orally with 50 000 sporulated oocysts of mixed coccidia and were treated either with salinomycin, bakin or karela, or were left untreated. Another 18 chicks served as uninfected untreated controls. The birds treated with salinomycin had higher weight gain than uninfected untreated chicks while the birds treated with bakin and karela had higher body weight gain compared with the infected untreated group. The uninfected birds had significantly better feed conversion efficiency than the infected groups but the birds treated with salinomycin, bakin and karela utilized their feed more efficiently than the infected untreated birds. |
| Klasing KC | Adler KL, Remus JC, Calvert CC | Dietary betaine increases intraepithelial lymphocytes in the duodenum of coccidia-infected chicks and increases functional properties of phagocytes. | J of Nutrition | 2002 | 132;2274-2282 | klin stud 5 | nee | nee | ja | nee | P | Betaine | Betaine is used by cells to defend against changes in osmolarity. We examined relationships among betaine, osmolarity and coccidiosis. In the first experiment, chicks were fed corn-soy diets containing 0.0, 0.5 or 1.0 g/kg betaine; half were challenged with Eimeria acervulina (Cocci). Cocci decreased weight gain and feed efficiency and increased the osmolarity of the duodenal and jejunal mucosa (P < 0.01). Betaine decreased osmolarity of the duodenum (P < 0.01), especially in Cocci-challenged birds. Cocci increased the thickness (P = 0.04) of and number (P < 0.01) of leukocytes in the duodenal lamina propria especially at high betaine levels (interaction P = 0.05). |
| Lee SH | et al. | Influence of pediococcus-based probiotic on coccidiosis in broiler chickens | Poult Sci | 2007a | 86;63-66 | klin stud 5 | nee | nee | ja | nee | P | probiotica | In the present study, we examined body weight gains, oocyst shedding, and antibody responses of broilers fed the commercial probiotic MitoGrow' (MG). Day-old chicks were fed either a regular broiler diet (REG) or one of two probiotic diets supplemented with 0.1% (MG 0.1) or 0.2% (MG 0.2) of MitoGrow. Chicks were orally challenged with 5,000 or 10,000 sporulated oocysts of Eimeria acervulina (EA) or with 5,000 Eimeria tenella (ET) oocysts on days 10 or 12 of age, respectively. In EA-infected birds, 0.1% MitoGrow improved (P < 0.05) weight gain as compared to the other two groups, and reduced (P < 0.05) oocyst shedding in birds infected with 5,000 EA oocysts. |
| Lee SH | et al. | Effects of pediococcus and saccharomyces-based probiotic (MitoMax) on coccidiosis in broiler chickens | CIMED | 2007b | 30;261-268 | klin stud 5 | nee | nee | ja | nee | P | MitoMax (probiotica) | We investigated the role of the commercial probiotic MitoMax, containing Pediococcus acidilactici and Saccharomyces boulardii, as alternative control method against coccidiosis using weight gain, oocyst shedding, and antibody responses. Day-old broiler chicks were fed regular or probiotic diets supplemented with MitoMax at 0.01%, 0.1%, or 1.0% of diet, and challenged two weeks later with 5,000 oocysts of either Eimeria acervulina (EA) or Eimeria tenella (ET). The birds fed 0.1% of MitoMax-supplemented diet and infected with EA exhibited higher (P < 0.001) serum Eimeria-specific antibodies than other groups though their oocyst shedding and weight gains were not clearly improved. These results demonstrate that MitoMax may enhance the resistance of birds against coccidiosis by enhancing humoral immunity when included at 0.1% of the broiler diet. |
| Mandal SC | Sasma NK, Ray S | Effect of IHP-250C (Zycox) on lesion scores of Eimeria necatrix infected chicks | Ind. Vet. | 1994 | 71;119-120 | klin stud 5 | nee | nee | ja | nee | P | IHP-250C (Zycox) | |
| Oh HG | Youn HG, Noh HJ, Jang JW, Kang YB | Anticoccidial effects of artemisinin on the Eimeria tenella | Korean J Vet Research | 1995 | 35;123-130 | klin stud 5 | nee | nee | ja | nee | P | artemisia | |
| Matthew JO | Ward TL, Southern LL | Interactive effects of betaine and monensin in uninfected and Eimeria acervulina-infected chicks | Poult Sci | 1997 | 76;1014-1019 | klin stud 5 | nee | nee | ja | nee | P | Betaine | Three experiments (Exp.) were conducted to evaluate the interactive effects of dietary betaine (BET) and monensin (MON) in uninfected or Eimeria acervulina-infected chicks. The treatments were replicated with six (Exp. 1) or five (Exp. 2 and 3) pens of five chicks each. The experimental periods lasted 9 (Exp. 1 and 2) or 10 (Exp. 3) d each and the coccidiosis infections were established on Day 2 (Exp. 1 and 2) or Day 3 (Exp. 3) of the experiment. Average initial weight of the chicks was 101, 73, and 68 g in Exp. 1 to 3, respectively, and the initial age of the chicks was 5 (Exp. |
| McCann MEE | Newell E, Preston C, Forbes K | The use of mannan oligosaccharide and tannin as alternatives to antibiotic growth promoters and as a means of controlling coccidiosis in broiler chickens | Int J Poult Sci | 2006 | 5;873-879 | klin stud 5 | nee | nee | ja | nee | P | mannan oligosaccharide | Mannan-oligosaccharides (MOS) and tannin have been reported to have possible growth promoting properties and to possess properties which may control coccidiosis. A total of 300 broilers were divided into 15 groups of 20 birds (at day 1) and three groups of 20 birds were assigned to each dietary treatment. Treatment 1 was a negative control, basal diet, and MOS (SAF-Mannan, Lesaffre, 0.5 g/kg), tannin (condensed chestnut tannin, 0.5 g/kg) and MOS/tannin (0.5 and 0.5 g/kg respectively) were added to the basal diet to produce Treatments 2, 3 and 4. Treatment 5 was a positive control and contained the antibiotic growth promoter, avilamycin (Maxus®, Elanco). Birds assigned to Treatment 5 also received a commercial vaccine, BayCox 2.5% oral solution, in the drinking water (1 ml/litre) (positive control). |
| Spring P | Wenk C, Dawson KA, Blake DP | The effects of dietary mannan oligosaccharides on cecal parameters and the concentrations of enteric bacteria in the ceca of salmonella-challenged broiler chicks | Poult Sci | 2000 | 79;205-211 | klin stud 5 | nee | nee | ja | nee | A3 | mannan oligosaccharides | In a series of three trials in which 3-d-old chicks were orally challenged with 104 cfu of S. typhimurium 29E, birds receiving 4,000 ppm of dietary MOS had reduced cecal S. typhimurium 29E concentrations (5.40 vs 4.01 log cfu/ g; P < 0.05) at Day 10. In a second series of three trials with S. dublin as challenge organism, the number of birds that tested salmonella positive in the ceca at Day 10 was less when MOS was part of the diet (90 vs 56%; P < 0.05). To test the effect of MOS on concentrations of bacteria that do not express Type 1 fimbriae, a challenge trial was conducted with S. |
| Tamasaukas R | Ruiz R, Theis W, De Basillio V | Evaluation of the efficacy of Salstop and Digestor Broilers (Citrade C.A.), two products derived from citrus fruit seed extracts, against avian coccidiosis: floor pen studies | Parasitología al día | 1996 | 20;118-124 | klin stud 5 | nee | nee | ja | nee | P | Salstop, Digestor (citrus fruit seed extracts) | Orientado hacia la promoción de nuevos productos de actividad anticoccidial, entre otras acciones se evaluó la eficacia de dos productos, Salstop y Digestor Broilers (Citrade CA) para el control de la coccidiosis aviar, en un ensayo en piso con pollos de engorde. Se utilizaron 240 pollitos de 1 día de edad, distribuidos al azar en 6 grupos experimentales, con 4 réplicas c/u de 10 pollitos-réplica: I= Salstop-Inoculado; II= Salstop-No inoculado; III= Digestor Broilers-Inoculado; IV= Digestor Broilers-No Inoculado; V= No medicado-Inoculado (control+) y VI= No Medicado-No Inoculado (control-). Las aves se medicaron vía alimento desde el 1 día de edad, a la dosis de: Salstop 50 g/ton (grupos I y II) y Digestor Broilers 1 kg/ton (grupos III y IV), realizándose el reto parasitario al día 15 de edad de las aves, de manera individual (grupos I, III y V). |
| Tipu MA | Pasha TN, Ali Z | Comparative efficacy of salinomycin sodium and neem fruit (Azadirachta indica) as feed additive anticoccidials in broilers | Int J Poult Sci | 2002 | 1;91-93 | klin stud 5 | nee | nee | ja | nee | P | Neem fruit | The anticoccidial efficacy of a herb, neem fruit (Azadirachta indica) is compared with an ionophorus anticoccidial Kokcisan (salinomycin sodium) against coccidiosis in broilers. Two hundred and forty one-day-old broiler chicks were reared for 42 days. These birds were divided into 6 groups i.e. A,B,C,D,E and F comprising of 40 birds each. There were six treatments, 25 gm salinomycin sodium/50 kg feed (A), 50 gm ground neem fruit/50 kg feed (B), 100 gm ground neem fruit /50 kg feed (C), 150 gm ground neem fruit/50 kg feed (D), infected non-medicated (E), non-infected non-medicated (F). Groups A,B,C,D and E were given a challenge dose of coccidial oocyst at the age of 22 days. |
| Waldenstedt L | Elwinger K, Lunden A, Thebo P, Uggla A | Effect of betaine supplement on broiler performance during an experimental coccidial infection. | Poult Sci | 1999 | 2;182-189 | klin stud 5 | nee | nee | ja | nee | P | Betaine | A trial was conducted to investigate the effects of betaine as a feed supplement, given singly and in combination with the ionophore coccidiostat narasin, on broiler performance during an experimental coccidial infection. Five hundred and sixty female Ross broiler chickens were kept in floor pens and given a wheat-based diet. At 10 d of age, 420 chickens were individually inoculated with a mixture of Swedish chicken Eimeria isolates containing E. acervtulina, E. praecox, E. maxima, and E. tenella. Remaining birds were kept as uninoculated controls. The effects of betaine (0 or 1.0 g/kg) and narasin (0 or 70 ppm) added to the basal diet were evaluated. |
| Matthews JO | Southern LL | The effect of dietary betaine in Eimeria acervulina-infected chicks | Poult Sci | 2000 | 1;60-65 | klin stud 5 | nee | nee | ja | nee | P | Betaine | Two experiments were conducted to evaluate the effect of dietary betaine in broiler chicks with either chronic (CHR; 2.5 x 10(5) sporulated oocysts on Day 1, 4, 7, and 10) or acute (ACT; 1.0 x 10(6) sporulated oocysts on Day 1) Eimeria acervulina infections. Three hundred (Experiment 1) or 600 (Experiment 2), 4-d-old male chicks were used in the 14-d experiments. In both experiments, a 2 x 3 factorial arrangement of treatments was used: two levels of betaine (0 or 0.075%) and three levels of coccidiosis infection (uninfected, CHR, or ACT). Each treatment was replicated five (Experiment 1) or 10 (Experiment 2) times with 10 chicks per replicate. |
| Kettunen H | et al. | Dietary betaine accumulates in the liver and intestinal tissue and stabilizes the intestinal epithelial structure in healthy and coccidia-infected broiler chicks | Comp Bioch&Ph | 2001 | 4;759-769 | klin stud 5 | nee | nee | ja | nee | P | Betaine | The aim of this experiment was to study the patterns of betaine accumulation into intestinal tissue, liver and plasma of broiler chicks with or without coccidial infection. The chicks were raised on a corn-based, low-betaine diet with or without 1000 ppm betaine supplementation and with or without intestinal microparasite (Eimeria maxima) challenge to the age of 21 days. Plasma, liver, intestinal tissue and digesta of non-challenged (NC) birds and plasma and intestinal tissue of coccidiosis challenged (CC) birds were analysed for betaine content. NC birds were also analyzed for homocysteine in plasma and S-adenosylmethionine (S-AM) in liver. The jejunal epithelium was histologically examined for the presence of coccidia and the crypt–villus ratio was measured. |
| Kim JT | et al. | In vitro antiprotozoal effects of artemisinin on Neospora caninum | Vet Parasitology | 2002 | 1;53-63 | B | ja | ja | ja | ja | P | Artemisia annua | Neospora caninum is an intracellular apicomplexan parasite that infects a wide range of mammals and has been associated with abortion in cattle worldwide. Artemisinin is an effective antimalarial compound derived from a traditional Chinese herbal remedy, qinghao or Artemisia annua L. In the study reported, the cultured host cells (vero cells or mouse peritoneal macrophages) infected with N. caninum tachyzoites were incubated with ¦Á-MEM (minimal essential medium) 10%HS supplemented with various concentration or artemisinin (20, 10, 1, 0.1 and 0.01 ¦Ìg/ml) to examine the efficacy of artemisinin against N. caninum tachyzoites intracellular multiplication. In long-term studies, at 20 or 10 ¦Ìg/ml for 11 days, artemisinin reduced N. |
| Naidoo V | McGaw LJ, Bisschop SP, Duncan N, Eloff JN. | The value of plant extracts with antioxidant activity in attenuating coccidiosis in broiler chickens | Vet Parasitology | 2008 | 153(3-4):214-9 | klin stud 5 | nee | nee | ja | nee | P | Combretum woodii, Tulbaghia violacea, Vitis vinifera, Artemisia afra | Four plant extracts with antioxidant activity were screened for their anticoccidial activity in vivo with toltrazuril as the positive control. Combretum woodii (160 mg/kg) proved to be extremely toxic to the birds, while treatment with Tulbaghia violacea (35 g/kg), Vitis vinifera (75 mg/kg) and Artemisia afra (150 mg/kg) resulted in feed conversion ratios similar to toltrazuril, and higher than the untreated control. T. violacea also significantly decreased the oocyst production in the birds. From this study we conclude that antioxidant-rich plant extracts have potential benefits in treating coccidial infections. The promising results obtained with T. violacea justify further studies on the potential value of the plant as a therapeutic or prophylactic anticoccidial agent. |
| Koon HY | Kim YH, Han JH | Effects of organic acids on prevention against. S. Typhimurium in weaning pigs | Korean J Vet Research | 2009 | 32(1):77-82 | klin stud 5 | nee | ja | nee | nee | A3 | Salstop | Pigs treated with Salstop tended to improve feed conversion ratio and reduced prevalence of salmonellosis. Zie ook http://www.kosves.re.kr/data/Korean_Ref/2009_32_1_77.pdf |
| Akhtar MS | Hafeez MA, Muhammad F, ul Haq A, Anwar MI | Immunomodulatory and protective effects of sugar cane juice in chickens against Eimeria infection | Turk J Vet Anim Sci | 2008 | 32(6):463-467 | klin stud 5 | nee | nee | ja | nee | P | suikerriet | Present paper reports the effects of sugar cane juice (SCJ) on immune responses and its protection against Eimeria (mixed species) infections in broiler chickens. Experiment 1 was conducted to test the dose efficacy of SCJ and its effects onchickens against coccidiosis. Maximum weight gain per day was recorded in chickens given SCJ @ 400 mg/kg body weight. Significantly (P<0.01) low mortality and increased body weight gain per day were recorded in chickens administered SCJ orally and challenged with mixed species of genus Eimeria. Furthermore, mild hemorrhages, lower lesion scores (+1), and significantly lower number of oocysts shed in faeces were recorded in immunized chickens compared to control. |
| Youn HJ | Lakritz J, Kim DY, Rottinghaus GE, Marsh AE | Anti-Protozoal efficacy of medicinal herb extracts against Toxoplasma gondii and Neospora caninum | Vet Parasitology | 2003 | 116(1):7-14 | B | ja | ja | ja | ja | P | Sophora flavescens, Sinomenium acutum, Pulsatilla koreana, Ulmus macrocarpa and Torilis japonica | The purpose of this study was to determine whether alcohol extracts of herbs (Sophora flavescens Aiton, Sinomenium acutum (Thunb.) Rehder and E.H. Wilson, Pulsatilla koreana (Yabe ex Nakai) Nakai ex T. Mori, Ulmus macrocarpa Hance and Torilis japonica (Houtt.) DC.) from South Korea, possess in vitro anti-protozoal activity against cultures of Toxoplasma gondii and Neospora caninum. These herbs have been used as human anti-parasitics in Asian countries for many years. Alcohol extracts of these herbs were serially diluted to final concentrations ranging from 625 to 19.5 ng/ml in media and added to wells containing either T. gondii or N. caninum tachyzoites in equine dermal (ED) cells. |
| Bae JH | Antimicrobial effect of Pulsatilla koreana extracts on food-borne pathogens | Korean J Nutr | 2004 | 37(8):655-661 | B | ja | ja | ja | ja | Pulsatilla koreana | This study was performed to investigate the antimicrobial effect of the Pulsatilla koreana extracts against food-borne pathogens. First, the Pulsatilla koreana was extracted with methanol at room temperatures, and fractionation of the methanol extracts from Pulsatilla koreana was carried out by using petroleum ether, chloroform, and ethyl acetate, and methanol respectively. The antimicrobial activity of the Pulsatilla koreana extracts was determined using a paper disc method against food-borne pathogens and food spoilage bacteria. The ethyl acetate extracts of Pulsatilla koreana showed the highest antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella enteritidis and Shigella dysenteriae. The Staphylococcus aureus and Shigella dysenteriae were inhibited by petroleum ether and chloroform extracts of Pulsatilla koreana as well as ethyl acetate extracts of Pulsatilla koreana. | ||
| Yang Y | Iji PA, Choct M | Dietary modulation of gut microflora in broiler chickens: a review of the role of six kinds of alternatives to in-feed antibiotics | World's Poultry Sc J | 2009 | 65:97-114 | S | nee | nee | ja | nee | A3, A4, P | probiotica, prebiotica, mannanoligosaccharides, symbiotica, fytobiotica | Since in-feed antibiotics (IFAs) are being taken out of broiler diets around the world, beginning in Sweden in the year 1986, the search for alternatives to replace IFAs has gained increasing interest in animal nutrition. Gut microflora appears to be the target for IFAs and alternatives to exert health benefits and some growth-promoting effects. In this review the effect of six kinds of alternatives to IFAs on gut microflora is discussed and their working mechanisms and growth-promoting effects are reviewed. This review focuses on mannanoligosaccharides (MOS) as alternative to antibiotics using research results obtained by various authors in recent years. Zie ook http://journals.cambridge.org/download.php?file=%2FWPS%2FWPS65_01%2FS0043933909000087a.pdf&code=6784b4eb56c217e767d2aaa56a4c8e16 |
| Zhang KY | Yan F, Keen CA, Waldrup PW | Evaluation of microencapsulated essential oils and organic acids in diets for broiler chickens | Int J Poult Sci | 2005 | 4 (9): 612-619 | klin stud 5 | nee | nee | ja | nee | A2 | RepaXol, Avigro | Two experiments were conducted to evaluate the use of two products containing essential oils in diets for broiler chickens. These products were RepaXol™, a mixture of essential oils (including oregano, cinnamon, thyme, and capsicum), and Avigro™, a mixture of essential oils along with organic acids (fumaric, citric, and malic). In the first experiment, conducted in litter-floor pens, eight replicate pens of 37 male and 37 female chicks of a commercial strain were fed a non-medicated corn-soybean diet, a diet containing antibiotics (bacitracin methylene disalicylate in starter and grower and virginamycin in finisher), a diet containing 0.5 kg/ton of Avigro™, and three additional treatments utilizing RepaXol™ at 100 g/ton continuously, 00 g/ton for 0-14 d, 75 g/ton for 14-35 d; 50 g/ton for 35 to 42 d, or 150 g/ton for 0-14 d, 100 g/ton for 14-35 d; 75 g/ton for 35 to 42d. |
| Khan MA | Younas M, Khan I, Abbas RZ, Ali M | Comparative efficacy of some herbal and homeopathic preparations against coccidiosis in broilers | Int J of Agr & Biol | 2008 | 10:358-60 | klin stud 5 | nee | nee | ja | nee | P | Polygonum bistorta Linn. (Anjbar), Agele marmelos (Bael), Merc sol. (Mercurius solubilis) and Darvisul liquid. | The study was designed to compare the efficacy of some herbal and homeopathic preparations against coccidiosis on the basis of weight gain, feed conversion ratio, oocyst count and mortality rate. A total of 240, day-old broiler chicks were reared under standard management practices. The chicks were randomly divided into six groups (A to F) on 22nd day of age. The chicks of all the groups except group F were inoculated orally with sporulated oocysts (30,000 chick-1) and treated with Polygonum bistorta Linn. (Anjbar), Agele marmelos (Bael), Merc sol. (Mercurius solubilis) and Darvisul liquid. A. marmelos (Bael fruit) and Darvisul liquid showed better results in terms of weight gain, feed consumption, oocyst count as compared with P. |
| Lee SH | et al. | Protective effects of dietary safflower (Carthamus tinctorius) on experimental coccidiosis | J of Poultry Sci | 2009 | 2:155-162 | klin stud 5 | nee | nee | ja | nee | P | saffraan | This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of dietary safflower leaf on protective immunity against coccidiosis, the most economically important parasitic disease of poultry. White Leghorn chickens were fed a standard diet with or without safflower leaf and were either uninfected or orally infected with 5,000 sporulated oocysts of Eimeria acervulina. Protective immunity was assessed by body weight gain, fecal oocyst shedding, splenic lymphocytes proliferation, T lymphocyte subpopulations, and proinflammatory cytokine gene expression. We observed that the effect of safflower on experimental coccidiosis was dependant on the dose of the supplement used. A 0.1% (wt/wt) safflower-supplemented diet increased body weight gains of coccidia-infected chickens to a level identical to that of uninfected controls, and significantly reduced fecal oocyst shedding compared with animals that were given a non-supplemented standard diet. |
| Ashuma | Kaur Jaswinder, Kaur Gurpreet | Effect of Zycox and AV/CPP/12 on the sporulation and infectivity of Eimeria tenella oocysts in chicken | J of Vet Par | 2005 | vol 19 issue 2 | klin stud 5 | nee | nee | ja | nee | P | Zycox | Effect of Zycox (IHP-250C, a trade mark of Indian Herbs Ltd., Saharanpur) and AV/CPP/12 (a trade mark of M/s Dabur Ayurvet, Sahibabad) on the sporulation of oocysts obtained from chicks infected with different levels of Eimeria tenella was studied. It was observed that percent sporulation of oocysts was suppressed (i.e. fewer of them were sporulated) in comparison to oocysts obtained from unmedicated-infected chicks. There was no effect on sporulation time of oocysts between medicated and unmedicated groups. Reduced infectivity of sporulated oocysts was observed on the basis of lower lesion score, higher survivability and depressed oocysts production. Zycox and AV/CCP/12 caused reduction in the sporulation percentage of oocysts. |
| Bal Mandeep Singh | Ashuma, Kumar Hardeep, Kaur Ranjit, Kaur Paramjit, Singh Jasmer | Efficacy of some phytochemicals against Eimeria tenella infection in broilers | J of Vet Par | 2008 | vol 22, issue1 | klin stud 5 | nee | nee | ja | nee | P | IHP-250C (Zycox) | A floor-pen trial was conducted for assessing the efficacy of 0.3 and 0.4% concentration of two phytochemicals viz. IHP-250C and AV/CPP/12 against caecal coccidiosis caused by Eimeria tenella. Results of the trial indicated both the herbal anticoccidals were effective against clinical coccidiosis. IHP-250C 0.4% showed performance index (PI) 276 and average total oocyst production of 1.26 (million/bird). Weight gain record of uninfected-medicated group suggested that the drugs may have acted as growth promoters improving carcass characteristics. Histopathological finding revealed that drugs arrested the gametocytic stages of coccidia. This might be the cause of reduced oocyst output. The trial concluded that at higher (0.4%) concentration, both the drugs can be successfully used as a prophylactic in field conditions against caecal coccidiosis in broilers. |
| Alexopoulos C | Georgoulakis IE, Tzivara A, Kritas SK, Siochu A, Kyriakis SC | Field evaluation of the efficacy of a probiotic containing Bacillus licheniformis and Bacillus subtilis spores, on the health status and performance of sows and their litters | J Physiol Anim Nutr | 2004 | Dec;88(11-12):381-92 | klin stud 5 | nee | ja | nee | nee | G, A4 | BioPlus 2B | The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy of BioPlus 2B, a probiotic containing Bacillus licheniformis and Bacillus subtilis spores, on the health status and productivity of sows and their litters. A total of 109 gilts and sows were allocated into two experimental groups, as follows: untreated controls (UC) and BioPlus 2B (same feeding as the UC group plus BioPlus 2B) at a dose of 400 g/ton of feed (equal to 1.28 x 10(6) viable spores/g of feed). Treatment started from the day of allocation (14 days prior to the expected farrowing) up to the weaning day. Homogeneity of the groups was satisfied with regard to the parity. |
| Wang Y | et al. | The effect of probiotic BioPlus 2B® on growth performance, dry matter and nitrogen digestibility and slurry noxious gas emission in growing pigs | Livestock Sci | 2009 | 120(1-2):35-42 | klin stud 5 | nee | ja | nee | nee | A2, A4 | BioPlus 2B | For this study, 2 experiments were conducted to evaluate the effects of dietary BioPlus 2B® supplements on growing pigs. In experiment 1, 64 crossbred pigs (26.70 ± 0.50 kg) were subjected to a 35-day feeding trial (2 pigs/pen, 8 pens/treatment) in which the effects of the following four corn-soybean meal based dietary treatments were compared: 1) CON (basal diet); 2) B0.05 (basal diet + 0.05% BioPlus 2B®); 3) B0.1 (basal diet + 0.1% BioPlus 2B®) and 4) B0.2 (basal diet + 0.2% BioPlus 2B®). During the experimental period, average daily gain (ADG) tended to increase in a linear fashion (P = 0.08) with increasing levels of dietary BioPlus 2B®. |
| Link R | Kovác G, Hiscáková M | The effect of Bacillus licheniformus administration on average daily gain and feed utilization in pigs | Int Probiotic Conference Kosice | 2004a | klin stud 4 | nee | ja | nee | nee | A4, A2 | BioPlus 2B | http://www.chr-hansen.com/bioplus_2b/downloads.html | |
| Link R | Kovác G, Jesenská M | Probiotic as alternative to antibiotic use for growth promotion in agriculture | Int Probiotic Conference Kosice | 2004b | klin stud 4 | nee | ja | nee | nee | A4, A2 | BioPlus 2B | http://www.chr-hansen.com/bioplus_2b/downloads.html | |
| Winckless C | Farm trial with a Bacillus based probiotic feed additive for piglets | Int Probiotic Conference Kosice | 2004 | klin stud 4 | nee | ja | nee | nee | A4, A2 | BioPlus 2B | http://www.chr-hansen.com/bioplus_2b/downloads.html | ||
| Jorgensen JN | Kürti P | Novel approach to reduce pre-weaning mortality | Int Pig Topics | 19(1):11-13 | klin stud 3 | nee | ja | nee | nee | A4 | BioPlus 2B | http://www.chr-hansen.com/bioplus_2b/downloads.html | |
| Hauck R | Hafez HM | Effect of coated plant extracts on Histomonas meleagridis and growth of bacteria in vitro | Avian Diseases | 2007 | 51(4):880-883 | B | nee | nee | ja | nee | P | RepaXol | Three coated plant extracts (RepaXol and two experimental formulations) were tested for their minimal lethal concentration for histomonads in vitro and the effect of those substances on the bacterial growth in the histomonadal culture. After 48 hr, RepaXol and experimental formulation B were lethal to histomonads at a concentration of 1.25 microl/ml. Experimental formulation C was lethal at a concentration of 2.5 microl/ml. All products also decreased the growth of bacteria at concentrations inhibiting the growth of histomonads. |
| Sika J | Bilkei G | Effect of garlic (Allium sativum), horseradish (Armoracia rusticana) and enrofloxacin in the prevention of periparturient disorders and pre- and post-weaning mortality in swine | Pig Journal | 2003 | vol. 51, June | klin stud 5 | nee | ja | nee | nee | G | knoflook, mierikswortel | This study was designed to examine the effect of addition of garlic, horseradish or enrofloxacin in the prevention of periparturient disorders in sows and pre- and post-weaning mortality in piglets. The trial was performed in Hungary from September to December 1999 in a large herd of 1900 sows. ???? Sows of average body condition and parity were assigned pre-partum to one of four experimental groups and received in their diet either 1000 ppm dry garlic powder (group one), 1000 ppm dry horseradish powder (group two), 50 ppm enrofloxacin (group three) or no supplement (group four, control). The occurrences of periparturient disease complex (PDC), pre- (PM) and post-weaning mortality (PWM) were evaluated. |
| Yarru LP | Ledoux DR (supervisor) | Effects of aflatoxin on hepatic gene expression in a poultry model | University of Missouri - Columbia | 2008 | Msc thesis | nee | ja | ja | nee | A3 | curcumine (geelwortel) | http://edt.missouri.edu/Spring2008/Thesis/YarruL-043008-T10534/research.pdf | |
| Suchy Jr P | et al. | Hepatoprotective effects of milk thistle (Silybum marianum) seed cakes during the chicken broiler fattening | Acta Vet. Brno | 2008 | 77: 31-38 | klin stud 5 | nee | nee | ja | nee | A3 | Mariadistel | http://vfu-http://www.vfu.cz/acta-vet/archives/volume77/issue1/200877010031.html |
| Schiavone A | Righi F, Quarantelli A, Bruni R, Serventi P, Fusari A | Use of Silybum marianum fruit extract in broiler chicken nutrition: influence on performance and meat quality | J of Anim Phys and Anim Nutrition | 2009 | 91(5-6):256-262 | klin stud 5 | nee | nee | ja | nee | A3 | Mariadistel (Sylimarin) | The present study aimed at evaluating the effects of different doses of silymarin in diet on broiler performances and meat quality. For the trial, 180 male chicks (ROSS 508), were allocated in to three groups (S0, S40 and S80) of 60 animals each receiving a basal diet supplemented with 0 ppm, 40 ppm and 80 ppm of a sylimarin (provided by a dry extract of Silybum marianum fruits) respectively. During the trial feed consumption and live body weight were taken every 20 days. At the age of 40 and 60 days blood samples were taken in order to evaluate protein, aspartate aminotransferase, cholesterol, tryglicerides and uric acid. |
| Tedesco D | Steidler S, Galletti S, Tameni M, Sonzogni O, Ravarotto L | Efficacy of silymarin-phospholipid complex in reducing the toxicity of aflatoxin B1 in broiler chicks | Poult Sci | 2004 | 83(11):1839-1843 | klin stud 5 | nee | nee | ja | nee | A3 | Mariadistel (Sylimarin) | Silymarin, the standardized extract of Silybum marianum, is used as a hepatoprotector in man, and is a potent antihepatotoxic agent. This study focused on the effects of a silymarin-phospholipid complex in reducing the toxic effects of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) in broiler chickens. Twenty-one 14-d-old male commercial broilers were randomly allotted to 3 groups and treated as follows: basal diet alone [Group C (Control)]; AFB1 at 0.8 mg/kg of feed [Group B1]; AFB1 at 0.8 mg/kg of feed plus silymarin phytosome, a silymarin complexed form with phospholipids from soy, at 600 mg/kg of BW [Group B1+Sil]. Considering the whole growth cycle, BW gain and feed intake were lower in AFB1-treated birds with respect to controls (P<0.05). |
| Mandal SCN | Sasmal K, Roy S | A study on efficacy and effect on immunity of Zycox herbal anticoccidial agent against Eimeria necatrix infection in broiler chicks | J Indig Med | 1992 | 9:65-68 | klin stud 5 | nee | nee | ja | nee | P | IHP-250C (Zycox) | Anticoccidial efficacy of ZYCOX, a herbal anticoccidial agent of M/s INDIAN HERBS, at three different dose levels i.e. 0.3 percent, 0.45 percent and 0.6 percent in feed against Eimeria necatrix infection in broiler chicks was evaluated. The performance index clearly depicted its efficacy at the mentioned dose levels. It was also found that efficacy was higher in higher dose levels. The effect of medication on development of immunity was also evaluated. The calculated immunity index coupled with survival (percent), mean weight gain (percent) and lesion score protection (percent) conferred sufficient justification to conclude that the product has no interference with the development of immunity. |
| Mulla MS | Activity and biological effects of neem products against arthropods of medical and veterinary importance. | J Am Mosq Contr Assoc | 1999 | 15(2):133-152 | S | ja | ja | ja | ja | P | Neem fruit | Botanical insecticides are relatively safe and degradable, and are readily available sources of biopesticides. The most prominent phytochemical pesticides in recent years are those derived from neem trees, which have been studied extensively in the fields of entomology and phytochemistry, and have uses for medicinal and cosmetic purposes. The neem products have been obtained from several species of neem trees in the family Meliaceae. Six species in this family have been the subject of botanical pesticide research. They are Azadirachta indica A. Juss, Azadirachta excelsa Jack, Azadirachta siamens Valeton, Melia azedarach L., Melia toosendan Sieb. and Zucc., and Melia volkensii Gürke. | |
| Wallace RJ | Artaud L, Newbold CJ | Influence of Yucca shidigera extract on ruminal ammonia concentrations and ruminal microorganisms | Appl Envir Microbiol | 1994 | 60:1762-1767 | B | ja | nee | nee | nee | yucca | An extract of the desert plant Yucca shidigera was assessed for its possible benefit in ruminal fermentation. The extract bound ammonia in aqueous solution when concentrations of ammonia were low (up to 0.4 mM) and when the extract was added at a high concentration to the sample (20%, vol/vol). The apparent ammonia-binding capability was retained after autoclaving and was decreased slightly following dialysis. Acid-precipitated extract was inactive. No evidence of substantial ammonia binding was found at higher ammonia concentrations (up to 30 mM). When Y. shidigera extract (1%, vol/vol) was added to strained rumen fluid in vitro, a small (6%) but significant (P < 0.05) decrease in ammonia concentration occurred, apparently because of decreased proteolysis. | |
| Jadhav NV | Maini S, Ravikanth K | Comparative efficacy studies of herbal & synthetic choline supplements on broiler growth and performance | The Internet J of Vet Med | 2009 | vol 5 no 2 | klin stud 5 | nee | nee | ja | nee | A2 | Repchol | An experimental study in one hundred & eighty VenCobb broiler chickens was conducted to evaluate comparative efficacy of herbal and synthetic choline on body weight, weight gain, FCR, nutrient balance serum activities and economic benefit for 35 days on deep litter. A significant (P<0.05) increase in body weight gain was observed in synthetic and herbal fed groups. The findings also recorded significant (P<0.05) improvement in FCR in choline supplemented broilers when compared with low choline diet fed (control) birds. The results indicated significant (P<0.05) elevation in serum glucose levels and notable reduction in serum cholesterol levels in herbal choline incorporated broilers. |
| Košèová J | et al. | Effect of two plant extracts and Lactobacillus fermentum on colonization of gastrointestinal tract by Salmonella enterica var. Düsseldorf in chicks | Biologia | 2006 | 61(6):775-778 | klin stud 5 | nee | nee | ja | nee | P, A4 | ess olie van oregano en tijm, en probiotica | According to published data, it is well known that essential oils from plants possess antimicrobial activity against a wide range of pathogens, including Salmonella strains. The influence of the administration of essential oils from oregano (Origanum vulgare) and thyme (Thymus vulgaris) as well as Lactobacillus fermentum on crop, caecum, liver and spleen colonization by Salmonella enterica var. Düsseldorf in chicks was investigated in this study. For the experiment, one hundred 1-day old chicks were used, and they were divided into four groups: (i) untreated (C); (ii) treated with L. fermentum (L); (iii) treated with a mixture of oregano and thyme essential oils (OT); and (iv) treated with a combination of L. |
| Carpenter R | O'Grady MN, O'Callaghan YC, O'Brien NM, Kerry JP | Evaluation of the antioxidant potential of grape seed and bearberry extracts in raw and cooked pork | Meat Sc | 2007 | 76(4):604-610 | klin stud 5 | nee | nee | ja | nee | druivenpit, berendruif (bearberry) | The effect of grape seed extract (GSE) and bearberry (BB), on lipid oxidation (TBARS, mg malondialdehyde (MDA)/kg muscle), colour (CIE 'a' redness value), pH, microbial status (log10CFU colony forming units/g pork) and sensorial properties of cooked pork patties was investigated. GSE (0-1000 ìg/g muscle) and BB (0-1000 ìg/g muscle) were added to raw pork (M. longissimus dorsi) patties which were stored in modified atmosphere packs (MAP) (75% O2:25% CO2) for up to 12 days at 4 °C. Cooked pork patties were stored in MAP (70% N2:30% CO2) for up to 4 days at 4 °C. Mesophilic plate counts and pork pH were unaffected by GSE and BB. | |
| Ayasan T | Yurtseven S, Baylan M, Canogullari S | The effects of dietary Yucca schidigera on egg yield parameters and egg shell quality of laying Japanese quails (Coturnix coturnix japonica) | Int J of Poult Sc | 2005 | 4(3):159-162 | klin stud 5 | nee | nee | ja | nee | G | yucca | The present study was carried out to determine whether dietary Yucca schidigera powder would affect egg yield parameters and egg shell quality of laying Japanese quail (Coturnix coturnix Japonica). In this study, 30 female Japanese quails were used. The experimental quails were divided into two dietary treatment groups of similar mean weight comprising 30 birds each, which was divided into 3 subgroups of birds each. A standard layer feed, basal diet of the trial was supplemented with |
| Radko L | Cybulski W | Application of silymarin in human and animal medicine | J Pre-clinical and Clinical Research | 2007 | 1(1):22-26 | S | ja | ja | ja | ja | Mariadistel | Silymarin, the polyphenolic fraction from Milk Thistle (Silybum marianum) and its main component silybinin, are used almost exclusively for hepatoprotection in humans. Silymarin offers good protection in various toxic models of experimental liver diseases in laboratory animals. It effects, by antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, antifibrotic, antilipid peroxidative, membrane stabilizing and liver regenerating mechanisms. Its clinical applications in humans comprise therapy in alcoholic liver diseases, liver cirrhosis, Amanita mushroom poisoning, viral hepatitis, toxic and drug-induced liver diseases. Recognition of new silymarin derivatives opens new ways for its application in liver therapy. Silymarin application in veterinary medicine is also reviewed. | |
| Vojtísek B | Hronová B, Hamrík J, Janková B | Milk thistle (Silybum marianum, L., Gaertn.) in the feed of ketotic cows | Veterinarni medicina | 1991 | 36(6):321-330 | klin stud 5 | ja | nee | nee | nee | A3 | Mariadistel | Two comparative trials were performed, each with 16 cows which in the period of 2-6 weeks after parturition had 7.9 mg and more acetone in 1 litre of milk. The cows, crossbreds of the Czech Red-Pied cattle with the Holstein cattle, were divided into control and test groups, eight in each using the system of pairs. The cows of test groups were given for a fortnight feed rations containing a meal of milk thistle (Silybum marianum, L., Gaert.) seeds, at a rate of 0.3 kg per head/day with the contents of 2.34% silybin and silydianin (substances of the so called silymarin complex of the flavonolignane group). |
| Grabowicz M | Dorszewski P, Szterk P, Miko³ajczak J, Pi³at J | Influence of whole crop milk thistle silage on cows’ metabolism in a transition period | Medycyna Weterynaryjna | 2004 | 60 (7):673-784 | klin stud 5 | ja | nee | nee | nee | A3 | Mariadistel | The aim of the study was to determine the influence of milk thistle (Silybum marianum) silage on the activity of liver enzymes, triglycerydes, cholesterol and bilirubin level in the blood serum of cows. Two feeding groups were separated (8 animals in each group): A – control, B – experimental. The animals were fed using the PMR (Portion Mix Ration) system. The differentiating factor (group B) was milk thistle silage at a quantity of 11.5 kg (0.067 % silymaryn). Blood samples were taken for analysis two weeks before calving, and at 4 and 13 weeks of lactation. In the first 4 weeks of lactation in group B lower height of AspAT activity was noted as compared with control group (A). |
| Tedesco D | Tameni M, Steidler S, Galetti S, Di Pierro F | Effect of silymarin and its phospholipid complex against AFM1 excretion in an organic dairy herd | Milchwissenschaft | 2003 | 58(7):416-419 | klin stud 5 | ja | nee | nee | nee | G | Mariadistel | This study focused on determining the effect of silymarin and its complexed form with phospholipids from soy, named silymarin PHYTOSOME (trademark of Indena SpA) on reducing aflatoxin M1 (AFM1) excretion in cows' milk. In an organic dairy herd, known to be positive for AFM1 levels in bulk milk, 20 animals, fed the farm diet naturally contaminated with AFB1, were chosen on the basis of their milk production, days in lactation and parity. Each animal was previously tested for AFM1 levels in milk. The study lasted 3 months with two testing windows. The first treatment lasted 9 d with oral administration via gauge of silymarin extract (10 g/d). |
| Gawel A | Kotonski B, Madej J, Mazurkiewicz M | Effect of silimarin on chicken and turkey broilers' rearing and the production indices of reproduction hen flocks | Medycyna Weterynaryjna | 2003 | 59(6):517-520 | klin stud 5 | nee | nee | ja | nee | A3, G | Mariadistel | The aim of our study was to evaluate the influence of ailimarin on the effectiveness of chicken and turkey broilers' rearing, reproduction indices and adiposis prevention. The birds, which were administered silimarin in Sylimwet preparation at the dose of 0.5 kg and 1.00 kg/ton of the feed, demonstrated a higher final body weight (broilers - 4.8-6.6%, turkey-hens-2.5-3.00%, and turkey-cocks-1.94-3.84% respectively), An addition of silimarin to the feed increased hatchability in broiler briders by 1-4% and the number of hatching eggs by 1-2%. It also prevented an excessive adiposis in birds. The hepatoprotective effect of silimarin was also evidenced in the resuits of biochemical and histopathological examination in broilers. |
| Koncicki A | Bukowska A, Kaniewski R, Koncicka K | Effect of Silivet on the health of chicken broilers and turkeys | Biofaktor | ? | klin stud 3 | nee | nee | ja | nee | A2, A3 | Mariadistel, waterextract | The aim of our study was to evaluate the influence of silimarin (Silivet, ''Biofaktor'' Sp. z o.o.) on the health of chicken and turkey broilers. The birds were administrated silimarin at the dose of 1 ml/1litre of the water by 4-5 days. Chicken and turkey broilers, which were administrated silimarin demonstrated a higher final body weight (chicken broilers – 3,3%, turkey broilers – 4,1%) with lower feed consumption about 2,3% and 3,7% respectively in comparison to birds from control groups. The hepatoprotective effect of silimarin and influence on the normalisation lipids methabolism were also evidenced in the results of biochemical examination. | |
| Urbánczyk J | Hanczakowska E, Swiatkiewicz M | Herb mixture as an antibiotic substitute in pig feeding | Medycyna Weterynaryjna | 2002 | 58(11):825-912 | klin stud 5 | nee | ja | nee | nee | A2 | melisse, pepermunt, brandnetel, tijm, kweek, knoflook, capsicum, marjolein, koriander, boerenwormkruid en mariadistel | In this experiment 24 gilts and 24 crossbred barrows (Landrace × PLW × Duroc × Pietrain) were used to evaluate the efficiency of a multi-component herb mixture used as a substitute for fodder antibiotic in pig feeding. The herb mixture was composed of: Melissa officinalis, Mentha piperita, Urtica dioica, Thymus vulgaris, Agropyron repens, Allium, Capsicum annum, Origanum maiorana, Coriandrum sativum, Taraxacum vulgare, Silybum marianum. All the animals were kept in group pens and fed ad libitum with feed mixtures containing 13.2 MJ ME, 15/13% crude protein, 0.9/0.75% Lys and 0.55/0.53% Met+Cys. The gilts and barrows were assigned to three groups: Group I - receiving feed mixture without any additives, Group II - with 0.5% supplement of herbs, and Group III - 20 mg/kg of Flavomycine. |
| Thamsborg SM | Jorgensen, Brummerstedt E, Bjerregard J | Putative effect of silymarin (Arge pullata)-induced hepatotoxicosis in sheep | Vet Hum Toxicol | 1996 | 38(2):89-91 | klin stud 5 | nee | nee | nee | ja | A3 | Mariadistel | The prevention of hepatotoxicity from sawfly larvae (Arge pullata) was studied in 8 lambs by using silymarin, a botanical compound isolated from Silybum marianum. Of 2 lambs dosed orally with larvae only, 1 had a marked toxic response whereas the other responded poorly as judged from clinical parameters, blood biochemistry and pathology. Two lambs treated with penicillin, glucose and silymarin 7 and 24 h after larvae dosing were not affected by toxicosis, whereas 2 lambs treated similarly but without silymarin responded intermediate to the other 2 groups. Our study suggests a favorable effect using silymarin in treatment of sawfly larvae-induced ruminant hepatotoxicosis. |
| Mekala P | Punniamurthy N, Hariharan P | Protective effect of curcumin and silymarin against aflatoxicosis in broiler chicken | Ind Vet J | 2006 | 83(5) | klin stud 5 | nee | nee | ja | nee | A3 | Mariadistel | Aflatoxicosis was induced in commercial male broiler chickens using aflatoxin B1 from Aspergillus parasiticus and the ameliorative effects of curcumin (from Curcuma longa) and silymarin (from Silybum marianum) alone and in combination was studied by assessing production parameters (liveweight gain, feed intake and feed conversion efficiency). Curcumin (10-20 mg/bird/day) and silymarin (500-1000 ppm) produced dose-dependent improvements in the production parameters studied and they were more or less similar in their hepatoprotective effect. The drugs in combination produced better results comparable to that of the control birds, indicating the synergistic effect of the two flavonoids. |
| Mekala P | Hariharan P, Punniamurthy N | Inhibition of aflatoxin induced liver damage in broilers by curcumin and silymarin | Toxicol. Int.Vol | 2007 | 14(2):147-151 | klin stud 5 | nee | nee | ja | nee | A3 | Curcumine en Mariadistel (silymarin) | The present study was undertaken to evaluate the hepatoprotective effect of curcumin and silymarin alone and in combination, against aflatoxicosis in male broiler chicken. Liver damage was assessed by quantifying the serum levels of Total Protein, Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) supported by histopathological examination. Aflatoxin administration at 1 ppm level resulted in increase in serum ALT and AST, decrease in total serum protein with varying degrees of liver damage ranging from diffuse vacuolar degeneration of hepatocytes, necrosis and tendency for fibrosis. Curcumin (10mg, 20mg) and silymarin (500ppm, 1000ppm) produced dose dependant improvement in all the parameters studied and they were more or less similar in their hepatoprotective effect. |
| Lutsenko SV | et al. | Study of the effect of a liposomal form of silymarin on biochemical indices of the blood serum and productivity of broiler chicks | Russian Agr Sci | 2009 | 34(6):415-417 | klin stud 5 | nee | nee | ja | nee | B, A2 | A liposomal form of silymarin has been produced. The preparation promotes growth of muscle tissue and has a positive effect on the chemical composition and quality of meat, increasing the dry matter, fat, and total protein content in breast meat. | |
| Jamshidi AH | Ahmadi Ashaniani HR, Gholam Hosseini B, Bokaei S | Study on effects of oral administrating of Silybum marianum (L.) Gaertn. extract (silymarin) on biochemical factors and tissue changes caused by aflatoxin in broiler chickens | J of Med Plants | 2007 | 6(24):92-100 | klin stud 5 | nee | nee | ja | nee | A3 | Mariadistel | Background: In poultry industry the most common and important mycotoxin is aflatoxin, and decreasing its economical and sanitary damages by using effective and inexpensive substances is the target of most of the researchers. Objective: Since the pathologic effects of aflatoxin toxicity are more important in liver, kidney and muscles, and due to the mechanism of formation of the damages and also taking in to account the other studies on silymarin effects (extract of Silybum marianum) in preventing various liver and kidney diseases, the silymarin effects reviewed on preventing the losses caused by aflatoxin due to the poultry breeding farms conditions in Iran. Methods: In this study 56 one-day chicken, divided in to 4 groups, each group contains 14 chickens. |
| Kummer V | Maskova J, Zraly Z, Canderle J | Side effects of feeding Silybum marianum seed cakes to dairy cows | Veterinarstvi | 2000 | 50(2):55-58 | klin stud 5 | ja | nee | nee | nee | A3, G | Mariadistel | Structural and functional changes indicative of a weak estrogenic effect were found in uterus of ovariectomized cows fed a ration containing 500 g of Silybum marianum seed cake with 4.1 % of silymarin for 28 or 56 days. To avoid its possible adverse effect on fertility, such ration should not be fed for more than 4 to 5 weeks after parturition. On the other hand, it can be expected that, in addition to the hepatoprotective activity, silymarin may have favourable effects on post-partum involution of reproductive organs, particulary in cows with low levels of natural estrogens. |
| Tedesco D | et al. | Effects of silymarin, a natural hepatoprotector, in periparturient dairy cows | J Diary Sc | 2004 | 87:2239-2247 | klin stud | ja | nee | nee | nee | G | Mariadistel | Silymarin, a natural acknowledged hepatoprotector used in humans to treat liver diseases, has been tested in dairy cows during peripartum, a period during which animals are subject to subclinical fatty liver. Ten grams of silymarin (76% pure extract consisting in flavonolignans, taxifolin, and other trace compounds) per day, was administered as a water suspension by an oral drench to 15 cows from d 10 before expected calving to 15 d after calving. Milk production was measured, and colostrum, milk, and blood samples were analyzed during the experimental period. Treated animals showed the peak of milk production at 55 ± 1.85 d after calving, 1 wk before the control group (62 ± 3.27d); the average peak production was 41.6 ± 1.05 kg for the treated group vs. |
| Tedesco D | et al. | Silymarin, a possible hepatoprotector in dairy cows: biochemical and histological observations | J Vet Med | 2004 | 51(2):85-89 | klin stud 5 | ja | nee | nee | nee | A3 | Silymarin, a standardized extract from Silybum marianum seed, is a natural hepatoprotector used for the treatment of liver diseases in man. The aim of this study was to investigate its safety and efficacy in periparturient dairy cows. Ten treated and 10 control pregnant dairy cows were paired by parity, body condition score (BCS), health condition and previous milk production. Treatment consisted of daily 10 g per animal of silymarin extract administered as oral drenches, from 10 days prior to the calving date to 15 days after calving. Blood samples and liver biopsies were taken from each animal at 7 and 30 days after calving. | |
| Casali M | Landini I, Cevolani D | Milk thistle integration is useful for sows | Revista di Suinicoltura | 2003 | N. 10 | klin stud 4 | nee | ja | nee | nee | A3 | Mariadistel | Om de zeug na de bevalling weer goed op gewicht te krijgen (hetgeen vooral na de eerste worp een probleem is), werd Mariadistel gegeven. Het betreft het preparaat Siliphos (Mariadistel; preparaat bestemd voor humaan gebruik) waar het zaad met sojafosfolipiden verwerkt is. Het onderzoeksresultaat laat zien dat er sprake is van minder post-partum koorts (39% bij controlegroep/25% bij Mariadistelgroep) en maaltijden overslaan (58%/29%). Het preparaat werd verstrekt vanaf 1 week voor de worp t/m lactatie, spenen en de dekking. De proef is uitgevoerd met 2 groepen zeugen (n=133 verum en n=105 placebo). Zowel het speengewicht als het aantal overlevende biggen waren beter in de behandelde groep. |
| Cevolani D | Casali M, Landini I | Treatment with thistles is beneficial to sows | Revista di Suinicoltura | ? | ? | klin stud 5 | nee | ja | nee | nee | A3 | Mariadistel | The milk thistle (Silybum marianum) has been used in folk remedies for over 2000 years. Its main active principle is silimarin, which inhibits lipid oxidation, stimulates protein synthesis, inhibits the binding of toxins to hepatocytes, has an anticarcinogenic effect, and affects gene regulation of inflammation. Experiments on the effect of silimarin on litter size and weight, piglet body weight, and the interval from weaning to oestrus in sows are summarized. The effects were small, except for the effect on the weaning-oestrus interval, which averaged 5.6 days in sows given silimarin and 6.4 days in untreated controls. |
| Schiavone A | et al. | Effects of a natural extract of chestnut wood on digestibility, performance traits, and nitrogen balance of broiler chicks. | Poult Sci | 2008 | 87(3):521-527 | klin stud 5 | nee | nee | ja | nee | A2 | Silvafeed (kastanje) | Currently, feed ingredients containing tannin are attracting more interest as substitutes for antibiotic growth promoters in animal and poultry feeding. This study investigated the influence of a natural extract of chestnut wood (Silvafeed ENC) on broiler digestibility (experiment 1) and on the growth performance, carcass quality, and nitrogen balance of broilers (experiment 2). Results showed that the inclusion of ENC did not influence the apparent digestibility of organic matter, CP, and ether extract. Chick growth performance showed a quadratic or cubic response with increasing levels of ENC. When chicks were fed ENC from 14 to 56 d of age, the ENC had a positive effect on average daily gain in the first 2 wk of addition, whereas this effect was not evident in the last 2 wk compared with the control group. |
| Sivakumar S | Reddy KS, Gopala Reddy a, Kalakumar B, Anjaneyulu Y | A study on maduramicin toxicity and its amelioration by ginseng in broiler chicks | Toxicol Int | 2007 | 14(2):137-141 | klin stud 5 | nee | nee | ja | nee | A3 | ginseng | Maduramicin toxicity was studied in broilers and ginseng (2.5 g/Kg feed) was evaluated for prophylactic and therapeutic management of maduramicin toxicity. Day old male broiler chicks were randomly divided into 4 groups consisting of 6 chicks in each. Group 1 was maintained as basal diet control for 6 wks, group 2 on maduramicin (8 mg/Kg feed) for 6 wks, group 3 on a combination of maduramicin and ginseng for 6 wks and group 4 on maduramicin for the first 4 wks and during the subsequent 2 wks on ginseng containing feed (2.5 g/Kg feed) with out maduramicin. Weekly body weights, feed conversion efficiency, glutathione concentration and high density lipoproteins (HDL) were significantly (P< 0.05) reduced, while the activities of antioxidant enzymes, biomarkers of liver and the lipid profile, and the renal profile biomarkers were increased significantly (P< 0.05) in group 2 and 4 at the end of 4th wk as compared to group 1. |
| Iqbal A | et al. | Direct and indirect anthelmintic effects of condensed tannins in sheep | Vet Par | 2007 | 144(1-2):125-131 | klin stud 5 | nee | nee | nee | ja | P | looistoffen (condensed tannins) | Anthelmintic activity of condensed tannins (CT) was evaluated both in vitro and in vivo. In vitro tests included egg hatch test and paralysis/mortality assay on adult Haemonchus contortus. In vivo anthelmintic effect was determined by faecal egg count reduction test in lambs. To this end, 18 lambs were divided into three groups (low tannin, high tannin and control). The lambs of low and high tannin groups were fed diets containing 2 and 3% CT while the control group was fed on diets without CT. In vitro trials showed a dose-dependent inhibition of nematode egg hatching; whereas, there was no effect of CT on adult H. |
| Iqbal Z | Lateef M, Akhtar MS, Ghayur MN, Gilani AH | In vivo anthelmintic activity of ginger against gastrointestinal nematodes of sheep | J Ethnopharm | 2006 | 106(2):285-287 | klin stud 5 | nee | nee | nee | ja | P | gember | This paper describes the anthelmintic activity of Zingiber officinale Roscoe (family Zingiberaceae) rhizome, commonly known as ginger, to justify its traditional use in veterinary medicine. Crude powder (CP) and crude aqueous extract (CAE) of dried ginger (1–3 g/kg) were administered to sheep naturally infected with mixed species of gastrointestinal nematodes. Both CP and CAE exhibited a dose- and a time-dependent anthelmintic effect with respective maximum reduction of 25.6% and 66.6% in eggs per gram (EPG) of faeces on day 10 of post-treatment. Levamisole (7.5 mg/kg), a standard anthelmintic agent, exhibited 99.2% reduction in EPG. This study shows that ginger possesses in vivo anthelmintic activity in sheep thus justifying the age-old traditional use of this plant in helminth infestation. |
| Eguale T | Tilahunb G, Debellac A, Feleked A, Makonnene E | Haemonchus contortus: In vitro and in vivo anthelmintic activity of aqueous and hydro-alcoholic extracts of Hedera helix | Experimental Parasitology | 2007 | 116(4):340-345 | klin stud 5 | nee | nee | nee | ja | P | Hedera helix | In vitro anthelmintic activity of crude extracts of the ripe fruits of Hedera helix was investigated on eggs and adult nematode parasites Haemonchus contortus. Aqueous extract of H. helix was also evaluated for in vivo anthelmintic activity at dose of 1.13 and 2.25 g/kg in sheep artificially infected with H. contortus. ED50 for egg hatch inhibition was 0.12 and 0.17 mg/ml for aqueous and hydro-alcoholic extracts, respectively. There was no statistically significant difference in the activity of the two extract types (p > 0.05). Hydro-alcoholic extract showed better in vitro activity against adult parasites compared to the aqueous extract. Significant faecal egg count reduction (FECR) was detected in groups treated with both doses of H. |
| Jabbar A | Zaman MA, Iqbal Z, Yaseen M, Shamim A | Anthelmintic activity of Chenopodium album (L.) and Caesalpinia crista (L.) against trichostrongylid nematodes of sheep | J Ethnopharm | 2007 | 114(1):86-91 | klin stud 5 | nee | nee | nee | ja | P | Caesalpinia crista en Chenopodium album | Aim of the study The present study was carried out to determine the anthelmintic activity of Caesalpinia crista (L.) (Fabaceae) seed kernel and Chenopodium album (L.) (Chenopodiaceae) whole plant in order to justify their traditional use in veterinary medicine. Materials and methods In vitro anthelmintic activity of crude aqueous methanolic extract (AME) of both the plants was determined using mature Haemonchus contortus and their eggs in adult motility assay and egg hatch test, respectively. In vivo anthelmintic activity was evaluated in sheep naturally infected with mixed species of gastrointestinal nematodes by administering crude powder (CP) and AME in increasing doses (1.0–3.0 g/kg). Results Both plants exhibited dose- and time-dependent anthelmintic effects by causing mortality of worms and inhibition of egg hatching. |
| Suszkiw J | Broiler chicks may benefit from "spicier" feed | USDA Agricultural Research Service | 1997 | 4 | nee | nee | ja | nee | P | lijnzaad (olie), kurkuma | When mixed into a commercial diet and fed to newborn chicks for four weeks, flaxseed oil reduced by 54 percent the number of cecal lesions caused by the species E. tenella. A linseed oil diet reduced lesions by 64 percent. Also of interest to the scientists is cucurmin, an antioxidant from turmeric, a popular cooking spice used in curries and other ethnic foods. Turmeric targets protozoa infecting the mid-gut. Compared to untreated control birds in the study, turmeric-fed chicks had 58 percent fewer lesions from E. maxima. Turmeric also increased the chicks' weight by 35 percent. | ||
| Al-Sultan SI | The effect of Curcuma longa (turmeric) on overall performance of broiler chickens | Int J of Poultry Sc | 2003 | 2 (5): 351-353 | klin stud 5 | nee | nee | ja | nee | A2 | kurkuma | The effect of Curcuma longa (tumeric) feed additive on overall performance of broiler chickens was investigated. The implication of different diet inclusion levels (0.25, 0.5 and 1.0%) of tumeric on body weight gain, feed conversion, carcass analysis, lymphoid organ weight index and blood cell count of broilers were tested comparing to untreated control birds. It had been found that the higher body weight gain (1344.5 g) was observed in birds fed diet contained tumeric at level of 0.5% followed by birds received o.25% (1329.8), 1% (1306) and control (1268.2). Moreover, the feed conversion of birds received 0.5% tumeric in their diets were the best (2.08) as compared to controls (2.47) and other treated groups (2.27 and 2.31). | |
| Samarasinghe K | Wenk C, Silvak KFST, Gunasekera JMDM | Turmeric (Curcuma longa) root powder and mannanoligosaccharides as alternatives to antibiotics in broiler chicken diets | Asian-Australasian J of Animal Sci | 2003 | 16(10);1495-1500 | B | nee | nee | ja | nee | A2 | Kurkuma, mannanoligosaccharides | Two bio-assays were conducted to evaluate turmeric root powder and mannan-oligosaccharides (MOS) as alternatives to feed antibiotics for broilers. In one trial, one hundred and eighty 19-days old broilers assigned to 18 groups of 10 were fed on one of six experimental diets with three replicates during four weeks. The diets included a basal feed without additives and with either virginiamycin, MOS, or turmeric at 1, 2 and 3 g/kg, respectively. In the second trial, one hundred and forty four 21-days old broilers arranged in 16 groups of nine were fed on the first four diets with four replicates for a similar period. |
| Radwan Nadia L | Hassan RA, Qota EM, Fayek HM | Effect of natural antioxidant on oxidative stability of eggs and productive and reproductive performance of laying hens | Int J Poultry Sci | 2008 | 7(2):134-150 | klin stud 5 | nee | nee | ja | nee | G | Tijm, rozemarijn, oregano, kurkuma | The main target of this study was to determine the effect of dietary natural antioxidants: Thyme, rosemary, oregano and curcuma longa on production and reproduction performance of laying local hens and study the oxidative stability of yolk shell egg storage at room temperature (16°C±2). A total number of 360 hens and 36 cocks from El-Salaam strain of 28 weeks old were divided into 12 groups with 3 replicate each (10 hens +1 cock). Birds were fed on the experimental diets, using two levels (0.5 and 1.0%) from four types of herbs (oregano, thyme, rosemary, curcuma longa) as natural antioxidants, in comparison to two levels of vitamin E (100 and 200) mg/Kg diet, in addition to two diets, one using vitamins and minerals premix with vitamin E (control) and the other without vitamin E (Negative-control).The main results obtained from this study can be summarized as follows: Addition of herbs as natural antioxidants during the laying period can improve the production performance especially at 1.0% thyme, rosemary, oregano or 0.5% curcuma longa increased egg production, egg mass and improved feed conversion. |
| Bravo D | et al. | Effects of the dose of capsicum extract on intake, water consumption and rumen fermentation of beef heifers fed a high concentrate diet | 4. BOKU-Symposium Tierernährung - Tierernährung ohne antibiotische Leistungsförderer | 2005 | klin stud 4 | ja | nee | nee | nee | A2 | capsicum | Feed intake, feed intake pattern and feed intake behavior can be a target for plant extract feed additives. The present results indicated that daily doses of 0.25 and 0.5 g of CAP increased water, feed consumption and altered feed intake pattern. The animals spent more time eating and the pattern of intake was more stable during the day. | |
| Lillehoj H | et al. | Synergistic effect of dietary Curcuma, Capsicum, and Lentinus on enhancing local protective immunity against Eimeria acervulina infection | Poultry Science Association 98th Annual Meeting | 2009 | klin stud 4 | nee | nee | ja | nee | P | kurkuma, capsicum, shii-take (lentinus) | The protective effect of orally administered Curcuma longa (turmeric), Capsicum annuum and C. frutescens (hot pepper), and Lentinus edodes (shiitake mushroom) on avian coccidiosis was evaluated in young broilers. Broiler chickens were continuously fed with a standard diet or standard diet supplemented with Curcuma, Capsicum/Lentinus or Curcuma/Capsicum/Lentinus from hatch. Body weight gain, fecal oocyst shedding, antibody titers, and pro-inflammatory cytokine gene expression were measured as parameters of protective immunity following challenge with E. acervulina. Chickens fed the Curcuma/Capsicum/Lentinus-supplemented diet showed significantly improved body weight gain compared with birds on the standard diet alone or birds given Capsicum/Lentinus-supplemented diet following challenge with E. | |
| Podstatzky-Lichtenstein L | Pflanzlich gegen Parasiten | Bio-land | 2009 | 07, 18 | 4 | nee | nee | nee | ja | P | Paramaxin | In Oostenrijk is, bij schapen en geiten, een nieuw plantaardigmiddel tegen maag-darmwormen succesvol getest. Het middel, met geneeskrachtige kruiden is ook toegelaten in de biologische dierhouderij. | |
| Sing TU | Kumar D, Tandan SK | Paralytic effect of alcoholic extract of Allium sativum and Piper longum on liver amphistome, Gigantocotyle explanatum | Ind J. of Pharmacology | 2008 | 40(2):64-68 | B | ja | nee | nee | nee | P | knoflook, peper | Objective: To investigate the effects of alcoholic extract of Allium sativum and Piper longum on the muscular activity of a parasitic amphistome, Gigantocotyle explanatum. Materials and Methods: Amphistomes were isometrically mounted to record the spontaneous muscular activity by using Chart 4 software program (Power Lab, AD Instruments, Australia) and to examine the effects of cumulative doses (100, 300, 1000, and 3000 ìg/ml) of the plant extracts on the amplitude (g), frequency (per 10 min), and baseline tension (g) of the spontaneous muscular activity of the amphistome. Results: Alcoholic extract of A. sativum produced significant reduction in the frequency and amplitude of contractile activity of the amphistome at 1000 and 3000 ìg/ml bath concentrations. |
| Lalchhandama K | Roy B, Dutta BK | Anthelmintic activity of Acacia oxyphylla stem bark against Ascaridia galli | Pharmaceutical Biol. | 2009 | 47(7):578-583 | B | nee | nee | ja | nee | P | Acacia oxyphylla | The anthelmintic activity of the ethanol extract of Acacia oxyphylla Graham ex Bentham (Mimosaceae) stem bark was tested against Ascaridia galli Schrank (Nematoda), the intestinal roundworm of domestic fowl. Different concentrations of the extract (0.5, 1, 2, 5, 10 and 20 mg/mL) were prepared in 0.9% phosphate buffered saline (PBS) with 1% dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO). In vitro treatment of the adult roundworms indicated concentration-dependent efficacy of the plant extract. Similar concentrations of a broad-spectrum antiparasitic drug, albendazole, were used as a standard reference. Control experiments consisted of nematodes maintained in 0.9% PBS with 1% DMSO. Albendazole was significantly effective (P < 0.05) at all concentrations tested in causing mortality of A. |
| Dier- en Veehouderij Van Hall Instituut Leeuwarden | Onderzoek Hoof-fit-Concept | Agrifirm | 2003 | 3 | ja | ja | ja | ja | D | Aloe vera | Het Hoof-fit-Concept werkt goed, door de combinatie van een effectief product te koppelen aan een effectief behandelschema wordt een goed concept gevormd. Een goed resultaat is en blijft echter afhankelijk van de tijd die in de behandeling van de koeien gestoken wordt. Dit is ook grotendeels de reden dat er goede resultaten bereikt zijn, in combinatie met een goed product dat zijn werking inmiddels bewezen heeft. | ||
| Bachaya HA | Iqbal Z, Khan MN, Sindhu Z, Jabbar A | Anthelmintic activity of Ziziphus nummularia (bark) and Acacia nilotica (fruit) against Trichostrongylid nematodes of sheep | J Ethnopharmacology | 2009 | 123(2):325-329 | klin stud 5 | nee | nee | nee | ja | P | Ziziphus nummularia en Acacia nilotica | Both the plants exhibited dose- and time-dependent anthelmintic effects by causing mortality of worms, and inhibiting egg hatching and larval development. Acacia nilotica (LC50 = 512.86 and 194.98 ìg/ml) was found to be more potent than Ziziphus nummularia (LC50 = 676.08 and 398.11 ìg/ml) in egg hatch test and larval development assay, respectively. In vivo, maximum fecal egg count reduction (84.7%) was recorded on day 13 post-treatment in sheep treated with Ziziphus nummularia CME (3.0 g/kg) followed by 78.5% on same day with Acacia nilotica CME (3.0 g/kg). |
| Tripathi AK | Rajora VS, Singh SP | Effect of herbs as adjunct therapy on hemato-biochemical profiles in diarrhoeic calves | Indian J of Animal Sc | 2008 | 78(8) | klin stud 5 | ja | nee | nee | nee | A1 | Ocimum sanctum en Emblica officinalis | This study was conducted to investigate the effects of herbal immunomodulators, Ocimum sanctum [Ocimum tenuiflorum] and Emblica officinalis [Phyllanthus emblica], as an adjunct therapy for calf diarrhoea. 30 crossbred calves suffering from diarrhoea were used in the clinical trial. These calves were given standard treatment for diarrhoea containing antimicrobials and rehydration therapy by the clinician at the IDR. The diarrhoeic calves were divided into 5 groups of 6 animals each. Calves of group I served as untreated control. Calves of groups II and II were administered with O. sanctum and E. officinalis powder at 150 mg/kg body weight, respectively. Groups IV and V were given O. |
| Nag LK | Rajora VS, Singh PK, Jadon NS, Gupta DK | Efficacy of a herbal formulation in the treatment of clinical cases of calf diarrhoea | Indian J of Vet Med | 2007 | 72(1) | klin stud 5 | ja | nee | nee | nee | A1 | Cassia absus, Cuminum cyminum, Kalanchoe pinnata and Helicteres isora | The therapeutic efficacy of a polyherbal formulation containing Cassia absus, Cuminum cyminum, Kalanchoe pinnata and Helicteres isora was evaluated in clinical cases of diarrhoea in calves below 30 days of age. The formulation had 83.33 and 50.0% efficacy when given at 15.0 and 7.5 g, respectively. There was a significant improvement in the clinico-haematobiochemical profile in treated calves. |